Table 401.30.

Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2016

[In thousands of current dollars]
Level/educational purpose, agency, and program	1970	1980	19901	20001	20051	20101	20111	20121	20131	20141	20151	20161
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
Total	$12,511,079	$34,465,612	$51,593,753	$86,223,885	$148,306,678	$170,640,505	$182,101,478	$188,010,977	$178,918,154	$188,354,107	$195,792,216	$188,918,425
Elementary/secondary education	5,830,442	16,027,686	21,984,361	43,790,783	69,029,389	75,187,097	74,538,319	76,283,637	75,823,798	77,243,750	79,005,904	82,096,684
Department of Education2	2,719,204	6,629,095	9,681,313	20,039,563	37,477,594	39,646,475	38,652,240	38,601,561	36,589,382	37,488,221	37,394,190	38,648,865
Education for the disadvantaged	1,339,014	3,204,664	4,494,111	8,529,111	14,635,566	15,864,666	15,515,444	15,741,703	14,921,636	15,552,693	15,536,107	15,963,018
Impact aid program3	656,372	690,170	816,366	877,101	1,262,174	1,276,183	1,273,631	1,291,186	1,223,649	1,288,603	1,288,603	1,305,603
School improvement programs4	288,304	788,918	1,189,158	2,549,971	7,918,091	6,999,862	6,738,485	6,327,886	5,997,413	5,599,600	5,478,097	5,851,330
Indian education	†	93,365	69,451	65,285	121,911	127,282	127,027	130,779	123,939	123,939	123,939	143,939
English Language Acquisition	21,250	169,540	188,919	362,662	667,485	750,000	733,530	732,144	693,848	723,400	737,400	737,400
Special education	79,090	821,777	1,616,623	4,948,977	10,940,312	12,587,035	12,526,672	12,640,709	11,982,364	12,497,300	12,522,358	12,930,812
Vocational and adult education	335,174	860,661	1,306,685	1,462,977	1,967,086	2,016,447	1,737,451	1,737,154	1,646,533	1,702,686	1,707,686	1,716,763
Education Reform--Goals 20005	†	†	†	1,243,479	-35,031	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Hurricane Education Recovery6	†	†	†	†	†	25,000	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Agriculture	760,477	4,064,497	5,528,950	10,051,278	12,648,943	18,336,140	18,718,506	19,345,478	21,209,152	20,416,777	22,552,477	23,412,011
Child nutrition programs7	299,131	3,377,056	4,977,075	9,554,028	11,901,943	16,891,000	17,324,000	18,151,000	19,913,000	19,279,000	21,297,000	22,163,000
McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and
Child Nutrition Program8	†	†	†	†	86,000	210,000	199,000	184,000	175,000	185,000	192,000	202,000
Agricultural Marketing Service--commodities9	341,597	388,000	350,441	400,000	471,000	1,053,000	992,000	843,000	940,000	770,000	818,000	845,000
Special Milk Program7	83,800	159,293	18,707	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education share of Forest Service
permanent appropriations	35,949	140,148	182,727	97,250	190,000	182,140	203,506	167,478	181,152	182,777	245,477	202,011
Department of Commerce	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local public works program--school facilities10	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	143,100	370,846	1,097,876	1,485,611	1,786,253	1,981,321	2,047,825	2,132,046	2,220,611	2,193,877	2,035,763	2,146,796
Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC)	12,100	32,000	39,300	210,432	315,122	359,689	377,526	391,682	407,335	450,229	381,306	365,030
Overseas dependents schools	131,000	338,846	864,958	904,829	1,060,920	1,186,560	1,193,636	1,235,707	1,262,545	1,187,691	1,118,208	1,179,926
Domestic schools11	†	†	193,618	370,350	410,211	435,072	476,663	504,657	550,731	555,957	536,249	601,840
Department of Energy	200	77,633	15,563	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for school buildings12	†	77,240	15,213	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Pre-engineering program	200	393	350	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	†	735,000	1,906,979	5,282,000	6,842,348	7,234,000	7,560,000	7,969,000	7,573,000	8,598,000	8,598,000	9,168,000
Head Start13	†	735,000	1,447,758	5,267,000	6,842,348	7,234,000	7,560,000	7,969,000	7,573,000	8,598,000	8,598,000	9,168,000
Payments to states for Aid to Families with
Dependent Children (AFDC) work programs14	†	†	459,221	15,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	500	505	504	454	364	273	301	339
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation--
Coast Guard personnel15	†	†	†	†	500	505	504	454	364	273	301	339
Department of the Interior	140,705	318,170	445,267	725,423	938,506	781,075	815,877	782,335	742,546	782,405	805,293	879,366
Mineral Leasing Act and other funds16
Payments to states--estimated education share	12,294	62,636	123,811	24,610	60,290	23,000	24,380	26,450	24,770	28,100	23,500	16,800
Payments to counties--estimated education share	16,359	48,953	102,522	53,500	79,686	50,000	53,000	58,000	53,970	61,300	51,200	36,600
Indian Education
Bureau of Indian Education schools	95,850	178,112	192,841	466,905	517,647	580,492	583,572	631,477	597,412	622,382	641,353	672,943
Johnson-O'Malley assistance17	16,080	28,081	25,556	17,387	16,510	13,589	13,415	13,304	12,615	14,338	14,739	14,778
Education construction	†	†	†	161,021	263,373	112,994	140,509	52,104	52,779	55,285	74,501	138,245
Education expenses for children of employees,
Yellowstone National Park	122	388	538	2,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	†	†
Department of Justice	8,237	23,890	65,997	224,800	554,500	137,529	140,525	291,464	297,745	295,569	141,167	—
Advanced occupational education	†	†	†	†	†	137,529	140,525	149,587	160,684	151,630	—	—
Vocational training expenses for prisoners in
federal prisons18	2,720	4,966	2,066	1,000	0	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Inmate programs18,19	5,517	18,924	63,931	223,800	554,500	—	—	141,877	137,061	143,939	141,167	—
Department of Labor	420,927	1,849,800	2,505,487	4,683,200	5,654,000	4,845,735	4,358,353	4,898,863	4,729,187	4,837,010	4,827,861	5,024,580
Job Corps20	†	469,800	739,376	1,256,000	1,521,000	1,017,205	1,017,205	1,706,171	1,702,946	1,688,155	1,688,155	1,689,155
Training programs--estimated funds for
education programs21	420,927	1,380,000	1,766,111	3,427,200	4,133,000	3,828,530	3,341,148	3,192,692	3,026,241	3,148,855	3,139,706	3,335,425
Department of Transportation	45	60	46	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation--
Coast Guard personnel15	45	60	46	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	935,903	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education share of general revenue
sharing22
State23	†	525,019	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local	†	410,884	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	338,910	545,786	155,351	445,052	1,815,000	760,476	778,373	808,898	949,143	1,079,832	1,161,750	1,373,212
Noncollegiate and job training programs24	281,640	439,993	12,848	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Vocational rehabilitation for disabled veterans25	41,700	87,980	136,780	438,635	1,815,000	760,476	759,457	790,688	930,750	1,060,811	1,143,656	1,354,665
Veteran dependents' education26	15,570	17,813	5,723	6,417	—	—	18,916	18,210	18,393	19,021	18,094	18,547
Service Members Occupational Conversion Training       Act of 199227	†	†	†	—	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission28	33,161	9,157	93	2,588	2,962	986	2,290	962	1,689	3,163	1,574	2,332
National Endowment for the Arts29	†	4,989	4,641	6,002	8,470	11,530	12,125	10,450	10,427	10,924	9,777	10,496
Arts in education	†	4,989	4,641	6,002	8,470	11,530	12,125	10,450	10,427	10,924	9,777	10,496
National Endowment for the Humanities	20	330	404	812	603	125	75	100	333	181	243	212
Office of Economic Opportunity	1,072,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Head Start13	325,700	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other elementary and secondary programs30	42,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Job Corps20	144,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Youth Corps and other training programs20	553,368	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)31	6,498	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration	167,333	342,000	489,814	729,036	1,161,000	1,313,000	1,312,200	1,329,500	1,321,300	1,365,200	1,373,500	1,344,600
Social Security student benefits32,33	167,333	342,000	489,814	729,036	1,161,000	1,313,000	1,312,200	1,329,500	1,321,300	1,365,200	1,373,500	1,344,600
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid to the
District of Columbia	25,748	65,714	86,579	115,230	138,710	138,200	139,426	112,526	178,919	172,318	104,008	85,875
Postsecondary education	$3,432,277	$11,087,992	$13,620,326	$14,977,852	$38,560,566	$49,227,882	$64,741,176	$70,200,145	$63,549,350	$69,443,305	$74,901,134	$63,331,075
Department of Education2	1,187,962	5,682,242	11,175,978	10,727,315	31,420,023	35,518,187	49,506,580	54,287,377	46,295,375	51,896,533	56,994,579	44,128,936
Student financial assistance	†	3,682,789	5,920,328	9,060,317	15,209,515	24,596,640	43,730,700	43,280,461	37,319,312	30,589,493	29,351,512	30,130,183
Direct Loan Program34	†	†	†	-2,862,240	3,020,992	3,481,859	2,781,709	6,917,373	3,273,880	16,254,117	23,660,742	9,878,116
Federal Family Education Loan Program35	2,323	1,407,977	4,372,446	2,707,473	10,777,470	4,274,364	177,001	1,359,963	3,102,483	2,269,320	1,362,692	1,446,784
Higher education	1,029,131	399,787	659,492	1,530,779	2,053,288	2,740,665	2,388,946	2,297,656	2,178,033	2,322,592	2,161,224	2,219,845
Facilities--loans and insurance	114,199	-19,031	19,219	-2,174	-1,464	-8,360	-4,607	-8,513	-156	-109	-156	-68
College housing loans36	†	14,082	-57,167	-41,886	-33,521	-16,725	-13,265	-16,725	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176
Educational activities overseas	774	3,561	82	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Capital Financing, Program Account	†	†	†	150	169	23,330	23,289	32,160	20,227	55,184	50,629	42,140
Gallaudet College and Howard University	38,559	176,829	230,327	291,060	339,823	357,977	357,261	359,580	340,772	340,821	342,096	343,096
National Technical Institute for the Deaf	2,976	16,248	31,251	43,836	53,751	68,437	65,546	65,422	62,000	66,291	67,016	70,016
Department of Agriculture	†	10,453	31,273	30,676	61,957	80,697	81,658	81,658	75,387	82,986	82,986	84,686
Agriculture Extension Service, Second Morrill Act
payments to agricultural and mechanical colleges
and Tuskegee Institute	†	10,453	31,273	30,676	61,957	80,697	81,658	81,658	75,387	82,986	82,986	84,686
Department of Commerce	8,277	29,971	3,312	3,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Sea Grant Program37	†	3,123	3,312	3,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Merchant Marine Academy38	6,160	14,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
State marine schools38	2,117	12,039	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	322,100	545,000	635,769	1,147,759	1,858,301	2,550,667	2,297,234	2,407,629	2,420,958	2,314,444	2,204,083	2,329,356
Tuition assistance for military personnel	57,500	—	95,300	263,303	608,109	669,892	567,412	590,626	564,604	580,848	520,817	571,613
Service academies	78,700	106,100	120,613	212,678	300,760	402,640	348,836	375,250	372,726	225,163	227,413	230,807
Senior Reserve Officers Training Corps (SROTC)	108,100	—	193,056	363,461	537,525	885,500	851,910	844,498	843,018	856,900	840,384	870,817
Professional development education39	77,800	—	226,800	308,317	411,907	592,635	529,076	597,255	640,610	651,533	615,469	656,119
Department of Energy	3,000	57,701	25,502	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
University laboratory cooperative program	3,000	2,800	9,402	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Teacher development projects	†	1,400	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for buildings--higher
education12	†	53,501	7,459	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Minority honors vocational training	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Honors research program	†	†	6,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Students and teachers	†	†	2,169	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	479,483	853,058	578,542	954,190	1,433,516	1,292,556	1,398,643	1,363,081	1,267,355	1,309,981	1,364,045	1,439,395
Health professions training programs40	353,029	460,736	230,600	340,361	581,661	406,000	514,922	497,513	438,039	469,236	486,600	491,895
Indian health manpower	†	7,187	9,508	16,000	27,000	46,000	41,000	41,000	32,000	32,000	48,000	48,000
National Health Service Corps scholarships	†	70,667	4,759	33,300	45,000	41,000	46,400	38,300	39,800	43,300	44,000	41,000
National Institutes of Health training grants41	†	176,388	241,356	550,220	756,014	775,186	772,000	762,000	734,000	738,000	758,000	830,000
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health training grants	8,088	12,899	10,461	14,198	23,841	24,370	24,321	24,268	23,516	27,445	27,445	28,500
Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training
programs42	118,366	122,103	81,353	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Health teaching facilities43	†	3,078	505	110	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	36,400	45,824	49,604	48,592	43,468	35,632	34,205	39,447
Coast Guard Academy15	†	†	†	†	16,400	26,326	27,581	26,803	24,359	25,438	23,260	24,336
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers15	†	†	†	†	8,700	4,645	4,883	5,891	6,198	5,430	4,811	5,555
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military
personnel15	†	†	†	†	11,300	14,853	17,140	15,898	12,911	4,764	6,134	9,556
Department of Housing and Urban Development	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College housing loans36	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Interior	16,329	52,312	104,891	156,316	222,506	143,041	82,033	91,335	79,142	84,987	83,482	78,402
Shared revenues, Mineral Leasing Act and other
receipts--estimated education share16	6,949	35,403	69,980	98,740	146,235	16,250	20,430	29,900	20,310	23,100	19,300	13,800
Indian programs
Continuing education	9,380	16,909	34,911	57,576	76,271	126,791	61,603	61,435	58,832	61,887	64,182	64,602
Higher education scholarships	—	—	—	—	—	34,585	34,432	32,730	31,560	31,350	31,190	31,290
Department of State	30,850	†	2,167	319,000	424,000	657,660	620,050	601,770	577,864	567,811	594,915	590,900
Educational exchange44	30,850	†	†	319,000	424,000	657,660	620,050	601,770	577,864	567,811	594,915	590,900
Mutual educational and cultural exchange
activities	30,454	†	†	303,000	402,000	635,000	599,550	583,200	559,180	567,811	594,915	590,900
International educational exchange activities45	396	†	†	16,000	22,000	22,660	20,500	18,570	18,684	†	†	†
Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and
Training	†	†	2,167	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	11,197	12,530	46,025	60,300	73,000	89,997	95,806	102,268	97,993	96,800	97,650	116,100
Merchant Marine Academy38	†	†	20,926	34,000	61,000	74,057	79,897	85,168	81,787	79,500	79,150	82,500
State marine schools38	†	†	8,269	7,000	12,000	15,940	15,909	17,100	16,206	17,300	18,500	33,600
Coast Guard Academy15	9,342	10,000	12,074	15,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers15	1,655	2,230	4,173	2,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military
personnel15	200	300	582	1,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General revenue sharing--estimated state share to
higher education22,23	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	693,490	1,803,847	599,825	1,132,322	2,478,624	8,143,560	9,898,127	10,173,547	11,737,143	12,061,698	12,395,923	13,456,858
Vietnam-era veterans	638,260	1,579,974	46,998	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College student support	†	1,560,081	39,458	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Work-study	†	19,893	7,540	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Service persons college support	18,900	46,617	8,911	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Post-Vietnam veterans	†	922	161,475	3,958	1,136	1,496	1,343	932	615	425	275	262
All-volunteer-force educational assistance	†	†	269,947	984,068	2,070,996	1,963,943	1,682,700	1,163,575	998,517	736,669	627,075	554,086
Veterans	†	†	183,765	876,434	1,887,239	1,659,694	1,385,943	931,756	775,382	530,508	445,190	383,600
Reservists	†	†	86,182	107,634	183,757	304,249	296,757	231,819	223,135	206,161	181,885	170,486
Post-9/11 GI Bill46	†	†	†	†	†	5,542,843	7,656,490	8,476,227	10,184,499	10,754,649	11,234,014	12,357,594
Veteran dependents' education26	36,330	176,334	100,494	131,296	388,719	507,294	443,928	437,085	464,862	494,613	475,131	493,060
Payments to state education agencies	†	†	12,000	13,000	17,773	18,958	18,342	18,738	18,980	18,985	18,911	19,000
Reserve Education Assistance Program47	†	†	†	†	†	109,026	95,324	76,990	69,670	56,357	40,517	32,856
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission28	4,105	1,751	—	2,286	4,407	2,464	6,098	6,653	4,443	7,471	17,062	25,027
National Endowment for the Humanities	3,349	56,451	50,938	28,395	29,253	47,949	40,168	45,000	39,399	39,824	42,900	45,979
National Science Foundation	42,000	64,583	161,884	389,000	490,000	618,830	636,060	937,160	858,130	892,600	932,980	935,820
Science and engineering education programs	37,000	64,583	161,884	389,000	490,000	618,830	636,060	937,160	858,130	892,600	932,980	935,820
Sea Grant Program37	5,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security postsecondary students'
benefits32,48	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Information Agency49	8,423	51,095	181,172	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural affairs44	†	49,546	35,862	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural exchange programs50	†	†	145,307	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational exchange activities, international	†	1,549	3	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Information center and library activities	8,423	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other programs
Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence
in Education Foundation	†	†	1,033	3,000	3,000	4,000	3,000	4,000	4,000	3,000	2,000	3,000
Estimated education share of federal aid to the
District of Columbia51	5,513	13,143	14,637	11,493	14,578	20,450	15,115	37,875	37,193	37,538	42,324	42,169
Harry S Truman Scholarship fund	†	-1,895	2,883	3,000	3,000	2,000	1,000	1,200	1,500	1,000	1,000	1,000
Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native
Culture and Arts Development	†	†	4,305	2,000	6,000	8,000	8,000	9,000	8,000	9,000	9,000	12,000
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation	†	†	191	7,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000
Other education	$964,719	$1,548,730	$3,383,031	$5,795,116	$7,297,025	$9,232,220	$10,804,871	$9,351,012	$9,239,858	$9,463,416	$9,494,286	$9,035,880
Department of Education2	630,235	747,706	2,251,801	3,223,355	3,538,862	5,062,693	5,255,939	5,466,031	5,392,390	5,440,500	5,459,226	5,475,432
Administration	47,456	187,317	328,293	458,054	548,842	1,531,232	1,755,384	1,928,821	1,933,269	1,971,955	1,965,715	2,150,110
Libraries52	108,284	129,127	137,264	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Rehabilitative services and disability research	473,091	426,886	1,780,360	2,755,468	2,973,346	3,506,861	3,474,718	3,511,281	3,435,385	3,442,749	3,466,393	3,298,965
American Printing House for the Blind	1,404	4,349	5,736	9,368	16,538	24,600	24,551	24,505	23,223	24,456	24,931	25,431
Trust funds and contributions	0	27	148	465	136	0	1,286	1,424	513	1,340	2,187	926
Department of Agriculture	135,637	271,112	352,511	444,477	467,631	565,423	514,668	508,759	491,424	542,026	509,526	533,726
Extension Service	131,734	263,584	337,907	424,174	445,631	543,423	493,668	487,759	470,424	518,026	485,526	509,726
National Agricultural Library	3,903	7,528	14,604	20,303	22,000	22,000	21,000	21,000	21,000	24,000	24,000	24,000
Department of Commerce	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Maritime Administration38
Training for private sector employees	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	24,273	37,819	77,962	214,000	317,947	339,716	339,716	338,278	337,639	327,723	336,939	394,664
National Library of Medicine	24,273	37,819	77,962	214,000	317,947	339,716	339,716	338,278	337,639	327,723	336,939	394,664
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	278,243	341,100	1,851,832	215,884	243,111	258,730	258,338	245,038
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center53	†	†	†	†	159,000	323,000	270,832	271,413	243,111	258,730	258,338	245,038
Estimated disaster relief54	†	†	†	†	119,243	18,100	1,581,000	-55,529	—	—	—	—
Department of Justice	5,546	27,642	26,920	34,727	26,148	33,563	33,563	33,563	30,207	30,095	28,869	31,856
Federal Bureau of Investigation National Academy	2,066	7,234	6,028	22,479	15,619	19,443	19,443	19,443	21,268	21,291	8,956	9,318
Federal Bureau of Investigation Field Police
Academy	2,500	7,715	10,548	11,962	10,456	14,120	14,120	14,120	8,939	8,804	19,914	22,538
Narcotics and dangerous drug training	980	2,416	850	286	73	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Institute of Corrections	†	10,277	9,494	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Department of State	20,672	25,000	47,539	69,349	109,309	143,520	142,578	140,152	235,093	267,930	276,005	264,554
Foreign Service Institute	15,857	25,000	47,539	69,349	109,309	120,520	121,620	123,452	219,238	251,230	259,305	247,854
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange44	4,815	†	†	—	—	23,000	20,958	16,700	15,855	16,700	16,700	16,700
Department of Transportation	3,964	10,212	1,507	700	1,100	146	135	120	—	—	—	1,000
Highways training and education grants	2,418	3,412	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Maritime Administration38
Training for private sector employees	†	†	1,507	700	1,100	146	135	120	—	—	—	1,000
Urban mass transportation--managerial
training grants	1,546	500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Aviation Administration
Second-Career Training Program for air traffic
controllers55	—	6,300	—	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	18	14,584	41,488	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center53	18	14,584	41,488	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
ACTION56	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education funds	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	88,034	99,707	170,371	299,000	574,000	542,700	599,500	598,800	574,000	576,439	598,000	6,200
Education and human resources	61,570	80,518	142,801	299,000	574,000	542,700	599,500	598,800	574,000	576,439	589,900	—
American schools and hospitals abroad	26,464	19,189	27,570	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	8,100	6,200
Appalachian Regional Commission28	572	8,124	†	2,369	1,173	1,620	3,514	3,510	6,938	2,439	5,045	12,281
Corporation for National and Community Service56	†	†	†	696,545	856,574	857,021	780,809	750,252	711,009	756,849	758,349	787,929
Federal Emergency Management Agency57	290	281	215	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated architect/engineer student
development program	40	31	200	—	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated other training programs58	250	250	15	—	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated disaster relief54	—	—	—	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General Services Administration	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Libraries and other archival activities59	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Institute of Museum and Library Services52	†	†	†	166,000	250,000	282,251	237,393	231,954	219,821	226,860	227,860	230,000
Japanese-United States Friendship Commission	†	2,294	2,299	3,000	3,000	2,000	3,700	3,700	3,700	3,000	3,000	3,000
Library of Congress	29,478	151,871	189,827	299,000	430,000	510,877	492,839	465,961	442,051	455,760	464,449	470,869
Salaries and expenses	20,700	102,364	148,985	247,000	383,000	441,934	433,586	415,561	394,474	406,752	414,201	419,621
National Library Service for the Blind and Physically
Handicapped	6,195	31,436	37,473	46,000	47,000	68,943	59,253	50,400	47,577	49,008	50,248	51,248
Special foreign currency program	2,273	3,492	10	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Furniture and furnishings	310	14,579	3,359	6,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	350	882	3,300	6,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Aerospace education services project	350	882	3,300	6,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
National Archives and Records Administration	†	†	77,397	121,879	276,000	339,000	349,000	391,500	371,022	386,630	381,730	389,073
Libraries and other archival activities59	†	†	77,397	121,879	276,000	339,000	349,000	391,500	371,022	386,630	381,730	389,073
National Commission on Libraries and Information
Science60	†	2,090	3,281	2,000	1,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Endowment for the Arts29	340	231	936	4,046	2,506	2,883	1,370	6,145	3,483	4,502	3,732	3,868
National Endowment for the Humanities	5,090	85,805	89,706	70,807	87,969	94,580	90,891	91,000	74,439	77,528	77,073	75,734
Smithsonian Institution	2,461	5,153	5,779	25,764	45,890	63,107	67,322	65,422	65,483	68,529	70,053	74,609
Museum programs and related research	2,261	3,254	690	18,000	32,000	52,000	56,000	54,313	54,313	57,915	59,553	64,109
National Gallery of Art extension service	200	426	474	764	890	107	119	122	115	114	—	—
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars	†	1,473	4,615	7,000	13,000	11,000	11,203	10,987	11,055	10,500	10,500	10,500
United States Information Agency49
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange44	†	15,115	20,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Institute of Peace	†	†	7,621	13,000	28,000	49,000	39,000	39,000	37,000	37,000	35,000	35,000
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid for the
District of Columbia	1,758	2,990	3,724	404	1,674	1,020	1,102	980	1,048	876	1,092	1,047
Research programs at universities and related
institutions61	$2,283,641	$5,801,204	$12,606,035	$21,660,134	$33,419,698	$36,993,306	$32,017,112	$32,176,184	$30,305,148	$32,203,636	$32,390,891	$34,454,786
Department of Education2,62	87,823	78,742	89,483	116,464	456,822	659,006	608,786	593,664	562,612	576,935	573,935	618,015
Department of Agriculture	64,796	216,405	348,109	553,600	709,700	737,200	764,000	643,100	578,800	697,900	758,200	866,700
Department of Commerce	4,487	48,295	50,523	110,775	243,948	303,000	242,778	205,085	235,936	275,521	272,897	314,255
Department of Defense	356,188	644,455	1,871,864	1,891,710	4,342,100	3,154,300	3,272,300	2,861,205	2,394,900	2,788,700	2,766,500	2,977,100
Department of Energy	548,327	1,470,224	2,520,885	3,577,004	4,339,879	3,402,600	2,994,903	2,983,055	2,941,159	3,288,681	3,484,388	3,890,836
Department of Health and Human Services	623,765	2,087,053	4,902,714	10,491,641	16,357,996	21,796,200	17,780,531	17,630,467	16,588,019	17,305,391	16,897,088	17,807,809
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	309,717	152,800	104,450	68,700	71,637	77,173	79,300	81,500
Department of Housing and Urban Development	510	5,314	118	1,400	1,100	400	1,600	300	4,500	100	1,100	1,000
Department of the Interior	18,521	42,175	49,790	47,200	66,800	84,200	108,774	65,405	51,352	76,822	59,200	57,600
Department of Justice	1,945	9,189	6,858	19,400	27,500	34,600	29,900	34,700	38,900	55,300	54,600	55,500
Department of Labor	3,567	12,938	5,893	12,900	110,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of State	8,220	188	1,519	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	12,328	31,910	28,608	55,866	52,800	70,100	64,800	71,500	80,509	71,200	80,400	61,100
Department of the Treasury	†	226	227	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	518	1,600	2,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	†	77,063	79,415	33,500	28,100	15,200	22,400	31,100	29,900	17,600	50,000	50,000
Environmental Protection Agency	19,446	41,083	87,481	98,900	83,400	54,700	79,200	87,200	73,700	86,100	68,600	55,800
Federal Emergency Management Agency57	†	1,665	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	258,016	254,629	1,090,003	2,071,030	2,763,120	1,585,500	1,430,761	2,289,837	2,200,143	2,287,755	2,355,450	2,667,443
National Science Foundation	253,628	743,809	1,427,007	2,566,244	3,503,216	4,914,700	4,491,930	4,597,266	4,443,881	4,584,258	4,875,532	4,936,529
Nuclear Regulatory Commission	†	32,590	42,328	12,200	15,100	14,500	14,000	8,600	5,400	9,400	8,000	5,000
Office of Economic Opportunity63	20,035	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency64	100	661	25	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies65	1,421	990	885	300	7,900	14,300	6,000	5,000	3,800	4,800	5,700	8,600

—Not available.

†Not applicable.

1 Excludes federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Benefits are excluded because data before fiscal year (FY) 1990 are not available. This program existed since Medicare began, but was not available as a separate budget item until FY 1990. Excluded amounts are estimated as follows: $4,440,000,000 in FY 1990, $8,020,000,000 in FY 2000, $8,290,000,000 in FY 2005, $9,080,000,000 in FY 2010, $9,200,000,000 in FY 2011, $9,800,000,000 in FY 2012, $10,000,000,000 in FY 2013, $11,530,000,000 in FY 2014, $11,800,000,000 in FY 2015, and $12,100,000,000 in FY 2016.

2 The U.S. Department of Education was created in May 1980. It formerly was the Office of Education in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

3 Includes funds used to support school districts with concentrations of children who reside on Indian lands, military bases, low-rent housing properties, and other federal properties, or who have parents in the uniformed services or employed on eligible federal properties.

4 Includes many School Improvement Programs, Safe Schools and Citizenship Education, and the Office of Innovation and Improvement.

5 Included the School-To-Work Opportunities program, which initiated a national system to be administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor. Programs in the Education Reform program were transferred to the school improvement programs or discontinued in FY 2002. Amounts after FY 2002 reflect balances that are spending out from prior-year appropriations.

6 Under the Hurricane Education Recovery Act, short-term funds were provided to assist schools and students displaced by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

7 Starting with FY 1994, funds for the Special Milk Program are included in child nutrition programs.

8 Authorized under the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-171), the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program carries out preschool and school feeding programs in foreign countries.

9 These commodities are purchased under Section 32 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1935 (Public Law 74-320), for use in child nutrition programs.

10 Assisted in the construction of public facilities, such as vocational schools, through grants or loans. No funds have been appropriated for this program since FY 1977, and it was completely phased out in FY 1984.

11 The Department of Defense Domestic Dependent Elementary and Secondary Schools (DDESS) program supports students in military communities in the United States, Guam, and Puerto Rico.

12 Established in 1979, with funds first appropriated in FY 1980.

13 Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. In FY 1972, program funds were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (later the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Today, the program is housed within the Administration for Children and Families within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

14 Created by the Family Support Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-485) to provide funds for the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program. In 1997, AFDC was incorporated into the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program.

15 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Transportation to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March 2003.

16 Data for 2013 through 2016 are estimated.

17 Provides funding for supplemental programs for eligible American Indian students in public schools.

18 Beginning in 2012, funding for vocational training programs is included in inmate programs.

19 Finances the cost of education courses for inmates in federal prisons.

20 Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. Transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972.

21 Some of the work and training programs were in the Office of Economic Opportunity and were transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972. From FY 1994 through FY 2001, included the School-to-Work Opportunities program, which was administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor.

22 Established in FY 1972 and closed in FY 1986.

23 The states' share of revenue-sharing funds could not be spent on education in FYs 1981 through 1986.

24 Provided educational assistance allowances in order to restore lost educational opportunities to those individuals whose careers were interrupted or impeded by reason of active military service between January 31, 1955, and January 1, 1977.

25 This program is in the Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 31, and covers the costs of subsistence, tuition, books, supplies, and equipment for disabled veterans requiring vocational rehabilitation.

26 This program is in the Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 35, and provides benefits to children and spouses of veterans.

27 Appropriations began for this program in 1995 and ended in 2001.

28 Funding for education for the Appalachian Regional Commission is sorted by the type of grantee (e.g., local education agency, institution of higher education) as opposed to how the funding is actually used.

29 "Elementary/secondary" obligations for FYs 2014, 2015, and 2016 include those items that impact elementary and secondary (K–12) students, and that are standards based. "Other education" obligations include all other arts education items not meeting the terms of "elementary/secondary."

30 Most of these programs were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education in FY 1972.

31 Transferred to the ACTION Agency in FY 1972.

32 The Social Security Administration was formerly part of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, which became the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in 1980. In 1994, the Social Security Administration became an independent agency.

33 Benefits typically terminate at age 18, unless a child is still a full-time elementary or secondary student. In that case, benefits continue until the child graduates, or until 2 months after reaching age 19, whichever comes first. Disabled children are also eligible to receive benefits after age 18.

34 Under the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program (commonly referred to as the Direct Loan Program), the federal government uses Treasury funds to provide loan capital directly to schools, which then disburse loan funds to students.

35 The Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program eliminated the authorization to originate new FFEL loans after June 30, 2010; all new loans are originated through the Direct Loan Program. The FFEL Program made loan capital available to students and their families through private lenders. State and private nonprofit guaranty agencies administer the federal guarantee protecting FFEL lenders against losses related to borrower default. These agencies also collect on defaulted loans and provide other services to lenders.

36 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to the U.S. Department of Education when it was established in 1980.

37 Transferred from the National Science Foundation to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the U.S. Department of Commerce in October 1970.

38 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Commerce to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1981.

39 Includes special education programs (military and civilian); legal education program; flight training; advanced degree program; college degree program (officers); and Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship program.

40 Does not include Health Education Assistance Loans (HEAL).

41 Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs are included starting in FY 1992.

42 Beginning in FY 1992, data were included in the National Institutes of Health training grants program.

43 This program closed in FY 2004.

44 Transferred from the U.S. Department of State to the United States Information Agency in 1977, then transferred back to the U.S. Department of State when the United States Information Agency was dissolved in 1999.

45 In FY 2014, the Regional Graduate Fellowship program was consolidated with the Fulbright Program.

46 Chapter 33 was enacted in the Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-252).

47 Part of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2005 (Public Law 108-375), enacted October 28, 2004. The Reserve Education Assistance Program (REAP) provides educational assistance to members of the National Guard and Reserves who serve on active duty in support of a contingency operation under federal authority on or after September 11, 2001. The National Defense Authorization Act of 2016 will phase out REAP by 2019.

48 Postsecondary student benefits were ended by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-35) and were completely phased out by August 1985.

49 Dissolved in 1999; functions were transferred to the U.S. Department of State and the newly created Broadcasting Board of Governors.

50 Included in the Educational and Cultural Affairs program in FYs 1980 through 1983, and became an independent program in FY 1984.

51 Includes funding for higher education financial services and preparation programs.

52 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Education to the Institute of Museum and Library Services when the Institute became an independent agency in 1996.

53 Transferred from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003.

54 The disaster relief program repairs and replaces damaged and destroyed school buildings. The Federal Emergency Management Agency, which administers this program, was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.

55 The Second-Career Training Program for air traffic controllers was canceled in 1996.

56 The National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-82) merged two agencies (ACTION and the Commission on National and Community Service) to establish the Corporation for National and Community Service.

57 The Federal Emergency Management Agency was created in 1979, representing a combination of existing agencies. The funds for the Federal Emergency Management Agency in FY 1970 were in other agencies. This agency was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.

58 These programs include the Fall-Out Shelter Analysis, Blast Protection Design through FY 1992. Starting in FY 1993, earthquake training and safety for teachers and administrators for grades 1 through 12 are included.

59 Transferred from the General Services Administration to the National Archives and Records Administration in April 1985.

60 The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-161) transferred the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science to the Institute of Museum and Library Services in 2008.

61 Includes federal obligations for research and development centers and R & D plant administered by colleges and universities. Data for 2016 are estimated.

62 FY 1970 includes outlays for the Research and Training program. FY 1980 includes outlays for the National Institute of Education program. FY 1990 through FY 2000 amounts are outlays for the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Amounts for FY 2005 and later years are for the Institute of Education Sciences; these amounts are outlays for years prior to FY 2010 and appropriations for later years.

63 The Office of Economic Opportunity was dissolved in 1981.

64 The U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency was integrated into the U.S. Department of State in 1999.

65 Other agencies include the Appalachian Regional Commission, National Archives and Records Administration, and Social Security Administration.

NOTE: To the extent possible, amounts reported do not represent obligations, but instead represent appropriations or (especially for earlier years) outlays. Negative amounts occur when program receipts exceed outlays. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix; and supplemental agency budget documents, fiscal years 1971 through 2017. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1970 through 2016. (This table was prepared March 2017.)