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Table 3. Percentage of eighth-grade science lessons in which students engaged in different inquiry activities before, during, and after independent practical work, by country: 1999 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Student activity | Australia (AUS) |
Czech Republic (CZE) |
Japan (JPN) |
Netherlands (NLD) |
United States (USA) |
Generated the research question1 | 3! | ‡ | ‡ | ‡ | ‡ |
Designed procedures for investigations2 | 10 | ‡ | 5! | ‡ | 5 |
Made predictions3 | 11 | ‡ | 23 | 4! | 8 |
Interpreted the data or phenomena4 | 56 | 20 | 43 | 24 | 33 |
Collected and recorded data5 | 62 | 8 | 59 | 29 | 31 |
Organized or manipulated data collected independently6 | 9 | ‡ | ‡ | 8 | 8 |
Organized or manipulated collected data guided by teacher or textbook7 | 27 | 3! | 37 | 8 | 19 |
‡ Reporting standards not met. Too few cases to be reported. | |||||
! Interpret data with caution. Estimate is unstable. | |||||
1 Generated the research question: No measurable differences detected. | |||||
2 Designed procedures for investigations: No measurable differences detected. | |||||
3 Made predictions: JPN> NLD. | |||||
4 Interpreted the data or phenomena: AUS> CZE, NLD; JPN> CZE. | |||||
5 Collected and recorded data: AUS, JPN, NLD, USA> CZE; AUS, JPN> NLD, USA. | |||||
6 Organized or manipulated data collected independently: No measurable differences detected. | |||||
7 Organized or manipulated collected data guided by the teacher or the textbook: AUS, JPN> CZE, NLD; USA> CZE. | |||||
NOTE: Totals for students organized or manipulated data on their own or under the direction of the teacher or textbook do not sum to students collected and recorded data because students do not always manipulate collected data. | |||||
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Third International Mathematics and Science Study, Video Study, 1999. |
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