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| 2011 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 391. | Federal obligations for research, development, and R&D plant, by category of obligation, performers, and fields of science: Fiscal years 2002 through 2010 |
| [In millions of current dollars] | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category of obligation, performers, and fields of science | Actual | Estimated | ||||||||
| 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | Percent change, 2009 to 2010 | |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| Total obligations for research, development, and R&D plant |
$90,157.7 | $97,927.9 | $105,370.7 | $112,994.6 | $112,270.6 | $129,431.2 | $129,049.5 | $123,243.0 | $118,559.4 | -3.8 |
| Research and development obligations | 85,853.0 | 93,661.3 | 101,376.5 | 109,223.5 | 110,145.8 | 127,262.9 | 127,105.7 | 119,730.6 | 116,274.5 | -2.9 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 21,044.8 | 22,861.6 | 22,423.2 | 24,125.4 | 25,563.2 | 29,932.5 | 29,637.9 | 28,354.1 | 29,935.5 | 5.6 |
| Industrial firms | 29,538.2 | 33,852.7 | 39,214.6 | 44,112.5 | 44,152.9 | 55,342.3 | 56,337.6 | 46,444.9 | 42,817.7 | -7.8 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 1,351.1 | 1,507.6 | 1,543.1 | 1,612.1 | 1,421.9 | 2,691.6 | 4,119.9 | 2,572.3 | 2,410.3 | -6.3 |
| Universities and colleges | 21,290.1 | 22,693.5 | 24,169.7 | 24,841.5 | 24,336.3 | 25,547.8 | 26,026.5 | 28,867.1 | 27,810.8 | -3.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 4,641.2 | 4,754.2 | 5,400.9 | 5,686.1 | 5,439.1 | 4,171.2 | 1,988.6 | 3,931.1 | 3,910.9 | -0.5 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 5,739.1 | 5,706.7 | 5,623.7 | 5,910.0 | 6,000.1 | 5,984.4 | 5,965.0 | 6,316.5 | 6,182.1 | -2.1 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 1,404.8 | 1,352.8 | 1,443.2 | 1,649.2 | 1,816.0 | 2,520.3 | 2,083.0 | 2,260.6 | 2,275.7 | 0.7 |
| State and local governments | 452.2 | 400.0 | 880.1 | 660.8 | 619.6 | 362.0 | 389.0 | 431.9 | 385.7 | -10.7 |
| Foreign | 391.6 | 532.4 | 677.9 | 625.8 | 796.7 | 710.6 | 558.1 | 551.9 | 545.8 | -1.1 |
| Research obligations | 48,006.7 | 51,071.8 | 53,357.8 | 53,738.2 | 53,535.7 | 54,093.6 | 53,893.7 | 59,429.9 | 58,354.8 | -1.8 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 11,857.4 | 12,419.6 | 12,085.2 | 12,349.9 | 12,261.6 | 11,816.4 | 11,921.7 | 12,839.1 | 13,222.5 | 3.0 |
| Industrial firms | 5,786.8 | 6,042.4 | 6,782.7 | 6,456.4 | 6,436.3 | 6,074.2 | 5,782.4 | 6,692.9 | 6,164.1 | -7.9 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 937.3 | 1,103.5 | 1,131.6 | 1,082.0 | 947.9 | 1,863.0 | 2,929.7 | 1,591.8 | 1,782.0 | 12.0 |
| Universities and colleges | 20,285.4 | 21,676.5 | 22,699.1 | 23,156.0 | 22,809.4 | 23,966.9 | 24,323.2 | 27,231.6 | 26,222.3 | -3.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 3,219.4 | 3,272.6 | 3,687.3 | 3,743.4 | 3,783.0 | 2,942.4 | 1,623.1 | 3,123.0 | 3,130.9 | 0.3 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 4,723.0 | 5,196.3 | 5,216.4 | 5,295.8 | 5,448.9 | 5,416.7 | 5,397.5 | 5,863.7 | 5,729.5 | -2.3 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 749.6 | 779.0 | 795.5 | 907.8 | 1,028.6 | 1,283.0 | 1,205.7 | 1,331.1 | 1,370.1 | 2.9 |
| State and local governments | 275.5 | 305.8 | 532.9 | 376.8 | 417.9 | 297.6 | 338.8 | 355.9 | 337.5 | -5.2 |
| Foreign | 172.3 | 276.1 | 427.0 | 370.2 | 402.1 | 433.3 | 371.5 | 400.9 | 396.0 | -1.2 |
| Fields of science | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 25,476.8 | 27,772.2 | 27,728.5 | 28,127.8 | 27,927.7 | 29,463.6 | 28,918.8 | 30,466.4 | 30,636.9 | 0.6 |
| Psychology | 905.9 | 1,104.4 | 1,854.9 | 1,891.8 | 1,747.3 | 1,837.9 | 1,740.8 | 1,842.3 | 1,875.6 | 1.8 |
| Physical sciences | 4,983.2 | 5,021.6 | 5,211.1 | 5,493.7 | 5,351.1 | 5,136.1 | 5,072.6 | 6,070.9 | 5,788.4 | -4.7 |
| Environmental sciences | 3,418.3 | 3,740.9 | 3,741.6 | 3,502.6 | 3,430.6 | 3,170.5 | 2,984.6 | 3,646.2 | 3,385.6 | -7.1 |
| Mathematics and computer sciences | 2,630.7 | 1,104.4 | 2,949.4 | 2,983.4 | 2,814.9 | 2,945.7 | 3,047.3 | 3,707.0 | 3,364.1 | -9.2 |
| Engineering | 8,274.9 | 8,405.1 | 8,866.4 | 8,552.9 | 8,678.7 | 8,989.7 | 8,975.5 | 9,872.5 | 9,589.1 | -2.9 |
| Social sciences | 1,038.5 | 1,025.8 | 1,089.6 | 1,097.1 | 1,123.9 | 1,147.1 | 977.0 | 1,260.8 | 1,278.7 | 1.4 |
| Other sciences | 1,278.4 | 1,329.3 | 1,916.3 | 2,088.9 | 2,461.3 | 1,403.1 | 2,177.1 | 2,564.0 | 2,436.3 | -5.0 |
| Basic research obligations | 23,668.3 | 24,751.4 | 26,120.7 | 27,140.3 | 26,584.6 | 26,865.8 | 27,154.0 | 30,935.4 | 29,847.6 | -3.5 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 4,460.0 | 4,662.1 | 4,671.6 | 4,772.7 | 4,763.9 | 4,572.2 | 4,767.5 | 5,106.6 | 5,127.4 | 0.4 |
| Industrial firms | 1,231.9 | 1,279.6 | 1,969.4 | 2,051.0 | 1,858.9 | 1,736.2 | 1,545.4 | 1,852.5 | 1,712.8 | -7.5 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 239.6 | 312.8 | 292.2 | 270.1 | 220.4 | 341.3 | 574.9 | 507.9 | 574.6 | 13.1 |
| Universities and colleges | 12,668.2 | 13,151.8 | 13,398.5 | 13,989.9 | 13,657.6 | 14,220.3 | 14,645.7 | 17,108.1 | 16,118.1 | -5.8 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges |
1,805.2 | 1,827.8 | 2,005.8 | 2,021.2 | 2,096.8 | 1,982.8 | 1,484.3 | 1,786.5 | 1,856.5 | 3.9 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 2,531.7 | 2,703.9 | 2,746.1 | 2,914.2 | 2,867.4 | 2,793.8 | 2,935.2 | 3,237.9 | 3,086.6 | -4.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 563.4 | 582.1 | 606.8 | 670.7 | 755.8 | 889.5 | 915.8 | 1,030.6 | 1,075.5 | 4.4 |
| State and local governments | 71.5 | 85.4 | 197.9 | 235.9 | 152.7 | 101.3 | 75.9 | 88.8 | 82.1 | -7.5 |
| Foreign | 96.8 | 146.1 | 232.3 | 214.6 | 211.2 | 228.4 | 209.1 | 216.6 | 214.0 | -1.2 |
| Fields of science | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 14,024.1 | 14,765.3 | 14,490.0 | 15,247.6 | 14,934.4 | 15,643.5 | 15,557.4 | 16,468.3 | 16,454.8 | -0.1 |
| Psychology | 464.6 | 543.8 | 979.2 | 1,040.1 | 944.9 | 978.8 | 936.0 | 980.3 | 988.6 | 0.8 |
| Physical sciences | 3,405.9 | 3,454.0 | 3,662.6 | 3,738.7 | 3,515.5 | 3,544.5 | 3,403.1 | 4,284.4 | 4,024.5 | -6.1 |
| Environmental sciences | 1,833.3 | 1,899.5 | 2,022.9 | 1,966.1 | 1,849.5 | 1,727.8 | 1,593.1 | 2,128.4 | 1,891.0 | -11.2 |
| Mathematics and computer sciences | 998.7 | 1,120.2 | 1,239.1 | 1,228.4 | 1,208.2 | 1,293.5 | 1,407.4 | 1,876.3 | 1,641.4 | -12.5 |
| Engineering | 1,864.9 | 1,913.1 | 2,271.7 | 2,300.5 | 2,364.6 | 2,629.9 | 2,736.0 | 3,200.4 | 3,027.1 | -5.4 |
| Social sciences | 361.7 | 352.8 | 419.3 | 391.4 | 381.0 | 361.3 | 330.0 | 442.1 | 386.8 | -12.5 |
| Other sciences | 715.2 | 702.7 | 1,035.9 | 1,227.5 | 1,386.5 | 686.4 | 1,190.9 | 1,555.2 | 1,433.3 | -7.8 |
| Applied research obligations | 24,338.4 | 26,320.4 | 27,237.1 | 26,597.9 | 26,951.1 | 27,227.8 | 26,739.7 | 28,494.5 | 28,507.2 | # |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 7,397.4 | 7,757.5 | 7,413.6 | 7,577.2 | 7,498.0 | 7,244.2 | 7,154.2 | 7,732.5 | 8,095.1 | 4.7 |
| Industrial firms | 4,554.9 | 4,762.8 | 4,813.3 | 4,405.4 | 4,577.4 | 4,338.0 | 4,237.0 | 4,840.4 | 4,451.3 | -8.0 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 697.7 | 790.7 | 839.3 | 811.9 | 727.5 | 1,521.6 | 2,354.8 | 1,083.9 | 1,207.4 | 11.4 |
| Universities and colleges | 7,617.2 | 8,524.7 | 9,300.6 | 9,166.1 | 9,151.8 | 9,746.6 | 9,677.5 | 10,123.4 | 10,104.2 | -0.2 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges |
1,414.1 | 1,444.8 | 1,681.6 | 1,722.2 | 1,686.2 | 959.6 | 138.5 | 1,336.5 | 1,274.4 | -4.6 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 2,191.3 | 2,492.5 | 2,470.3 | 2,381.6 | 2,581.5 | 2,622.9 | 2,462.3 | 2,625.8 | 2,642.8 | 0.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 186.2 | 197.0 | 188.7 | 237.1 | 272.8 | 393.5 | 289.9 | 300.5 | 294.6 | -2.0 |
| State and local governments | 204.0 | 220.4 | 335.0 | 140.9 | 265.1 | 196.3 | 262.9 | 267.1 | 255.3 | -4.4 |
| Foreign | 75.6 | 130.0 | 194.7 | 155.6 | 190.9 | 205.0 | 162.4 | 184.3 | 182.1 | -1.2 |
| Fields of science | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 11,452.7 | 13,007.0 | 13,238.5 | 12,880.2 | 12,993.3 | 13,820.1 | 13,361.5 | 13,998.1 | 14,182.1 | 1.3 |
| Psychology | 441.3 | 560.6 | 875.6 | 851.6 | 802.4 | 859.1 | 804.8 | 861.9 | 887.0 | 2.9 |
| Physical sciences | 1,577.4 | 1,567.6 | 1,548.6 | 1,755.0 | 1,835.6 | 1,591.6 | 1,669.5 | 1,786.5 | 1,763.9 | -1.3 |
| Environmental sciences | 1,585.0 | 1,841.4 | 1,718.7 | 1,536.5 | 1,581.1 | 1,442.7 | 1,391.5 | 1,517.8 | 1,494.7 | -1.5 |
| Mathematics and computer sciences | 1,632.0 | 1,552.2 | 1,710.3 | 1,754.9 | 1,606.7 | 1,652.1 | 1,639.8 | 1,830.7 | 1,722.7 | -5.9 |
| Engineering | 6,410.0 | 6,492.0 | 6,594.7 | 6,252.5 | 6,314.2 | 6,359.8 | 6,239.5 | 6,672.0 | 6,562.0 | -1.6 |
| Social sciences | 676.9 | 673.0 | 670.3 | 705.8 | 742.9 | 785.9 | 647.0 | 818.7 | 891.9 | 8.9 |
| Other sciences | 563.3 | 626.6 | 880.5 | 861.4 | 1,074.9 | 716.7 | 986.2 | 1,008.8 | 1,003.0 | -0.6 |
| Development obligations | 37,846.3 | 42,589.5 | 48,018.7 | 55,485.3 | 56,610.2 | 73,169.3 | 73,212.0 | 60,300.7 | 57,919.7 | -3.9 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 9,187.4 | 10,442.0 | 10,338.0 | 11,775.5 | 13,301.6 | 18,116.1 | 17,716.1 | 15,515.0 | 16,713.0 | 7.7 |
| Industrial firms | 23,751.4 | 27,810.3 | 32,431.8 | 37,656.1 | 37,716.6 | 49,268.1 | 50,555.2 | 39,752.1 | 36,653.6 | -7.8 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 413.7 | 404.1 | 411.6 | 530.1 | 474.0 | 828.6 | 1,190.2 | 980.6 | 628.3 | -35.9 |
| Universities and colleges | 1,004.7 | 1,017.0 | 1,470.6 | 1,685.6 | 1,526.9 | 1,580.9 | 1,703.3 | 1,635.6 | 1,588.6 | -2.9 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 1,421.8 | 1,481.6 | 1,713.5 | 1,942.8 | 1,656.1 | 1,228.8 | 365.5 | 808.2 | 780.0 | -3.5 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 1,016.1 | 510.3 | 407.4 | 614.1 | 551.2 | 567.7 | 567.5 | 452.8 | 452.6 | # |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 655.2 | 573.7 | 647.7 | 741.5 | 787.4 | 1,237.3 | 877.3 | 929.5 | 905.8 | -2.6 |
| State and local governments | 176.7 | 94.1 | 347.2 | 284.1 | 201.7 | 64.4 | 50.2 | 76.0 | 48.2 | -36.6 |
| Foreign | 219.2 | 256.3 | 250.9 | 255.6 | 394.6 | 277.3 | 186.6 | 151.0 | 149.8 | -0.8 |
| R&D plant obligations | 4,304.7 | 4,266.5 | 3,994.2 | 3,771.1 | 2,124.8 | 2,168.4 | 1,943.9 | 3,512.4 | 2,284.9 | -34.9 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 414.8 | 609.7 | 961.3 | 859.3 | 662.8 | 593.4 | 494.0 | 1,070.5 | 642.3 | -40.0 |
| Industrial firms | 2,524.9 | 1,817.0 | 1,442.0 | 1,381.4 | 265.8 | 401.4 | 449.0 | 565.1 | 476.5 | -15.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 109.1 | 145.7 | 188.3 | 125.7 | 82.7 | 27.6 | 175.6 | 52.8 | 46.9 | -11.2 |
| Universities and colleges | 241.1 | 686.9 | 354.3 | 423.0 | 262.5 | 265.6 | 210.2 | 658.5 | 260.9 | -60.4 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 583.3 | 578.4 | 603.9 | 558.3 | 519.3 | 498.4 | 334.4 | 676.6 | 423.5 | -37.4 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 29.1 | 70.7 | 164.5 | 134.6 | 127.3 | 79.7 | 23.7 | 69.8 | 26.1 | -62.6 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 388.8 | 333.9 | 252.4 | 218.0 | 201.6 | 296.2 | 253.8 | 410.0 | 405.5 | -1.1 |
| State and local governments | 2.0 | 0.8 | 15.8 | 55.2 | 2.6 | # | # | # | # | # |
| Foreign | 11.7 | 23.4 | 11.7 | 15.6 | 0.3 | 6.1 | 3.1 | 9.1 | 3.1 | -65.9 |
| #Rounds to zero. | ||||||||||
| 1 Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance. | ||||||||||
| 2 Federally funded research and development centers. | ||||||||||
| NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Totals do not include the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. | ||||||||||
| SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, 2002 through 2010. (This table was prepared August 2011.) |
