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| Table 332.10. | Amount borrowed, aid status, and sources of aid for full-time, full-year postbaccalaureate students, by level of study and control and level of institution: Selected years, 1992-93 through 2011-12 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level of study, control and level of institution |
Cumulative borrowing for undergraduate and graduate education1 | Aid status (percent of students) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nonaided | Source of aid | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percent who borrowed | Average amount for those who borrowed | Any aid2 | Federal3 | State | Institu-tional | Employer | ||||||||||||||
| Current dollars | Constant 2014-15 dollars4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |||||||||||
| 1992-93, all institutions | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 30.7 | (1.43) | 69.3 | (1.43) | 44.3 | (1.42) | 6.9 | (0.64) | 40.6 | (2.02) | 5.3 | (0.59) | ||
| Master's degree | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 35.5 | (2.54) | 64.5 | (2.54) | 33.8 | (1.91) | 5.8 | (0.79) | 42.4 | (2.97) | 8.3 | (1.01) | ||
| Public | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 32.7 | (2.40) | 67.3 | (2.40) | 33.9 | (2.04) | 7.8 | (1.10) | 44.1 | (2.68) | 7.6 | (1.24) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 32.4 | (2.59) | 67.6 | (2.59) | 32.4 | (2.23) | 6.7 | (0.96) | 46.4 | (3.19) | 7.7 | (1.28) | ||
| Other 4-year | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 34.6 | (4.38) | 65.4 | (4.38) | 42.5 | (5.30) | 14.4 | (4.13) | 30.5 | (3.67) | 6.8 | (2.66) | ||
| Private | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 39.2 | (4.74) | 60.8 | (4.74) | 33.7 | (3.62) | 3.2 | (0.89) | 40.2 | (6.34) | 9.4 | (1.88) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 37.4 | (4.70) | 62.6 | (4.70) | 34.2 | (4.09) | 2.9 | (1.00) | 42.9 | (6.75) | 8.9 | (1.88) | ||
| Other 4-year | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 50.5 | (10.60) | 49.5 | (10.60) | 30.5 | (7.06) | 5.1 | (2.98) | 22.8 | (9.39) | 12.1 | (6.81) | ||
| Doctor's degree | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 30.1 | (2.32) | 69.9 | (2.32) | 28.3 | (2.14) | 4.4 | (0.71) | 51.6 | (2.70) | 3.0 | (0.79) | ||
| Public | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 29.9 | (2.99) | 70.1 | (2.99) | 22.3 | (2.26) | 6.5 | (1.14) | 55.5 | (3.01) | 3.9 | (1.00) | ||
| Private | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 30.4 | (3.27) | 69.6 | (3.27) | 37.8 | (3.54) | 1.1 | (0.73) | 45.5 | (3.52) | 1.7 | (1.19) | ||
| First-professional | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 22.6 | (0.96) | 77.4 | (0.96) | 68.2 | (1.54) | 9.9 | (1.34) | 37.0 | (1.81) | 2.3 | (0.52) | ||
| Public | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 20.4 | (1.02) | 79.6 | (1.02) | 72.5 | (1.29) | 13.4 | (1.75) | 37.7 | (1.67) | 2.3 | (0.59) | ||
| Private | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 24.6 | (1.66) | 75.4 | (1.66) | 64.2 | (2.42) | 6.8 | (1.19) | 36.4 | (3.29) | 2.3 | (0.70) | ||
| Other graduate | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 38.3 | (6.82) | 61.7 | (6.82) | 42.1 | (4.26) | 6.6 | (1.81) | 23.0 | (4.05) | 6.0 | (2.98) | ||
| 1999-2000, all institutions | 69.4 | (0.74) | $41,920 | (863) | $58,610 | (1,207) | 18.3 | (0.66) | 81.7 | (0.66) | 52.5 | (0.76) | 6.0 | (0.60) | 49.7 | (1.03) | 6.0 | (0.57) | ||
| Master's degree | 68.3 | (1.12) | 31,930 | (1,097) | 44,640 | (1,534) | 20.6 | (1.15) | 79.4 | (1.15) | 50.6 | (1.23) | 5.1 | (0.66) | 45.4 | (1.61) | 9.2 | (1.03) | ||
| Public | 63.2 | (1.60) | 28,070 | (1,079) | 39,240 | (1,508) | 22.3 | (1.52) | 77.7 | (1.52) | 44.8 | (1.82) | 7.3 | (1.14) | 49.8 | (2.16) | 7.0 | (1.04) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | 62.5 | (1.56) | 27,510 | (1,234) | 38,460 | (1,725) | 20.2 | (1.46) | 79.8 | (1.46) | 43.3 | (1.71) | 7.0 | (1.31) | 54.3 | (2.02) | 7.3 | (1.20) | ||
| Other 4-year | 70.9 | (6.04) | 31,920 | (2,822) | 44,630 | (3,946) | 29.9 | (5.08) | 70.1 | (5.08) | 54.7 | (6.88) | 10.2 | ! | (3.32) | 27.4 | (6.85) | 5.1 | ! | (1.79) |
| Private | 74.4 | (1.55) | 35,890 | (1,855) | 50,180 | (2,593) | 18.6 | (1.59) | 81.4 | (1.59) | 57.8 | (1.88) | 2.5 | (0.63) | 40.2 | (2.63) | 11.8 | (1.89) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | 73.3 | (1.76) | 38,420 | (2,521) | 53,710 | (3,525) | 17.1 | (1.93) | 82.9 | (1.93) | 58.3 | (2.36) | 2.9 | ! | (0.90) | 50.5 | (3.22) | 8.3 | (1.31) | |
| Other5 | 76.9 | (3.74) | 30,770 | (1,850) | 43,020 | (2,586) | 21.8 | (2.75) | 78.2 | (2.75) | 56.6 | (4.41) | ‡ | (†) | 18.1 | (3.91) | 19.1 | (5.24) | ||
| Doctor's degree | 56.8 | (1.95) | 38,990 | (3,421) | 54,510 | (4,782) | 12.0 | (1.38) | 88.0 | (1.38) | 29.6 | (2.80) | 2.6 | (0.54) | 77.4 | (1.65) | 5.4 | (0.64) | ||
| Public | 54.5 | (1.92) | 33,600 | (1,564) | 46,970 | (2,187) | 11.4 | (1.38) | 88.6 | (1.38) | 26.1 | (1.86) | 3.2 | (0.75) | 80.0 | (1.59) | 7.3 | (0.88) | ||
| Private | 60.5 | (3.62) | 46,680 | (7,288) | 65,260 | (10,190) | 13.0 | (2.80) | 87.0 | (2.80) | 35.2 | (6.26) | ‡ | (†) | 73.2 | (3.22) | 2.3 | (0.55) | ||
| First-professional | 85.1 | (1.14) | 60,860 | (1,713) | 85,080 | (2,395) | 13.4 | (1.18) | 86.6 | (1.18) | 77.1 | (1.29) | 9.9 | (1.65) | 41.4 | (2.40) | 1.7 | ! | (0.53) | |
| Public | 86.8 | (1.70) | 52,790 | (1,954) | 73,800 | (2,732) | 13.8 | (1.82) | 86.2 | (1.82) | 78.3 | (2.13) | 12.7 | (2.57) | 38.9 | (2.84) | 1.8 | ! | (0.87) | |
| Private | 83.6 | (1.63) | 67,820 | (3,213) | 94,820 | (4,492) | 13.1 | (1.49) | 86.9 | (1.49) | 76.1 | (1.84) | 7.5 | (2.11) | 43.4 | (3.65) | 1.7 | ! | (0.66) | |
| Other graduate | 57.5 | (3.81) | 27,840 | (2,036) | 38,920 | (2,847) | 39.3 | (3.68) | 60.7 | (3.68) | 44.9 | (3.72) | 8.1 | (2.37) | 25.3 | (3.22) | 2.8 | ! | (1.20) | |
| 2007-08, all institutions | 71.3 | (1.04) | $55,110 | (993) | $61,610 | (1,110) | 13.1 | (0.80) | 86.9 | (0.80) | 56.6 | (1.18) | 3.8 | (0.28) | 43.9 | (1.17) | 11.6 | (0.93) | ||
| Master's degree | 71.8 | (1.77) | 43,250 | (1,374) | 48,350 | (1,536) | 15.6 | (1.34) | 84.4 | (1.34) | 55.5 | (1.93) | 2.9 | (0.40) | 35.5 | (1.48) | 16.3 | (1.76) | ||
| Public | 66.5 | (1.79) | 37,770 | (1,473) | 42,230 | (1,647) | 13.3 | (1.27) | 86.7 | (1.27) | 50.7 | (1.91) | 4.1 | (0.83) | 52.2 | (2.40) | 13.4 | (1.49) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | 65.1 | (1.95) | 38,450 | (1,644) | 42,990 | (1,838) | 12.1 | (1.34) | 87.9 | (1.34) | 50.1 | (2.07) | 4.2 | (0.93) | 56.0 | (2.62) | 14.5 | (1.68) | ||
| Other 4-year | 77.1 | (4.81) | 33,440 | (2,285) | 37,380 | (2,555) | 22.7 | (3.92) | 77.3 | (3.92) | 55.6 | (5.96) | ‡ | (†) | 23.5 | (4.89) | 5.1 | ! | (1.92) | |
| Private | 75.5 | (2.58) | 46,590 | (1,974) | 52,090 | (2,206) | 17.2 | (1.96) | 82.8 | (1.96) | 58.8 | (2.81) | 2.0 | (0.35) | 24.0 | (1.59) | 18.3 | (2.79) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | 71.4 | (1.85) | 46,510 | (1,654) | 52,000 | (1,849) | 19.1 | (1.45) | 80.9 | (1.45) | 55.1 | (1.51) | 2.4 | (0.50) | 36.0 | (2.46) | 14.4 | (1.17) | ||
| Other5 | 80.8 | (5.13) | 46,670 | (3,671) | 52,180 | (4,104) | 14.8 | (3.91) | 85.2 | (3.91) | 63.6 | (5.96) | 1.6 | (0.43) | 8.4 | (1.44) | 23.4 | (6.23) | ||
| Doctor's degree | 59.8 | (1.73) | 55,200 | (2,108) | 61,710 | (2,357) | 7.1 | (0.88) | 92.9 | (0.88) | 38.4 | (2.18) | 2.9 | (0.41) | 70.7 | (3.03) | 7.9 | (0.79) | ||
| Public | 52.3 | (2.17) | 44,190 | (1,604) | 49,400 | (1,793) | 7.9 | (1.48) | 92.1 | (1.48) | 29.7 | (1.80) | 3.6 | (0.65) | 81.1 | (1.89) | 7.7 | (0.93) | ||
| Private | 67.8 | (2.41) | 64,120 | (3,123) | 71,680 | (3,492) | 6.2 | (1.08) | 93.8 | (1.08) | 47.6 | (3.43) | 2.2 | ! | (0.65) | 59.8 | (5.02) | 8.0 | (1.36) | |
| First-professional | 84.9 | (1.29) | 81,400 | (1,782) | 91,000 | (1,992) | 11.5 | (1.12) | 88.5 | (1.12) | 81.7 | (1.35) | 7.5 | (0.83) | 35.7 | (1.89) | 4.6 | (0.75) | ||
| Public | 84.4 | (1.96) | 73,230 | (2,717) | 81,870 | (3,038) | 11.5 | (1.65) | 88.5 | (1.65) | 81.8 | (2.12) | 10.6 | (1.46) | 34.0 | (2.67) | 4.9 | (1.44) | ||
| Private | 85.4 | (1.57) | 87,800 | (2,183) | 98,160 | (2,441) | 11.5 | (1.46) | 88.5 | (1.46) | 81.5 | (1.67) | 5.1 | (0.85) | 37.0 | (2.56) | 4.4 | (0.72) | ||
| Other graduate | 62.4 | (6.48) | 43,740 | (3,904) | 48,900 | (4,365) | 30.8 | (6.54) | 69.2 | (6.54) | 51.0 | (6.62) | ‡ | (†) | 25.5 | (5.78) | 6.2 | ! | (2.33) | |
| 2011-12, all institutions | 73.3 | (0.90) | $74,710 | (996) | $77,700 | (1,036) | 13.9 | (0.77) | 86.1 | (0.77) | 62.3 | (0.93) | 2.4 | (0.34) | 42.2 | (1.19) | 10.2 | (0.48) | ||
| Master's degree | 73.5 | (1.45) | 58,590 | (1,142) | 60,940 | (1,188) | 17.4 | (1.28) | 82.6 | (1.28) | 63.0 | (1.44) | 1.8 | (0.35) | 35.1 | (1.53) | 8.8 | (0.70) | ||
| Public | 71.8 | (2.24) | 50,200 | (1,816) | 52,210 | (1,889) | 16.2 | (1.84) | 83.8 | (1.84) | 58.2 | (2.41) | 3.7 | (0.80) | 45.6 | (2.35) | 10.3 | (1.17) | ||
| 4-year doctoral | 70.7 | (2.41) | 50,620 | (2,015) | 52,650 | (2,095) | 16.3 | (2.03) | 83.7 | (2.03) | 57.0 | (2.60) | 4.0 | (0.89) | 47.1 | (2.56) | 10.8 | (1.28) | ||
| Other 4-year | 82.2 | (3.71) | 46,900 | (2,538) | 48,780 | (2,640) | 15.4 | (4.13) | 84.6 | (4.13) | 69.5 | (5.18) | ‡ | (†) | 31.2 | (3.46) | 5.9 | (1.68) | ||
| Private | 74.8 | (1.95) | 64,510 | (1,456) | 67,090 | (1,514) | 18.2 | (1.80) | 81.8 | (1.80) | 66.5 | (2.13) | 0.4 | ! | (0.19) | 27.5 | (2.09) | 7.8 | (0.88) | |
| 4-year doctoral | 70.1 | (2.41) | 67,130 | (2,165) | 69,820 | (2,252) | 19.6 | (2.06) | 80.4 | (2.06) | 59.5 | (2.45) | ‡ | (†) | 35.2 | (2.96) | 7.8 | (1.23) | ||
| Other5 | 81.8 | (3.20) | 61,140 | (1,816) | 63,590 | (1,889) | 16.1 | (3.09) | 83.9 | (3.09) | 77.0 | (3.66) | ‡ | (†) | 15.9 | (2.70) | 7.6 | (1.04) | ||
| Doctor's degree--research/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| scholarship | 50.5 | (1.42) | 65,090 | (2,343) | 67,700 | (2,437) | 6.6 | (0.73) | 93.4 | (0.73) | 27.8 | (1.19) | 1.5 | ! | (0.49) | 79.8 | (1.27) | 24.0 | (1.25) | |
| Public | 47.9 | (2.23) | 55,500 | (2,291) | 57,720 | (2,383) | 5.9 | (1.04) | 94.1 | (1.04) | 24.2 | (1.41) | 2.1 | ! | (0.78) | 87.2 | (1.59) | 27.0 | (1.93) | |
| Private | 54.0 | (1.86) | 76,180 | (4,351) | 79,230 | (4,525) | 7.5 | (1.07) | 92.5 | (1.07) | 32.3 | (2.30) | ‡ | (†) | 70.1 | (2.28) | 20.1 | (1.06) | ||
| Doctor’s degree--professional | ||||||||||||||||||||
| practice and other6 | 88.3 | (0.90) | 110,570 | (1,848) | 115,000 | (1,922) | 9.3 | (0.88) | 90.7 | (0.88) | 84.4 | (1.03) | 4.5 | (0.96) | 35.1 | (1.66) | 4.4 | (0.51) | ||
| Public | 88.3 | (1.00) | 102,220 | (2,726) | 106,310 | (2,835) | 8.9 | (1.09) | 91.1 | (1.09) | 84.4 | (1.31) | 8.1 | (2.27) | 40.6 | (2.51) | 5.4 | (0.82) | ||
| Private | 88.3 | (1.28) | 116,000 | (2,490) | 120,640 | (2,589) | 9.6 | (1.22) | 90.4 | (1.22) | 84.4 | (1.50) | 2.2 | (0.53) | 31.5 | (2.19) | 3.7 | (0.62) | ||
| Other graduate | 74.9 | (6.28) | 57,540 | (5,456) | 59,840 | (5,674) | 29.1 | (6.46) | 70.9 | (6.46) | 61.4 | (7.24) | ‡ | (†) | 16.9 | (4.78) | 5.5 | ! | (2.47) | |
| —Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| !Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Includes all loans ever taken out for both graduate and undergraduate education. Does not include Parent Loans for Undergraduate Students (PLUS) or loans from families and friends. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid but did not specify the source of aid. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Includes Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense benefits. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Includes nonprofit 4-year nondoctoral institutions and for-profit 2-year-and-above institutions. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 Professional practice doctor's degrees include most degrees formerly classified as first-professional (such as M.D., D.D.S., and J.D.). "Other" doctor’s degrees are those that are neither research/scholarship degrees nor professional practice degrees. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Total includes some students whose level of study or control of institution was unknown. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. Data exclude Puerto Rico. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992-93, 1999-2000, 2007-08, and 2011-12 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:2000, NPSAS:08, and NPSAS:12). (This table was prepared September 2015.) |