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The NAEP 2007 national assessment included four components:
The sample design aimed to achieve a nationally representative sample of students in the defined populations who were enrolled at the time of assessment. The selected samples were based on a two-stage sample design:
The first-stage samples of schools were selected with probability proportional to a measure of size based on the estimated grade-specific enrollment in the schools.
For the reading and mathematics assessments in fourth- and eighth-grade public schools, the national samples were the state assessment samples for each jurisdiction. The national writing assessment for eighth grade also used the state assessment samples. A small number of students were sampled within the reading-mathematics spiral to account for jurisdictions not participating in the writing assessment at the state level.