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NAEP Analysis and ScalingEstimation of Population and Student Group DistributionsExamining the Population-Structure Models Used in NAEPProportion of Variance Accounted For by Principal Components Used in NAEP Population-Structure Models → Proportion of Variance of the Group-Defining Contrasts Accounted for by the Principal Components Used in the Population-Structure Model, Grade 4 Reading Combined National and State Assessment: 2013
NAEP Technical DocumentationProportion of variance of the group-defining contrasts accounted for by the principal components used in the population-structure model, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2013
Type of contrast Number of contrasts Mean Minimum Maximum Number of contrasts by proportion1 of variance explained
.00 - .70 .70 - .80 .80 - .90 .90 - .95 .95 - 1.00

1 (Total Variance – Residual Variance)/Total Variance, where Total Variance consists of sampling, measurement, and other sources of error.
NOTE: SD/ELL = Students with disabilities/English language learners.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2013 Reading Assessment.

All contrasts 1523 .90 .62 1.00 14 69 582 543 315
Student questionnaire 123 .89 .65 .99 6 18 21 49 29
Major reporting variables 124 .93 .67 1.00 3 1 28 39 53
Interactions between reporting variables 286 .89 .62 .98 5 15 103 128 35
Teacher questionnaire 488 .91 .71 .99 0 18 172 155 143
School questionnaire 463 .89 .75 .98 0 15 247 163 38
SD/ELL questionnaire 39 .92 .78 .99 0 2 11 9 17

Last updated 21 May 2017 (DC)