Country |
Below level 2 |
|
Level 4 and above |
|
Level 5 and above |
Percent |
|
s.e. |
|
Percent |
|
s.e. |
|
Percent |
|
|
s.e. |
OECD average |
19 |
|
0.2 |
|
28 |
|
0.2 |
|
8 |
|
* |
0.1 |
OECD countries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Australia |
14 |
* |
0.6 |
|
37 |
* |
1.0 |
|
13 |
|
* |
0.8 |
Austria |
28 |
* |
1.3 |
|
22 |
* |
1.1 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Belgium |
18 |
|
0.9 |
|
36 |
* |
0.9 |
|
11 |
|
|
0.6 |
Canada |
10 |
* |
0.5 |
|
40 |
* |
0.8 |
|
13 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Chile |
31 |
* |
1.5 |
|
11 |
* |
0.9 |
|
1 |
|
* |
0.3 |
Czech Republic |
23 |
* |
1.3 |
|
23 |
* |
1.1 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Denmark |
15 |
|
0.9 |
|
26 |
* |
1.2 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Estonia |
13 |
* |
1.0 |
|
27 |
|
1.1 |
|
6 |
|
* |
0.6 |
Finland |
8 |
* |
0.5 |
|
45 |
* |
1.2 |
|
15 |
|
* |
0.8 |
France |
20 |
|
1.2 |
|
32 |
|
1.4 |
|
10 |
|
|
1.0 |
Germany |
19 |
|
1.1 |
|
31 |
|
1.1 |
|
8 |
|
* |
0.6 |
Greece |
21 |
|
1.8 |
|
24 |
* |
1.1 |
|
6 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Hungary |
18 |
|
1.4 |
|
28 |
|
1.5 |
|
6 |
|
* |
0.7 |
Iceland |
17 |
|
0.6 |
|
30 |
|
0.8 |
|
9 |
|
|
0.6 |
Ireland |
17 |
|
1.1 |
|
29 |
|
1.2 |
|
7 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Israel |
27 |
* |
1.2 |
|
26 |
* |
1.1 |
|
7 |
|
* |
0.6 |
Italy |
21 |
* |
0.6 |
|
26 |
* |
0.6 |
|
6 |
|
* |
0.3 |
Japan |
14 |
* |
1.1 |
|
40 |
* |
1.3 |
|
13 |
|
* |
0.9 |
Korea, Republic of |
6 |
* |
0.8 |
|
46 |
* |
2.0 |
|
13 |
|
* |
1.1 |
Luxembourg |
26 |
* |
0.6 |
|
23 |
* |
0.5 |
|
6 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Mexico |
40 |
* |
1.0 |
|
6 |
* |
0.4 |
|
# |
|
* |
† |
Netherlands |
14 |
|
1.5 |
|
33 |
|
2.3 |
|
10 |
|
|
1.1 |
New Zealand |
14 |
* |
0.8 |
|
41 |
* |
1.0 |
|
16 |
|
* |
0.8 |
Norway |
15 |
|
0.8 |
|
31 |
|
1.2 |
|
8 |
|
|
0.9 |
Poland |
15 |
|
0.8 |
|
30 |
|
1.3 |
|
7 |
|
* |
0.6 |
Portugal |
18 |
|
1.2 |
|
24 |
* |
1.2 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Slovak Republic |
22 |
* |
1.2 |
|
21 |
* |
0.9 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Slovenia |
21 |
* |
0.6 |
|
24 |
* |
0.7 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Spain |
20 |
|
0.9 |
|
21 |
* |
0.7 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.3 |
Sweden |
17 |
|
0.9 |
|
29 |
|
1.2 |
|
9 |
|
|
0.7 |
Switzerland |
17 |
|
0.9 |
|
31 |
|
1.1 |
|
8 |
|
|
0.7 |
Turkey |
25 |
* |
1.4 |
|
14 |
* |
1.4 |
|
2 |
|
* |
0.4 |
United Kingdom |
18 |
|
0.8 |
|
28 |
|
1.0 |
|
8 |
|
|
0.5 |
United States |
18 |
|
1.1 |
|
30 |
|
1.5 |
|
10 |
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-OECD countries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albania |
57 |
* |
1.9 |
|
3 |
* |
0.5 |
|
‡ |
|
|
† |
Argentina |
52 |
* |
1.9 |
|
7 |
* |
1.0 |
|
1 |
|
|
0.2 |
Azerbaijan |
73 |
* |
1.6 |
|
1 |
!* |
0.2 |
|
# |
|
|
† |
Brazil |
50 |
* |
1.3 |
|
7 |
* |
0.7 |
|
1 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Bulgaria |
41 |
* |
2.6 |
|
14 |
* |
1.5 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Chinese Taipei |
16 |
|
0.9 |
|
26 |
* |
1.3 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.9 |
Colombia |
47 |
* |
1.9 |
|
5 |
* |
0.6 |
|
1 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Croatia |
22 |
* |
1.3 |
|
20 |
* |
1.1 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.4 |
Dubai-UAE |
31 |
* |
0.5 |
|
20 |
* |
0.6 |
|
5 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Hong Kong-China |
8 |
* |
0.7 |
|
44 |
* |
1.1 |
|
12 |
|
* |
0.8 |
Indonesia |
53 |
* |
2.3 |
|
1 |
!* |
0.3 |
|
# |
|
|
† |
Jordan |
48 |
* |
1.6 |
|
4 |
* |
0.5 |
|
# |
|
* |
† |
Kazakhstan |
59 |
* |
1.5 |
|
4 |
* |
0.5 |
|
# |
|
* |
† |
Kyrgyz Republic |
83 |
* |
1.2 |
|
1 |
* |
0.3 |
|
‡ |
|
|
† |
Latvia |
18 |
|
1.2 |
|
20 |
* |
1.3 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.4 |
Liechtenstein |
16 |
|
1.8 |
|
29 |
|
2.5 |
|
5 |
! |
* |
1.4 |
Lithuania |
24 |
* |
1.2 |
|
17 |
* |
0.9 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.4 |
Macao-China |
15 |
* |
0.5 |
|
20 |
* |
0.5 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Montenegro, Republic of |
50 |
* |
1.0 |
|
6 |
* |
0.4 |
|
1 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Panama |
65 |
* |
2.6 |
|
4 |
* |
0.7 |
|
1 |
! |
* |
0.2 |
Peru |
65 |
* |
1.7 |
|
3 |
* |
0.6 |
|
1 |
! |
* |
0.2 |
Qatar |
64 |
* |
0.5 |
|
7 |
* |
0.3 |
|
2 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Romania |
40 |
* |
2.0 |
|
7 |
* |
0.8 |
|
1 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Russian Federation |
27 |
* |
1.3 |
|
14 |
* |
0.9 |
|
3 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Serbia, Republic of |
33 |
* |
1.3 |
|
9 |
* |
0.6 |
|
1 |
|
* |
0.2 |
Shanghai-China |
4 |
* |
0.5 |
|
54 |
* |
1.3 |
|
20 |
|
* |
1.1 |
Singapore |
13 |
* |
0.5 |
|
41 |
* |
0.8 |
|
16 |
|
* |
0.5 |
Thailand |
43 |
* |
1.5 |
|
4 |
* |
0.6 |
|
‡ |
|
|
† |
Trinidad and Tobago |
45 |
* |
0.7 |
|
11 |
* |
0.5 |
|
2 |
|
* |
0.3 |
Tunisia |
50 |
* |
1.6 |
|
3 |
* |
0.6 |
|
‡ |
|
|
† |
Uruguay |
42 |
* |
1.2 |
|
10 |
* |
0.6 |
|
2 |
|
* |
0.3 |
† Not applicable. |
# Rounds to zero. |
! Interpret data with caution. |
‡ Reporting standards not met. |
*p < .05. Significantly different from the U.S. average at the .05 level of statistical significance. |
NOTE: To reach a particular proficiency level, a student must correctly answer a majority of items at that level. Students were classified into reading literacy levels according to their scores. Exact cut point scores are as follows: below level 2 (a score less than 407.47); level 4 and above (a score greater than .552.89); and level 5 and above (a score greater than 625.61). Scores are reported on a scale from 0 to 1,000. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) average is the average of the national percentages of the OECD member countries, with each country weighted equally. Because the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is principally an OECD study, the results for non-OECD countries are displayed separately from those of the OECD countries. Standard error is noted by s.e. In the country column, italics indicate non-national entities. UAE refers to United Arab Emirates. |
SOURCE: Fleischman, H.L., Hopstock, P. J., Pelczar, M.P, and Shelly, B.E. (2010). Highlights From PISA 2009: Performance of U.S. 15-Year-Old Students in Reading, Mathematics, and Science Literacy in an International Context (NCES 2011-004), supplemental table R7a. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. |