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Were you contacted about the 2023–24 PSS? Please contact the U.S. Census Bureau pss@census.gov or 1-888-329-5890 for more information. Questions about the survey? Click here for PSS participant information!
Private School Universe Survey (PSS)
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Table 9. Percentage distribution of private school students, by racial/ethnic background and selected characteristics: United States, 2019–20
                             
      Non-Hispanic1
Selected characteristic American Indian,
non-Hispanic		   Asian,
non-Hispanic		   Black,
non-Hispanic		   Hispanic, regardless of race   Pacific
Islander, non-Hispanic 		  White, non-Hispanic   Two or
more races, non-Hispanic		  
 Total 0.6   6.6   9.4   11.8   0.7   65.6   5.3  
                             
Private school typology                            
Catholic 0.5   5.1   8.3   17.3   0.6   63.0   5.1  
Parochial 0.3   4.6   6.8   17.1   0.6   65.5   5.0  
Diocesan 0.4   5.1   7.7   17.7   0.6   63.5   5.1  
Private 1.0   5.9   11.4   16.6   0.7   59.1   5.4  
                             
Other religious 0.6   5.1   10.3   8.1   0.8   71.1   4.0  
Conservative Christian 0.7   5.3   11.2   9.2   0.8   68.6   4.3  
Other affiliated 0.3   5.5   8.8   7.4   0.7   73.2   4.1  
Unaffiliated 0.6   4.5   10.9   7.7   0.9   71.6   3.8  
                             
Nonsectarian 0.6   11.5   9.8   9.2   0.7   60.6   7.6  
Regular 0.5   12.0   9.0   8.1   0.7   61.7   8.0  
Special emphasis 1.0   13.9   8.1   10.4   0.6   57.8   8.3  
Special education 0.7   3.8   18.2   14.3   0.4   58.5   4.0  
                             
School level2                            
Elementary/Middle 0.5   5.9   8.9   13.7   0.6   65.1   5.4  
Secondary/High 0.5   7.7   9.5   14.0   0.5   62.7   5.2  
Combined/Other 0.7   6.9   10.1   8.5   0.9   67.7   5.2  
                             
Program emphasis                            
Regular elementary/ secondary 0.5   6.3   9.2   11.8   0.7   66.4   5.2  
Montessori 0.9   13.1   7.2   10.7   0.9   59.7   7.6  
Special program emphasis 0.7   14.0   8.6   9.8   0.4   58.3   8.1  
Special education 0.8   3.7   17.9   14.4   0.4   59.0   3.8  
Vocational/technical ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡  
Alternative 1.1   5.7   13.1   12.7   1.1   60.3   6.0  
Early childhood 0.5   8.7   10.3   12.3   0.7   62.7   4.7  
                             
Size (number of students)                            
Less than 50 0.9   5.3   12.1   10.6   0.7 ! 66.6   3.8  
50 -149 0.8   5.3   12.2   12.4   0.6   64.3   4.3  
150- 299 0.5   6.3   10.4   15.1   0.6   61.7   5.4  
300-499 0.6   6.7   8.9   12.0   0.6   66.0   5.2  
500-749 0.4   6.7   7.3   9.0   0.5   70.4   5.6  
750 or more 0.5   8.2   7.3   9.4   1.2   67.3   6.1  
                             
Region                            
Northeast 0.3   6.3   9.1   8.8   0.3   70.9   4.4  
Midwest 0.5   4.1   9.3   8.8   0.2   73.2   3.9  
South 0.4   5.1   12.4   12.7   0.4   64.9   4.2  
West 1.1   12.8   4.6   16.9   2.2   52.4   9.9  
                             
Urbancity type                            
City 0.4   7.5   11.1   13.4   0.8   60.7   6.1  
Suburban 0.5   7.0   9.6   12.7   0.5   64.4   5.3  
Town 0.9   2.6   4.1   6.7   1.2   81.8   2.8  
Rural 1.3   3.7   5.1   5.2   0.5   81.2   3.1  
‡ Reporting standards not met. There are fewer than 15 sample cases.
! Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent (i.e. the standard error is at least 30 percent and less than 50 percent of the estimate).
1 Hispanic includes Latino, American Indian includes Native American, Black includes African American, and Pacific Islander includes Native Hawaiian.
2 Schools are assigned to one of three school level categories in the 2019–20 PSS: Elementary/Middle, High/secondary, and Combined/other. Elementary/middle schools are defined as schools that enroll students in more of grades K through 4 than in higher grades or that enroll students in more of grades 5 through 8 than in higher or lower grades. High/secondary schools are defined as schools that enroll students in more of grades 9 through 12 than in lower grades. Combined/other schools include all other combinations of grades, including K-12 schools. School level categories in the 2019–20 PSS differ from those in previous survey administrations; caution should be exercised when comparing estimates by level over time.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding or missing values in cells with too few sample cases. These estimates include private schools which provide instruction for one or more of grades kindergarten through twelve (or comparable ungraded levels).
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 2019–20.

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