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Digest of Education Statistics
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES  

LIST OF 2001 DIGEST TABLES

Tables   Figures
 Chapter 1.  All Levels of Education
Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools
Table 1.Estimated number of participants in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Fall 2001
Table 2.Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Fall 1980 to fall 2005
Table 3.Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: 1869-70 to fall 2011
Table 4.Teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and senior instructional staff in degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: Fall 1970 to fall 2011
Table 5.Educational institutions, by level and control of institution: 1980-81 to 1999-2000

Enrollment Rates
Table 6.Percent of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age: April 1940 to October 2000
Table 7.Percent of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by race/ethnicity, sex, and age: October 1975 to 2000

Educational Attainment
Table 8.Years of school completed by persons age 25 and over and 25 to 29, by race/ethnicity and sex: 1910 to 2000
Table 9.Highest level of education attained by persons age 18 and over, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: March 2000
Table 10.Number of persons age 18 and over who hold a bachelor's or higher degree, by field of study, sex, race/ethnicity, and age: 1996
Table 11.Educational attainment of persons 18 years old and over, by state: 1990 to 2000
Table 12.Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over, by state and race/ethnicity: April 1990
Table 13.Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over, for the 25 largest states, by sex: March 2000
Table 14.Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over, for the 15 largest metropolitan areas, by 2000

Population
Table 15.Estimates of resident population, by age group: July 1, 1970 to July 1, 2000
Table 16.Estimates of school-age resident population, by race and sex: July 1, 1970 to July 1, 2000
Table 17.Estimated total and school-age resident populations, by state: 1970 to 2000

Characteristics of Families With Children
Table 18.Families, by family status and presence of own children under 18: 1970 to 2000
Table 19.Characteristics of families with own children under 18, by family status and race/ethnicity: 2000
Table 20.Household income and poverty rates, by state: 1990 and 1997-99
Table 21.Poverty status of persons, families, and children under 18, by race/ethnicity: 1959 to 1999

Opinions on Education
Table 22.Average grade that the public would give the schools in their community 1974 to 2001
Table 23.Items most frequently cited by the general public as a major problem facing the local public schools: 1970 to 2001
Table 24.Public opinion on the difference in education quality and funding within states: 1993 and 2001
Table 25.Percent of elementary and secondary school children whose parents are involved in school activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1996 and 1999
Table 26.Percent of elementary school children whose parents are involved in education-related activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1996 and 1999
Table 27.Public's level of confidence in various institutions: 1996 and 1998

Charitable Contributions
Table 28.Percentage of households contributing to education and other charitable organizations and average annual donation, by type of charity: 1989, 1991, 1993, and 1995

Finances
Table 29.Total expenditures of educational institutions related to the gross domestic product, by level of institution: 1929-30 to 2000-01
Table 30.Total expenditures of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: 1899-1900 to 2000-01
Table 31.Governmental expenditures, by level of government and function: 1970-71 to 1997-98
Table 32.Direct general expenditures of state and local governments for all functions and for education, by level and state: 1997-98
Table 33.Direct general expenditures per capita of state and local governments for all functions and for education, by level and state: 1997-98
Table 34.Gross domestic product, state and local expenditures, personal income, disposable personal income, median family income, and population: 1929 to 2000
Table 35.Gross domestic product deflator, Consumer Price Index, education price indexes, and federal budget composite deflator: 1919 to 2001
 Chapter 2.  Elementary and Secondary Education
Enrollment
Table 36.Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: 1869-70 to 1998-99
Table 37.Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level and state: Fall 1986 to fall 2000
Table 38.Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and state: Fall 1999
Table 39.Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and state: Fall 1998
Table 40.Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade: Fall 1985 to fall 1999
Table 41.Average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1969-70 to 1998-99
Table 42.Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity and state: Fall 1986 and fall 1999
Table 43.Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in preprimary programs, by level and control of program and by attendance status: October 1965 to October 2000
Table 44.Percentage distribution of preschool children under 6 years old, by type of primary nonparental care arrangement, and average hours in center-based programs, by child and family characteristics: 1995
Table 45.Child care arrangements of preschool children, by age, race/ethnicity, and household income: 1991, 1995, and 1999
Table 46.Children of prekindergarten through second grade age, by enrollment status, maternal characteristics, and household income: 1991, 1995, and 1999
Table 47.Participation of public kindergarten children in selected activities 5 days a week, by length and size of class and teacher preparation: Spring 1993
Table 48.Children's mean reading, mathematics and general knowledge performance in kindergarten and first grade, by child and family characteristics: Fall 1998, spring 1999, fall 1999, and spring 2000
Table 49.Percentage of kindergarten teachers and parents indicating the importance of various factors for kindergarten readiness, by school type: Fall 1998
Table 50.Percentage distribution of kindergarten teachers' time spent on certain instructional approaches, by program and school type: Fall 1998
Table 51.Public school pupils transported at public expense and current expenditures for transportation: 1929-30 to 1998-99
Table 52.Children 0 to 21 years old served in federally supported programs for the disabled, by type of disability: 1976-77 to 1999-2000
Table 53.Percentage distribution of disabled persons 6 to 21 years old receiving education services for the disabled, by age group and educational environment: United States and outlying areas: 1998-99
Table 54.State legislation on gifted and talented programs and number and percent of students receiving services in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1993-94 and 1995-96
Table 55.Number of children served under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and Chapter 1 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act, State Operated Programs, by age group and state: 1990-91, 1997-98 to 1999-2000
Table 56.Enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public and private schools compared with population 14 to 17 years of age: 1889-90 to fall 2000
Table 57.Enrollment in foreign language courses compared with enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public secondary schools: Fall 1948 to fall 1994
Table 58.Student participation in school programs and services, by control, level of school, and type of community: 1993-94

Private Elementary and Secondary Schools
Table 59.Private elementary and secondary enrollment, teachers, and schools, by selected characteristics: Fall 1999
Table 60.Private elementary and secondary staff and student/staff ratios, by level and orientation of school: 1993-94
Table 61.Private elementary and secondary enrollment and schools, by amount of tuition, level, and orientation of school: 1993-94
Table 62.Summary statistics on Catholic elementary and secondary schools, by level: 1919-20 to 2000-01
Table 63.Private elementary and secondary schools, enrollment, teachers, and high school graduates, by state: 1991 to 1999

Teachers and Other Instructional Staff
Table 64.Public elementary and secondary pupil/teacher ratios, by level, type, and enrollment size of school: Fall 1987 to fall 1999
Table 65.Public and private elementary and secondary teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios: Fall 1955 to fall 2001
Table 66.Public elementary and secondary teachers, by level and state: Fall 1995 to fall 2000
Table 67.Teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: Fall 1994 to fall 1999
Table 68.Teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993-94
Table 69.Highest degree earned, number of years teaching experience, and average class size for teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1993-94
Table 70.Selected characteristics of public school teachers: Spring 1961 to spring 1996
Table 71.Public secondary school teachers, by subject taught: Spring 1966 to spring 1996
Table 72.Percent of vocational and nonvocational public school teachers of grades 9 to 12, by selected demographic and educational characteristics: 1993-94
Table 73.Teachers' perceptions about serious problems in their schools, by type and control of school: 1990-91 and 1993-94
Table 74.Teachers' perceptions about teaching and school conditions, by type and control of school: 1993-94
Table 75.Mobility of public and private elementary and secondary teachers, by selected school and teacher characteristics: 1988-89 to 1994-95
Table 76.Average salaries for full-time teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993-94
Table 77.Estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools: 1959-60 to 2000-01
Table 78.Estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1969-70 to 2000-01
Table 79.Minimum and average teacher salaries, by state: 1990-91, 1998-99, and 1999-2000
Table 80.Average annual salary of instructional staff in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1939-40 to 2000-01
Table 81.Estimated average annual salary of instructional staff in public elementary and secondary schools and average annual earnings of full-time employees in all industries: 1929-30 to 2000-01
Table 82.Staff employed in public elementary and secondary school systems, by functional area: 1949-50 to fall 1999
Table 83.Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state: Fall 1999
Table 84.Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state: Fall 1998
Table 85.Staff and teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: Fall 1993 to fall 1999
Table 86.Staff, enrollment, and pupil/staff ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: Fall 1993 to fall 1999
Table 87.Principals in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993-94
Table 88.Public elementary and secondary students, schools, pupil/teacher ratios, and finances, by type of locale: 1998 and 1999

Schools and School Districts
Table 89.Public school districts and public and private elementary and secondary schools: 1869-70 to 1999-2000
Table 90.Public school districts and enrollment, by size of district: 1989-90 to 1999-2000
Table 91.Number of public elementary and secondary local education agencies, by state and type of agency: 1998-99 and 1999-2000
Table 92.Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, graduates and dropouts in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 1998, and 1999
Table 93.Revenues and expenditures of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 pupils, by state: 1997-98
Table 94.Enrollment, poverty, and federal funds for the 100 largest school districts: 1996-97, 1997-98, 1999, and 2001-02
Table 95.Public elementary and secondary schools, by type of school: 1967-68 to 1999-2000
Table 96.Public elementary and secondary schools, by type and size of school: 1999-2000
Table 97.Average size and distribution of enrollment of public elementary and secondary schools, by type: 1982-83 to 1999-2000
Table 98.Public elementary and secondary school students, by racial/ethnic enrollment concentration of school: Fall 1994 and fall 1999
Table 99.Public elementary and secondary schools, by type and state: 1990-91 to 1999-2000
Table 100.Public elementary schools, by grade span and average school size, by state: 1999-2000
Table 101.Public secondary schools, by grade span and average school size, by state: 1999-2000
Table 102.Percent of public schools with building deficiencies and renovation plans, by level, enrollment size, metropolitan status, and free lunch eligibility: 1999

High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts
Table 103.High school graduates compared with population 17 years of age, by sex and control of school: 1869-70 to 2000-01
Table 104.Public high school graduates, by state: 1969-70 to 2000-01
Table 105.High school graduates and dropouts in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity and state: 1998-99
Table 106.General Educational Development (GED) credentials issued, and number and age of test takers: United States and outlying areas, 1971 to 2000
Table 107.Distribution of 18- to 29-year-olds, by high school completion status and selected characteristics: 1998 to 2000
Table 108.Percent of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by sex and race/ethnicity: April 1960 to October 2000
Table 109.Percent of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by income level, 1970 to October 2000
Table 110.Students with disabilities exiting the educational system, by age, type of disability, and basis of exit: United States and outlying areas, 1997-98 and 1998-99
Table 111.Postsecondary education and employment status, wages earned, and living arrangements of special education students out of secondary school up to 3 years, by type of disability: 1990

Educational Achievement
Table 112.Average student proficiency in reading, by age and selected characteristics of students: 1971 to 1999
Table 113.Student proficiency in reading, by percentile, age, and sex: 1971 to 1999
Table 114.Student proficiency in reading, by age, amount of time spent on homework and reading habits: 1984 to 1999
Table 115.Percent of students at or above selected reading proficiency levels, by sex, race/ethnicity, and age: 1971 to 1999
Table 116.Average proficiency in reading for 4th-graders in public schools, by selected characteristics, and state: 1994 and 1998
Table 117.Average proficiency in reading for 8th-graders in public schools, by selected characteristics, and state: 1998
Table 118.Percentage distribution of 4th-graders, by time spent on homework and television viewing each day: 1992 to 2000
Table 119.Average writing performance of 4th-, 8th-, and 11th-graders, by selected characteristics of students: 1984 to 1996
Table 120.Student values and attitudes toward writing, by grade level: 1984 to 1994
Table 121.Percent of students at or above selected history proficiency levels, by selected characteristics and grade level: 1994
Table 122.Average student proficiency in geography and U.S. history, by selected characteristics: 1994
Table 123.Percent of students at or above selected geography proficiency levels, by selected characteristics and grade level: 1994
Table 124.Average mathematics proficiency, by age and by selected characteristics of students: 1973 to 1999
Table 125.Percent of students at or above selected mathematics proficiency levels, by sex, race/ethnicity, control of school, and age: 1978 to 1999
Table 126.Mathematics performance of 17-year-olds, by highest mathematics course taken, sex, and race/ethnicity: 1978 to 1999
Table 127.Mathematics proficiency and selected statistics on mathematics education for 4th-graders in public schools, by region and state: 1996 and 2000
Table 128.Mathematics proficiency of 8th-graders in public schools, by state: 1992 to 2000
Table 129.Length of school year and selected statistics on mathematics education for students in public schools, by region and state: 1998 and 2000
Table 130.Average science proficiency, by age and by selected characteristics of students: 1970 to 1999
Table 131.Percent of students at or above selected science proficiency levels, by sex, race/ethnicity, control of school, and age: 1977 to 1999
Table 132.Average performance in science for 8th-graders in public schools, by selected characteristics and state: 1996
Table 133.Performance of eighth-grade students in music, theatre, and visual arts, by selected characteristics of students: 1997
Table 134.Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) score averages, by race/ethnicity: 1986-87 to 2000-01
Table 135.Scholastic Assessment Test score averages for college-bound high school seniors, by sex: 1966-67 to 2000-01
Table 136.Scholastic Assessment Test score averages, by selected student characteristics: 1995-96 to 2000-01
Table 137.Scholastic Assessment Test score averages, by state: 1987-88 to 2000-01
Table 138.American College Testing (ACT) score averages, by sex: 1970 to 2001
Table 139.Distribution of elementary and secondary school children, by average grades, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1996 and 1999
Table 140.Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in various subject fields, by student characteristics: 1982 to 1998
Table 141.Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in vocational education courses, by student characteristics: 1982 to 1998
Table 142.Percentage of public high school graduates taking selected mathematics and science courses in high school, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1982 to 1998
Table 143.Percent of public high school graduates earning minimum credits in selected combinations of academic courses, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1982 to 1998

Student Activities and Behavior
Table 144.Percentage of 3- to 5-year-olds not yet enrolled in kindergarten, who have participated in home literacy activities with a family member, by selected child and family characteristics: 1993 and 1999
Table 145.Percent of high school seniors who say they engage in various activities, by student characteristics: 1982 and 1992
Table 146.Percent of high school seniors who participate in selected school-sponsored extracurricular activities, by student characteristics: 1980 and 1992
Table 147.Percentage of students in grades 9 through 12 who reported experience with drugs and violence on school property, by race/ethnicity, grade, and sex: 1997 and 1999
Table 148.Percent of 12- to 17-year olds reporting drug use during the past 30 days and the past year: 1982 to 1999
Table 149.Percent of high school seniors reporting drug use, by type of drug and frequency of use: 1975 to 2000
Table 150.Percent of public schools reporting crime incidents and the seriousness of crime incidents reported, by school characteristics: 1996-97

State Regulations
Table 151.Ages for compulsory school attendance, special education services for students, policies for year-round schools and kindergarten programs, by state: 1997 and 2000
Table 152.Tenth- and twelfth-graders' attendance patterns, by selected student and school characteristics: 1990 and 1992
Table 153.State requirements for high school graduation, in Carnegie units: 2001
Table 154.States which use criterion-referenced assessments aligned to state standards, by level and subject area: 2001-02
Table 155.States using minimum-competency testing, by grade levels assessed, and expected uses of standards: 1998-99
Table 156.States requiring testing for initial certification of teachers, by authorization, year enacted, year effective, and test used: 1990 and 1999

Revenues and Expenditures
Table 157.Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source of funds: 1919-20 to 1998-99
Table 158.Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state: 1998-99
Table 159.Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state: 1997-98
Table 160.Funds and staff for state education agencies, by source of funding and state: 1992-93
Table 161.Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by state: 1969-70 to 2000-01
Table 162.Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state: 1998-99
Table 163.Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state: 1997-98
Table 164.Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: 1919-20 to 1998-99
Table 165.Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: 1990-91 to 1998-99
Table 166.Expenditures for instruction in public elementary and secondary schools, by subfunction and state: 1997-98 and 1998-99
Table 167.Total and current expenditure per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: 1919-20 to 2000-01
Table 168.Current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1959-60 to 1998-99
Table 169.Current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1969-70 to 1998-99
 Chapter 3.  Postsecondary Education
Degree-Granting Institutions
Enrollment
Table 170.Enrollment, staff, and degrees conferred in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV programs, by level and control of institution: Fall 1997, fall 1999, and 1999-2000
Table 171.Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in degree-granting institutions: 1869-70 to 1999-2000
Table 172.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1947 to 1999
Table 173.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1965 to 1999
Table 174.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and age: 1970 to 2011
Table 175.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level, sex, age, and attendance status of student: 1999
Table 176.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, and age and attendance status of student: 1999
Table 177.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 1999
Table 178.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 1998
Table 179.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, attendance status, and sex of student: 1970 to 1999
Table 180.Fall enrollment and number of degree-granting institutions, by affiliation of institution: 1980 to 1999
Table 181.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, and attendance status, sex, and level of student: 1997 to 1999
Table 182.Total first-time freshmen enrolled in degree-granting institutions, by sex of student, attendance status, and type and control of institution: Fall 1955 to fall 1999
Table 183.Total first-time freshmen enrolled in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, control of institution, and state: Fall 1994 to fall 1999
Table 184.College enrollment rates of high school completers, by race/ethnicity: 1960 to 2000
Table 185.College enrollment rates of high school completers, by sex: 1960 to 2000
Table 186.Graduation, college preparation, and college application rates of high school students, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
Table 187.Enrollment rates of 18- to 24-year-olds in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity: 1967 to 2000
Table 188.Total undergraduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 to 1999
Table 189.Total graduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 to
Table 190.Total first-professional fall enrollment in institutions of higher education, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 to 1999
Table 191.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by state: 1970 to 1999
Table 192.Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by state: 1970 to 1999
Table 193.Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by state: 1970 to 1999
Table 194.Total fall enrollment in all degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state: 1998 and 1999
Table 195.Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state: 1998 and 1999
Table 196.Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state: 1998 and 1999
Table 197.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, type of institution, and state: 1998 and 1999
Table 198.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment and state: 1998 and 1999
Table 199.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, and state: 1999
Table 200.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, and state: 1998
Table 201.Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1969 to 1999
Table 202.Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, type of institution, and state: 1997 to 1999
Table 203.Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and state: 1980 to 1999
Table 204.Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions, by state: Fall 1998
Table 205.Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions graduating from high school in the past 12 months, by state: Fall 1998
Table 206.Residence and migration of all freshmen students in 4-year degree-granting institutions graduating from high school in the past 12 months, by state: Fall 1998
Table 207.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and race/ethnicity of student: 1976 to 1999
Table 208.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of study, sex, and race/ethnicity of student: 1976 to 1999
Table 209.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level, attendance status, sex, and race/ethnicity of student: 1998 and 1999
Table 210.Total number of institutions and fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by percentage of minority enrollment: 1999
Table 211.Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions of higher education, by race/ethnicity of student and by state: 1994 to 1999
Table 212.Number and percent of students enrolled in postsecondary institutions, by disability status and selected student characteristics: 1995-96
Table 213.Enrollment in postsecondary education, by major field of study, age, and level of student: 1995-96
Table 214.Graduate enrollment in science and engineering programs in degree-granting institutions, by field of study: United States and outlying areas, fall 1987 to fall 1999
Table 215.Size of enrollment of degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: Fall 1999
Table 216.Enrollment of the 120 largest degree-granting college and university campuses: Fall 1999
Table 217.Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 14,600 students in 1999
Table 218.Enrollment and degrees conferred in women's colleges, by institution: Fall 1999 and 1999-2000
Table 219.Enrollment and degrees conferred in Hispanic serving institutions, by institution: Fall 1999 and 1999-2000
Table 220.Enrollment and degrees conferred in tribally controlled institutions, by institution: Fall 1997, 1998, 1999, 1998-99, and 1999-2000
Table 221.Fall enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting historically black colleges and universities, by institution: 1999, 1999-2000, and 1998-99
Table 222.Selected statistics on degree-granting historically black colleges and universities: 1980, 1990, 1996-97, 1999, and 1999-2000
Table 223.Fall enrollment in degree-granting historically black colleges and universities, by type and control of institution: 1976 to 1999

Staff
Table 224.Employees in degree-granting institutions of higher education, by primary occupation, employment status, and control of institution: Fall 1976, fall 1991, and fall 1999
Table 225.Employees in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, primary occupation, employment status sex, and type and control of institution: Fall 1999
Table 226.Employees in degree-granting institutions, by primary occupation, sex, employment status, and by type and control of institution: Fall 1999
Table 227.Staff and student/staff ratios in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and by state: Fall 1999

Faculty
Table 228.Full-time and part-time senior instructional faculty in degree-granting institutions, by employment status, control, and type of institution: Fall 1970 to fall 1999
Table 229.Full-time instructional faculty in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, academic rank, and sex: Fall 1999
Table 230.Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by selected characteristics and type and control of institution: Fall 1992 and fall 1998
Table 231.Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control, academic rank, age, salary, race/ethnicity, and sex: Fall 1998
Table 232.Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by faculty characteristics and field: Fall 1992 and fall 1998
Table 233.Full-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by instruction activities and type and control of institution: Fall 1998
Table 234.Part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by instruction activities and type and control of institution: Fall 1998
Table 235.Percentage distribution of full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by program area, race/ethnicity, and sex: Fall 1992 and fall 1998
Table 236.Average base salaries of full-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and by field of instruction: 1987-88, 1992-93, and 1998-99
Table 237.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: 1970-71 to 1998-99
Table 238.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, sex, and by type and control of institution: 1980-81 to 1998-99
Table 239.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and by state: 1998-99
Table 240.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and by state: 1997-98
Table 241.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in 4-year degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and rank of faculty and by state: 1998-99
Table 242.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in 4-year degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and rank of faculty and by state: 1997-98
Table 243.Full-time instructional faculty with tenure for degree-granting institutions reporting tenure status, by academic rank, sex, and type and control of institution: 1980-81 to 1998-99

Institutions
Table 244.Degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1949-50 to 2000-01
Table 245.Degree-granting institutions and branches, by type, control of institution, and state: 2000-01
Table 246.Degree-granting institutions that have closed their doors, by control and type of institution: 1960-61 to 2000-01

Degrees
Table 247.Earned degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1869-70 to 2010-11
Table 248.Degrees awarded by degree-granting institutions, by control, level of degree, and state: 1999-2000
Table 249.Degrees awarded by degree-granting institutions, by control, level of degree, and state: 1998-99
Table 250.Total bachelor's and master's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by field of study and by state: 1999-2000
Table 251.Earned degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and by state: 1998-99 and 1999-2000
Table 252.Associate degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions of higher education, by field of study: 1988-89 to 1999-2000
Table 253.Associate degrees and other subbaccalaureate awards conferred by degree-granting institutions, by length of curriculum, sex of student, and field of study: 1999-2000
Table 254.Associate degrees and other subbaccalaureate awards conferred by degree-granting institutions, by length of curriculum, sex of student, and field of study: 1998-99
Table 255.Bachelor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 256.Master's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 257.Doctor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 258.Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 1999-2000
Table 259.Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 1998-99
Table 260.Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: 1969-70 to 1999-2000
Table 261.Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control of institution, level of degree, and discipline division: 1999-2000
Table 262.Number of degree-granting institutions conferring degrees, by level of degree and discipline division: 1999-2000
Table 263.First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions in dentistry, medicine, and law, by sex, and number of institutions conferring degrees: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 264.First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student, control of institution, and field of study: 1985-86 to 1999-2000
Table 265.Associate degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student:1976-77 to 1999-2000
Table 266.Associate degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1999-2000
Table 267.Associate degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1998-99
Table 268.Bachelor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student:1976-77 to 1999-2000
Table 269.Bachelor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1999-2000
Table 270.Bachelor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1998-99
Table 271.Master's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student:1976-77 to 1999-2000
Table 272.Master's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1999-2000
Table 273.Master's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1998-99
Table 274.Doctor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student:1976-77 to 1999-2000
Table 275.Doctor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1999-2000
Table 276.Doctor's degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1998-99
Table 277.First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: 1976-77 to 1999-2000
Table 278.First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1999-2000
Table 279.First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group, major field of study, and sex of student: 1998-99
Table 280.Earned degrees in agriculture and natural resources conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 281.Earned degrees in architecture and related programs conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 282.Earned degrees in the biological/life sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1951-52 to 1999-2000
Table 283.Earned degrees in biology, microbiology, and zoology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 284.Earned degrees in business conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1955-56 to 1999-2000
Table 285.Earned degrees in communications conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 286.Earned degrees in computer and information sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 287.Earned degrees in education conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 288.Earned degrees in engineering conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 289.Earned degrees in chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 290.Earned degrees in English language and literature/letters conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 291.Earned degrees in modern foreign languages and literatures conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 292.Earned degrees in French, German, and Spanish conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 293.Earned degrees in the health professions and related sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 294.Earned degrees in mathematics conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 295.Earned degrees in the physical sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1959-60 to 1999-2000
Table 296.Earned degrees in chemistry, geology, and physics conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 297.Earned degrees in psychology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and by sex of student: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 298.Earned degrees in public administration and services conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 299.Earned degrees in the social sciences and history conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 300.Earned degrees in economics, history, political science and government, and sociology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1949-50 to 1999-2000
Table 301.Earned degrees in visual and performing arts conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970-71 to 1999-2000
Table 302.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees, by field of study: 1998-99
Table 303.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees in education: 1979-80 to 1998-99
Table 304.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees in engineering: 1979-80 to 1998-99
Table 305.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees in the humanities: 1979-80 to 1998-99
Table 306.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees in the life sciences: 1979-80 to 1998-99
Table 307.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees in the physical sciences: 1979-80 to 1998-99
Table 308.Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor's degrees in the social sciences: 1979-80 to 1998-99
Table 309.Doctor's degrees conferred by 60 large degree-granting institutions: 1990-91 to 1999-2000

Outcomes
Table 310.Percentage distribution of 1980 high school sophomores, by highest level of education completed through 1992, by selected student characteristics: 1980 to 1992
Table 311.Mean number of semester credits completed by bachelor's degree recipients, by major and course area: 1976, 1984, and 1992-93
Table 312.Percent of colleges and universities using various selection criteria for admission, by type and control of institution: 1990-91 to 1999-2000
Table 313.Percent of degree-granting institutions offering remedial services, by type and control of institution: 1987-88 to 2000-01
Table 314.Percentage distribution of enrollment and completion status of first-time postsecondary students starting during the 1995-96 academic year, by type of institution and other student characteristics: 1998
Table 315.Scores on Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and subject matter tests: 1965 to 1999

Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance
Table 316.Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates paid by full-time-equivalent students in degree-granting institutions, by type and 1964-65 to 2000-01
Table 317.Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates paid by full-time-equivalent students in degree-granting institutions, by control of institution and by state: 1999-2000 and 2000-01
Table 318.Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates in degree-granting institutions, by percentile distribution of students, type and control of institution: 1999-2000 and 2000-01
Table 319.Average graduate and first-professional tuition and required fees in degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: 1987-88 to 1999-2000
Table 320.Percent of undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 1995-96
Table 321.Average amount of financial aid awarded in 1995-96 per student, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics
Table 322.Undergraduates enrolled full-time and part-time, by aid status and source of aid during 1995-96, and control and level of institution
Table 323.Percent of undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received, and by control and level of institution: 1992-93 and 1995-96
Table 324.Undergraduates enrolled full-time and part-time, by federal aid program and by control and level of institution: 1995-96
Table 325.Postbaccalaureate students enrolled full time and part time, by aid status, source of aid, and by level of study and control and level of institution: 1992-93 and 1995-96
Table 326.Postbaccalaureate students enrolled full time and part time, by type of aid and by level of study, control, and level of institution: 1992-93 and 1995-96
Table 327.Scholarship and fellowship awards of degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: 1959-60 to 1996-97
Table 328.Pell Grant revenue of degree-granting institutions compared to current-fund revenue and tuition, by type and control of institution: 1985-86 to 1996-97
Table 329.State awards for need-based undergraduate scholarship and grant programs, by state: 1987-88 to 1997-98

Income
Table 330.Current-fund revenue of degree-granting institutions, by source: 1980-81 to 1995-96
Table 331.Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source: 1980-81 to 1996-97
Table 332.Current-fund revenue of private degree-granting institutions, by source: 1980-81 to 1995-96
Table 333.Current-fund revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source: 1980-81 to 1995-96
Table 334.Current-fund revenue of degree-granting institutions, by source of funds: 1919-20 to 1995-96
Table 335.Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds, and by type of institution: 1996-97
Table 336.Total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 1996-97
Table 337.Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by state, 1980-81 to 1996-97
Table 338.Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and state: 1996-97
Table 339.Appropriations from state and local governments for public degree-granting institutions, by state: 1986-87 to 1996-97
Table 340.Current-fund revenue received from the federal government by the 120 degree-granting institutions receiving the largest amounts: 1995-96

Expenditures
Table 341.Current-fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of degree-granting institutions, by purpose and per student: 1929-30 to 1995-96
Table 342.Expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 1996-97
Table 343.Current-fund expenditures and expenditures per full-time-equivalent student in institutions of higher education, by type and control of institution: 1970-71 to 1995-96
Table 344.Total expenditures of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 1996-97
Table 345.Current-fund expenditures of degree-granting institutions, by purpose: 1980-81 to 1995-96
Table 346.Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose: 1980-81 to 1996-97
Table 347.Current-fund expenditures of private degree-granting institutions, by purpose: 1980-81 to 1995-96
Table 348.Voluntary support for degree-granting institutions, by source and purpose of support: 1959-60 to 1998-99
Table 349.Educational and general expenditures of degree-granting public universities, by purpose: 1976-77 to 1996-97
Table 350.Educational and general expenditures of public degree-granting 4-year colleges, by purpose: 1976-77 to 1996-97
Table 351.Educational and general expenditures of degree-granting public 2-year colleges, by purpose: 1976-77 to 1996-97
Table 352.Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state: 1980-81 to 1996-97
Table 353.Educational and general expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state: 1980-81 to 1996-97
Table 354.Current-fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of private not-for-profit institutions of higher education, by state: 1985-86 to 1995-96

Property
Table 355.Additions to physical plant value of degree-granting institutions, by type of addition and control of institution: 1969-70 to 1996-97
Table 356.Value of property and liabilities of degree-granting institutions: 1899-1900 to 1995-96
Table 357.Endowment funds of the 120 colleges and universities with the largest amounts: 1999 and 2000

Adult and Vocational Education
Adult Education
Table 358.Participation of employed persons, 17 years old and over, in adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: 1995 and 1999
Table 359.Participation in adult education during the previous 12 months by adults 17 years old and older, by selected characteristics of participants: 1991, 1995, and 1999
Table 360.Participants in adult basic and secondary education programs, by level of enrollment and state: Fiscal years 1980, 1990, and 1999

Vocational Education
Table 361.Nondegree granting institutions offering postsecondary education, by control and state: 1998-99, 1999-2000, and 2000-01
 Chapter 4.  Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities
Table 362.Federal education support and estimated federal tax expenditures for education, by category: Fiscal years 1965 to 2001
Table 363.Federal on-budget funds for education, by agency: Fiscal years 1965 to 2001
Table 364.Federal on-budget funds for education, by level or other educational purpose, by agency and program: Fiscal years 1965 to 2001
Table 365.Estimated federal support for education, by agency and type of ultimate recipient: Fiscal year 2001
Table 366.Federal on-budget funds obligated for programs administered by the U.S. Department of Education: Fiscal years 1980 to 2001
Table 367.U.S. Department of Education outlays, by level of education and type of recipient: Fiscal years 1980 to 2001
Table 368.U.S. Department of Education appropriations for major programs, by state or other area: Fiscal year 2000
Table 369.Appropriations for Title I and Title VI, Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1994, by state or other area and type of appropriation: 1999-2000 and 2000-01
Table 370.Federal obligations for research and development and R&D plant, by state and selected agency: Fiscal year 1999
Table 371.Federal science and engineering obligations to colleges and universities, by agency and state: Fiscal year 1999
Table 372.Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R & D plant: Fiscal years 1993 to 2001
Table 373.U.S. Department of Agriculture obligations for child nutrition programs, by state or other: Fiscal years 1999 and 2000
Table 374.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services allocations for Head Start and enrollment in Head Start, by state or other area: Fiscal years 1997 to 2000
Table 375.Public school students receiving federally funded free or reduced price lunches, by selected school characteristics: School year 1993-94
Table 376.Public and private school students receiving federally funded Chapter 1 services, by selected school characteristics: School year 1993-94
 Chapter 5.  Outcomes of Education
Educational Characteristics of the Workforce
Table 377.Percent of 18- to 25-year-olds reporting drug use during the past 30 days and the past year: 1982 to 1999
Table 378.Percent of 1972, 1982, and 1992 high school seniors who felt that certain life values were "very important," by sex: 1972 to 1994
Table 379.Labor force participation of persons 16 years old and over, by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and highest level of education: 2000
Table 380.Occupation of employed persons 25 to 64 years old, by educational attainment and sex: 2000
Table 381.Unemployment rate of persons 16 years old and over, by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and highest degree attained: 1998, 1999, and 2000
Table 382.Median annual income of year-round, full-time workers 25 years old and over, by level of education completed and sex: 1989 to 1999
Table 383.Total annual money income and median income of persons 25 years old and over, by educational attainment and sex: 1999
Table 384.College enrollment and labor force status of 1999 and 2000 high school graduates, by sex and race/ethnicity: October 1999 and October 2000

Recent High School and College Graduates
Table 385.Labor force status of 1979-80 to 1999-2000 high school dropouts, by sex and race/ethnicity: October 1980 to October 2000
Table 386.Employment of 12th graders, by selected student characteristics: 1992
Table 387.Full-time employment status of bachelor's degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field of study: 1976 to 1991
Table 388.Employment status of 1992-93 bachelor's degree recipients 4 years after graduation, by field of study and occupational area: 1997
Table 389.Enrollment status of 1992-93 bachelor's degree recipients, by undergraduate major and highest degree obtained: April 1997
Table 390.Average annual salary of bachelor's degree recipients employed full time 1 year after graduation, by field of study: 1976 to 1994
Table 391.Participation of young adults in voluntary or community service activities, by selected characteristics: 1992 to 1994
Table 392.Literacy skills of adults, 16 years old and over, by selected characteristics: 1992
 Chapter 6.  International Comparisons of Education
Table 393.School-age populations as a percent of total population: Selected countries, 1985 to 1999
Table 394.Percent of population enrolled in secondary and postsecondary institutions, by age group: Selected countries, 1985, 1990, and 1999
Table 395.Estimated population, school enrollment, and teachers in major areas of the world: 1980 to 1997
Table 396.Selected statistics for countries with populations over 10 million, by continent: 1980, 1990, and 1997
Table 397.Pupils per teacher in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by level of education: Selected countries, 1985 to 1999
Table 398.Geography proficiency of 13-year-olds in educational systems participating in the International Assessment of Educational Progress: 1991
Table 399.Average 8th-grade mathematics scores by content areas, and average time spent studying out of school, by country: 1999
Table 400.Instructional practices and time spent teaching mathematics in 8th-grade, by country: 1999
Table 401.Average 8th-grade science scores by content areas, and average time spent studying out of school, by country: 1999
Table 402.Instructional practices and time spent teaching science in eighth grade, by country: 1999
Table 403.Average size of 8th-grade mathematics classes, and frequency teachers assign mathematics homework, by country: 1999
Table 404.Eighth-grade students' perceptions about mathematics and hours spent on leisure activities, by country: 1999
Table 405.Average 4th-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, and average time spent studying mathematics out of school, by country: 1994-95
Table 406.Average 4th-grade science scores, by content areas, and average time spent teaching science in school, by country: 1994-95
Table 407.Average mathematics scores at the end of secondary school, by sex, and average time spent studying mathematics out of school, by 1994-95
Table 408.Average science scores, at the end of secondary school, by sex, and average time spent studying science out of school, by country:1994-95
Table 409.Reading literacy test scores of 9-year-olds: Selected countries, 1992
Table 410.Reading literacy test scores of 14-year-olds: Selected countries, 1992
Table 411.Number of bachelor's degree recipients per 100 persons of the theoretical age of graduation, by sex: Selected countries, 1989 to 1999
Table 412.Percent of bachelor's degrees awarded in science: Selected countries, 1985 to 1999
Table 413.Percent of graduate degrees awarded in science: Selected countries, 1985, 1990, 1996, and 1999
Table 414.Public education expenditures per student, by level of student: Selected countries, 1985 to 1998
Table 415.Total public direct expenditures on education as a percentage of the gross domestic product: Selected countries, 1985 to 1998
Table 416.Foreign students enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States and outlying areas, by continent, region, and selected countries of origin: 1980-81 to 1999-2000
 Chapter 7.  Learning Resources and Technology
Libraries
Table 417.Selected statistics on school library/media centers, by control and level of school: 1993-94
Table 418.Selected statistics on public school library/media centers, by level and enrollment size of school: 1993-94
Table 419.Selected statistics on public school library/media centers, by state: 1993-94
Table 420.Percent of public and private schools having access to selected telecommunication capabilities, by location of access site and control of school: 1995 and 1998-99
Table 421.Public schools and school classrooms with access to the Internet, by school characteristics: 1994 to 2000
Table 422.General statistics of college and university libraries: 1976-77 to 1997-98
Table 423.Selected statistics on the collections, staff, and operating expenditures of 60 large college and university libraries: 1998
Table 424.General statistics of public libraries, by population of legal service area: 1998
Table 425.Public libraries, books and serial volumes, library visits, and reference transactions, by state: Fiscal year 1998

Computers and Technology
Table 426.Percent of workers, 18 years old and over, using computers on the job, by selected characteristics and computer activities: October 1993 and October 1997
Table 427.Access to home computers, by selected characteristics of students and other users: October 1997
Table 428.Percent of home computer users using specific applications, by selected characteristics: October 1997
Table 429.Percent of student home computer users using specific applications, by selected characteristics: October 1997
Table 430.Student use of computers, by level of instruction and selected characteristics: 1984 to 1997

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