Table 314.45.

Employees in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2016

Sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation	Total	White	Black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Two or more races								Race/ ethnicity unknown	Non-resident alien2
			Total	Per-cent1	Black	Hispanic	Asian	Pacific Islander	American Indian/ Alaska Native	Two or more races
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
All institutions	3,906,240	2,591,246	964,389	27.1	372,289	277,292	239,583	8,692	20,306	46,227	156,259	194,346
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	1,546,081	1,097,897	317,387	22.4	105,470	74,482	112,368	3,733	7,203	14,131	75,460	55,337
Instruction	1,427,871	1,035,697	291,700	22.0	101,247	69,683	97,388	3,582	6,794	13,006	70,690	29,784
Research	88,981	41,568	18,641	31.0	2,109	3,144	12,282	75	212	819	3,896	24,876
Public service	29,229	20,632	7,046	25.5	2,114	1,655	2,698	76	197	306	874	677
Graduate assistants	375,204	175,094	68,933	28.2	15,538	19,339	25,553	570	1,050	6,883	19,252	111,925
Librarians, curators, and archivists	41,993	32,583	8,086	19.9	3,040	2,146	2,040	72	247	541	1,035	289
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	179,345	119,840	51,272	30.0	23,240	16,097	7,113	539	1,461	2,822	6,216	2,017
Management	257,952	195,559	55,294	22.0	25,737	15,059	10,206	372	1,285	2,635	6,012	1,087
Business and financial operations	209,265	142,821	59,222	29.3	23,096	17,845	13,895	450	1,097	2,839	5,745	1,477
Computer, engineering, and science	231,230	153,556	58,790	27.7	14,449	15,028	24,900	403	1,044	2,966	6,808	12,076
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	180,352	127,951	44,490	25.8	20,633	13,792	5,890	527	1,021	2,627	6,727	1,184
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	109,959	70,316	31,635	31.0	11,251	7,700	10,902	155	367	1,260	4,745	3,263
Service occupations	241,749	129,126	101,588	44.0	52,924	35,527	8,243	685	1,838	2,371	8,800	2,235
Sales and related occupations	12,864	8,048	4,378	35.2	2,071	1,467	442	43	94	261	405	33
Office and administrative support	426,556	271,465	139,892	34.0	64,004	50,009	16,113	946	2,729	6,091	12,126	3,073
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	74,438	54,466	17,493	24.3	7,828	6,794	1,403	144	713	611	2,252	227
Production, transportation, and material moving	19,252	12,524	5,929	32.1	3,008	2,007	515	53	157	189	676	123
Males	1,775,229	1,181,379	402,397	25.4	139,551	116,477	114,930	3,964	8,684	18,791	73,909	117,544
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	783,495	559,671	152,256	21.4	41,959	36,799	61,842	1,833	3,404	6,419	36,938	34,630
Instruction	717,740	526,407	139,155	20.9	40,282	34,523	53,484	1,746	3,233	5,887	34,419	17,759
Research	51,862	23,377	9,900	29.8	900	1,504	6,985	30	90	391	2,107	16,478
Public service	13,893	9,887	3,201	24.5	777	772	1,373	57	81	141	412	393
Graduate assistants	196,170	85,735	32,016	27.2	6,176	8,816	13,280	275	449	3,020	9,820	68,599
Librarians, curators, and archivists	12,497	9,883	2,184	18.1	699	738	525	20	51	151	326	104
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	58,236	38,949	16,113	29.3	6,854	5,319	2,382	181	485	892	2,232	942
Management	113,604	88,805	21,449	19.5	9,331	5,965	4,422	187	543	1,001	2,816	534
Business and financial operations	56,441	39,685	14,418	26.6	5,123	4,673	3,493	137	261	731	1,811	527
Computer, engineering, and science	140,811	96,710	32,543	25.2	7,838	9,090	12,925	276	637	1,777	4,183	7,375
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	80,538	58,449	18,274	23.8	9,293	5,293	1,981	248	427	1,032	3,260	555
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	32,443	19,487	9,426	32.6	2,599	2,178	4,099	52	111	387	1,818	1,712
Service occupations	140,537	78,839	55,472	41.3	29,193	19,023	4,442	397	1,094	1,323	5,096	1,130
Sales and related occupations	4,508	2,795	1,556	35.8	730	544	156	12	31	83	144	13
Office and administrative support	71,697	41,220	26,423	39.1	10,725	10,132	3,692	171	417	1,286	2,906	1,148
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	68,395	50,657	15,551	23.5	6,751	6,230	1,247	130	645	548	2,021	166
Production, transportation, and material moving	15,857	10,494	4,716	31.0	2,280	1,677	444	45	129	141	538	109
Females	2,131,011	1,409,867	561,992	28.5	232,738	160,815	124,653	4,728	11,622	27,436	82,350	76,802
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	762,586	538,226	165,131	23.5	63,511	37,683	50,526	1,900	3,799	7,712	38,522	20,707
Instruction	710,131	509,290	152,545	23.0	60,965	35,160	43,904	1,836	3,561	7,119	36,271	12,025
Research	37,119	18,191	8,741	32.5	1,209	1,640	5,297	45	122	428	1,789	8,398
Public service	15,336	10,745	3,845	26.4	1,337	883	1,325	19	116	165	462	284
Graduate assistants	179,034	89,359	36,917	29.2	9,362	10,523	12,273	295	601	3,863	9,432	43,326
Librarians, curators, and archivists	29,496	22,700	5,902	20.6	2,341	1,408	1,515	52	196	390	709	185
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	121,109	80,891	35,159	30.3	16,386	10,778	4,731	358	976	1,930	3,984	1,075
Management	144,348	106,754	33,845	24.1	16,406	9,094	5,784	185	742	1,634	3,196	553
Business and financial operations	152,824	103,136	44,804	30.3	17,973	13,172	10,402	313	836	2,108	3,934	950
Computer, engineering, and science	90,419	56,846	26,247	31.6	6,611	5,938	11,975	127	407	1,189	2,625	4,701
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	99,814	69,502	26,216	27.4	11,340	8,499	3,909	279	594	1,595	3,467	629
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	77,516	50,829	22,209	30.4	8,652	5,522	6,803	103	256	873	2,927	1,551
Service occupations	101,212	50,287	46,116	47.8	23,731	16,504	3,801	288	744	1,048	3,704	1,105
Sales and related occupations	8,356	5,253	2,822	34.9	1,341	923	286	31	63	178	261	20
Office and administrative support	354,859	230,245	113,469	33.0	53,279	39,877	12,421	775	2,312	4,805	9,220	1,925
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	6,043	3,809	1,942	33.8	1,077	564	156	14	68	63	231	61
Production, transportation, and material moving	3,395	2,030	1,213	37.4	728	330	71	8	28	48	138	14
Full-time	2,506,784	1,704,857	666,934	28.1	260,688	192,538	166,595	4,926	13,823	28,364	68,933	66,060
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	813,978	574,515	172,618	23.1	44,466	37,406	78,855	1,149	3,543	7,199	22,370	44,475
Instruction	718,160	525,190	151,595	22.4	41,426	33,687	65,833	1,064	3,267	6,318	18,737	22,638
Research	74,973	34,478	16,075	31.8	1,824	2,597	10,777	62	158	657	3,158	21,262
Public service	20,845	14,847	4,948	25.0	1,216	1,122	2,245	23	118	224	475	575
Graduate assistants	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Librarians, curators, and archivists	35,823	27,938	6,892	19.8	2,537	1,848	1,763	60	206	478	747	246
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	121,389	81,657	35,158	30.1	16,434	10,516	4,713	423	1,013	2,059	3,399	1,175
Management	250,861	190,074	53,988	22.1	25,169	14,755	9,895	363	1,250	2,556	5,754	1,045
Business and financial operations	195,806	133,055	56,229	29.7	22,172	16,891	13,041	424	1,024	2,677	5,188	1,334
Computer, engineering, and science	211,734	141,324	53,458	27.4	13,115	13,328	23,019	362	948	2,686	6,015	10,937
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	145,742	103,045	37,216	26.5	17,257	11,539	4,977	444	837	2,162	4,565	916
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	90,454	57,094	26,892	32.0	9,838	6,626	8,923	128	312	1,065	4,007	2,461
Service occupations	199,415	104,520	87,216	45.5	45,506	30,654	7,068	577	1,535	1,876	5,884	1,795
Sales and related occupations	10,430	6,425	3,693	36.5	1,795	1,257	348	37	72	184	293	19
Office and administrative support	345,310	223,324	112,075	33.4	52,605	39,431	12,242	791	2,284	4,722	8,534	1,377
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	70,038	51,574	16,514	24.3	7,336	6,519	1,304	124	671	560	1,776	174
Production, transportation, and material moving	15,804	10,312	4,985	32.6	2,458	1,768	447	44	128	140	401	106
Part-time	1,399,456	886,389	297,455	25.1	111,601	84,754	72,988	3,766	6,483	17,863	87,326	128,286
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	732,103	523,382	144,769	21.7	61,004	37,076	33,513	2,584	3,660	6,932	53,090	10,862
Instruction	709,711	510,507	140,105	21.5	59,821	35,996	31,555	2,518	3,527	6,688	51,953	7,146
Research	14,008	7,090	2,566	26.6	285	547	1,505	13	54	162	738	3,614
Public service	8,384	5,785	2,098	26.6	898	533	453	53	79	82	399	102
Graduate assistants	375,204	175,094	68,933	28.2	15,538	19,339	25,553	570	1,050	6,883	19,252	111,925
Librarians, curators, and archivists	6,170	4,645	1,194	20.4	503	298	277	12	41	63	288	43
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	57,956	38,183	16,114	29.7	6,806	5,581	2,400	116	448	763	2,817	842
Management	7,091	5,485	1,306	19.2	568	304	311	9	35	79	258	42
Business and financial operations	13,459	9,766	2,993	23.5	924	954	854	26	73	162	557	143
Computer, engineering, and science	19,496	12,232	5,332	30.4	1,334	1,700	1,881	41	96	280	793	1,139
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	34,610	24,906	7,274	22.6	3,376	2,253	913	83	184	465	2,162	268
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	19,505	13,222	4,743	26.4	1,413	1,074	1,979	27	55	195	738	802
Service occupations	42,334	24,606	14,372	36.9	7,418	4,873	1,175	108	303	495	2,916	440
Sales and related occupations	2,434	1,623	685	29.7	276	210	94	6	22	77	112	14
Office and administrative support	81,246	48,141	27,817	36.6	11,399	10,578	3,871	155	445	1,369	3,592	1,696
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	4,400	2,892	979	25.3	492	275	99	20	42	51	476	53
Production, transportation, and material moving	3,448	2,212	944	29.9	550	239	68	9	29	49	275	17
Public 4-year	1,966,008	1,270,752	485,333	27.6	175,044	139,504	133,594	3,549	10,597	23,045	71,438	138,485
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	646,584	449,609	135,272	23.1	35,443	31,260	58,793	1,165	3,093	5,518	26,695	35,008
Instruction	574,950	410,412	121,336	22.8	33,324	28,547	50,676	1,095	2,795	4,899	23,405	19,797
Research	54,926	26,631	10,857	29.0	1,170	1,978	7,024	50	159	476	2,711	14,727
Public service	16,708	12,566	3,079	19.7	949	735	1,093	20	139	143	579	484
Graduate assistants	293,954	139,388	53,806	27.9	12,335	15,556	19,400	473	885	5,157	14,017	86,743
Librarians, curators, and archivists	18,465	14,184	3,720	20.8	1,330	1,074	888	26	127	275	430	131
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	65,568	44,370	18,134	29.0	8,095	5,626	2,697	175	645	896	1,982	1,082
Management	116,241	88,097	25,175	22.2	11,751	6,714	4,796	138	644	1,132	2,349	620
Business and financial operations	123,597	84,172	35,184	29.5	13,150	10,733	8,709	256	720	1,616	3,300	941
Computer, engineering, and science	143,316	96,710	34,132	26.1	7,813	8,790	14,889	211	625	1,804	4,159	8,315
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	87,518	60,416	23,398	27.9	10,327	7,685	3,275	251	547	1,313	3,053	651
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	70,462	45,956	19,090	29.3	6,941	4,390	6,719	85	266	689	3,605	1,811
Service occupations	129,293	67,684	55,309	45.0	29,285	18,473	4,929	287	1,019	1,316	4,977	1,323
Sales and related occupations	2,908	1,976	830	29.6	340	296	110	11	23	50	89	13
Office and administrative support	206,554	133,809	66,395	33.2	31,471	23,338	7,104	360	1,399	2,723	4,730	1,620
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	48,618	35,978	10,932	23.3	4,877	4,122	925	87	493	428	1,560	148
Production, transportation, and material moving	12,930	8,403	3,956	32.0	1,886	1,447	360	24	111	128	492	79
Public 2-year	591,066	413,748	152,376	26.9	65,889	51,535	22,619	2,223	4,732	5,378	20,942	4,000
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	327,655	246,046	65,840	21.1	27,509	19,431	12,821	1,456	2,083	2,540	13,608	2,161
Instruction	323,932	243,647	64,736	21.0	26,849	19,192	12,733	1,410	2,042	2,510	13,458	2,091
Research	110	84	23	21.5	5	7	8	0	2	1	1	2
Public service	3,613	2,315	1,081	31.8	655	232	80	46	39	29	149	68
Graduate assistants	9	5	4	44.4	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	5,245	3,928	1,164	22.9	491	351	218	15	56	33	131	22
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	49,095	31,919	15,451	32.6	6,693	5,706	1,870	132	503	547	1,491	234
Management	31,741	23,166	7,903	25.4	4,141	2,325	817	57	314	249	601	71
Business and financial operations	16,787	10,646	5,650	34.7	2,607	1,885	804	42	145	167	399	92
Computer, engineering, and science	16,111	10,954	4,663	29.9	1,516	1,648	1,106	45	143	205	365	129
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	23,432	15,207	7,357	32.6	3,764	2,393	652	90	198	260	776	92
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	1,480	1,147	233	16.9	91	78	33	4	14	13	95	5
Service occupations	33,525	18,458	13,792	42.8	6,851	5,224	880	128	406	303	932	343
Sales and related occupations	1,824	1,365	419	23.5	159	146	56	3	31	24	37	3
Office and administrative support	76,653	45,641	27,834	37.9	11,179	11,518	3,204	233	720	980	2,360	818
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	6,233	4,437	1,660	27.2	693	677	126	14	102	48	108	28
Production, transportation, and material moving	1,276	829	406	32.9	194	151	31	4	17	9	39	2
Private nonprofit 4-year	1,186,787	808,135	274,859	25.4	105,917	72,345	76,246	2,397	4,015	13,939	52,131	51,662
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	473,226	340,783	88,116	20.5	27,163	17,957	36,416	844	1,480	4,256	26,268	18,059
Instruction	430,588	320,276	77,585	19.5	25,737	16,155	29,662	809	1,428	3,794	24,940	7,787
Research	33,841	14,798	7,712	34.3	924	1,149	5,239	25	40	335	1,184	10,147
Public service	8,797	5,709	2,819	33.1	502	653	1,515	10	12	127	144	125
Graduate assistants	80,870	35,441	15,046	29.8	3,177	3,755	6,138	95	165	1,716	5,221	25,162
Librarians, curators, and archivists	17,080	13,637	2,878	17.4	1,084	631	874	28	55	206	432	133
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	48,014	34,457	10,894	24.0	5,173	2,771	1,903	153	223	671	1,977	686
Management	97,449	75,655	18,862	20.0	8,365	5,021	4,103	141	273	959	2,540	392
Business and financial operations	63,558	44,598	16,663	27.2	6,732	4,682	4,039	130	192	888	1,856	441
Computer, engineering, and science	69,677	44,531	19,317	30.3	4,964	4,343	8,711	140	254	905	2,201	3,628
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	63,934	49,156	11,783	19.3	5,645	3,082	1,796	163	243	854	2,556	439
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	37,717	23,027	12,219	34.7	4,180	3,212	4,124	65	85	553	1,024	1,447
Service occupations	76,470	41,848	31,333	42.8	16,327	11,297	2,364	259	388	698	2,720	569
Sales and related occupations	3,728	2,538	1,037	29.0	420	374	118	15	13	97	138	15
Office and administrative support	131,350	85,565	40,666	32.2	19,600	13,070	5,211	300	519	1,966	4,518	601
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	18,940	13,757	4,577	25.0	2,191	1,772	346	41	97	130	557	49
Production, transportation, and material moving	4,774	3,142	1,468	31.8	896	378	103	23	28	40	123	41
Private nonprofit 2-year	8,761	5,503	2,995	35.2	1,672	731	204	18	194	176	253	10
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	3,646	2,685	859	24.2	502	160	89	9	54	45	97	5
Instruction	3,618	2,677	839	23.9	501	160	89	9	37	43	97	5
Research	19	6	13	68.4	1	0	0	0	11	1	0	0
Public service	9	2	7	77.8	0	0	0	0	6	1	0	0
Graduate assistants	0	0	0	†	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	116	93	21	18.4	7	6	1	0	7	0	2	0
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	2,249	874	1,312	60.0	779	361	42	5	35	90	63	0
Management	865	623	194	23.7	92	56	19	1	18	8	47	1
Business and financial operations	297	198	85	30.0	30	12	19	2	15	7	14	0
Computer, engineering, and science	200	137	55	28.6	14	19	12	0	6	4	8	0
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	276	197	74	27.3	39	20	2	1	7	5	5	0
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	32	24	6	20.0	2	3	1	0	0	0	2	0
Service occupations	269	158	109	40.8	66	23	1	0	16	3	2	0
Sales and related occupations	84	48	36	42.9	17	12	6	0	0	1	0	0
Office and administrative support	642	426	200	31.9	111	44	12	0	20	13	13	3
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	72	31	41	56.9	12	13	0	0	16	0	0	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	13	9	3	25.0	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	1
Private for-profit 4-year	121,800	75,412	36,289	32.5	17,450	9,435	5,722	381	600	2,701	9,976	123
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	76,847	48,404	20,653	29.9	11,158	4,105	3,540	199	383	1,268	7,725	65
Instruction	76,704	48,335	20,581	29.9	11,147	4,068	3,522	199	382	1,263	7,723	65
Research	51	38	13	25.5	3	2	8	0	0	0	0	0
Public service	92	31	59	65.6	8	35	10	0	1	5	2	0
Graduate assistants	371	260	77	22.8	25	26	14	2	0	10	14	20
Librarians, curators, and archivists	800	551	213	27.9	88	58	43	0	1	23	34	2
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	11,844	6,870	4,338	38.7	2,040	1,158	488	58	48	546	632	4
Management	8,386	5,981	2,057	25.6	830	616	359	26	22	204	345	3
Business and financial operations	3,981	2,657	1,169	30.6	392	360	275	18	21	103	155	0
Computer, engineering, and science	1,679	1,068	540	33.6	127	188	168	5	14	38	69	2
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	4,371	2,656	1,453	35.4	622	493	144	19	20	155	261	1
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	149	102	39	27.7	7	7	21	1	2	1	8	0
Service occupations	1,572	635	785	55.3	316	381	45	7	8	28	152	0
Sales and related occupations	2,896	1,427	1,362	48.8	758	402	116	10	22	54	105	2
Office and administrative support	8,274	4,518	3,303	42.2	1,035	1,438	484	32	54	260	429	24
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	388	152	211	58.1	22	176	5	2	4	2	25	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	242	131	89	40.5	30	27	20	2	1	9	22	0
Private for-profit 2-year	31,818	17,696	12,537	41.5	6,317	3,742	1,198	124	168	988	1,519	66
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	18,123	10,370	6,647	39.1	3,695	1,569	709	60	110	504	1,067	39
Instruction	18,079	10,350	6,623	39.0	3,689	1,561	706	60	110	497	1,067	39
Research	34	11	23	67.6	6	8	3	0	0	6	0	0
Public service	10	9	1	10.0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
Graduate assistants	0	0	0	†	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	287	190	90	32.1	40	26	16	3	1	4	6	1
Student and academic affairs and other education    services	2,575	1,350	1,143	45.8	460	475	113	16	7	72	71	11
Management	3,270	2,037	1,103	35.1	558	327	112	9	14	83	130	0
Business and financial operations	1,045	550	471	46.1	185	173	49	2	4	58	21	3
Computer, engineering, and science	247	156	83	34.7	15	40	14	2	2	10	6	2
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,    entertainment, sports, and media	821	319	425	57.1	236	119	21	3	6	40	76	1
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	119	60	48	44.4	30	10	4	0	0	4	11	0
Service occupations	620	343	260	43.1	79	129	24	4	1	23	17	0
Sales and related occupations	1,424	694	694	50.0	377	237	36	4	5	35	36	0
Office and administrative support	3,083	1,506	1,494	49.8	608	601	98	21	17	149	76	7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	187	111	72	39.3	33	34	1	0	1	3	2	2
Production, transportation, and material moving	17	10	7	41.2	1	2	1	0	0	3	0	0

†Not applicable.

1 Combined total of staff who were Black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, and of Two or more races as a percentage of total staff, excluding race/ethnicity unknown and nonresident alien.

2 Race/ethnicity not collected.

NOTE: Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2017, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section. (This table was prepared May 2019.)