Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source: 1980-81 to 1996-97

Table 331.

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                                     |            |            |             |             |             |             |             |             |
               Source                |  1980-81   |  1985-86   |   1990-91   |   1991-92   |   1992-93   |   1993-94   |   1994-95   |   1995-96   | 1996-97 \1\
_____________________________________|____________|____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________
                  1                  |     2      |     3      |      4      |      5      |      6      |      7      |      8      |      9      |     10
_____________________________________|____________|____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________
                                     |                                       In thousands
                                     |___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
     Total current-fund revenue .....|$43,195,617 |$65,004,632 | $94,904,506 |$102,202,890 |$108,186,484 |$112,968,097 |$119,312,493 |$123,501,152 |$130,035,326
                                     |____________|____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________
Tuition and fees ....................|  5,570,404 |  9,439,177 |  15,258,024 |  17,460,263 |  19,490,221 |  20,825,388 |  21,908,104 |  23,257,454 |  24,700,424
Federal government ..................|  5,540,101 |  6,852,370 |   9,763,427 |  10,783,842 |  11,655,011 |  12,465,038 |  13,191,843 |  13,672,467 |  14,320,821
  Appropriations ....................|  1,128,101 |  1,401,367 |   1,604,548 |   1,662,229 |   1,658,052 |   1,781,837 |   1,766,412 |   1,826,738 |   1,941,539
  Unrestricted grants and contracts .|    529,424 |    816,364 |   1,319,035 |   1,462,372 |   1,601,201 |   1,694,596 |   1,802,822 |   1,996,861 |   1,912,276
  Restricted grants and contracts\2\ |  3,812,197 |  4,481,723 |   6,629,484 |   7,426,627 |   8,155,317 |   8,776,458 |   9,368,072 |   9,598,340 |  10,194,204
  Independent operations (FFRDC)\3\ .|     70,379 |    152,916 |     210,360 |     232,613 |     240,441 |     212,148 |     254,537 |     250,529 |     272,802
State governments ...................| 19,675,968 | 29,220,586 |  38,239,978 |  39,107,560 |  39,789,641 |  40,536,393 |  42,854,681 |  44,242,546 |  46,332,349
  Appropriations ....................| 19,006,716 | 28,071,070 |  35,898,653 |  36,612,540 |  37,073,932 |  37,565,065 |  39,405,865 |  40,081,437 |  42,226,673
  Unrestricted grants and contracts .|     45,390 |     88,779 |     250,168 |     253,184 |     259,046 |     271,298 |     381,165 |     924,837 |     690,925
  Restricted grants and contracts ...|    623,863 |  1,060,737 |   2,091,157 |   2,241,836 |   2,456,663 |   2,700,030 |   3,067,650 |   3,236,272 |   3,414,751
Local governments ...................|  1,622,938 |  2,325,844 |   3,531,714 |   3,778,615 |   4,040,897 |   4,508,604 |   4,756,884 |   5,074,511 |   5,084,957
  Appropriations ....................|  1,478,001 |  2,150,459 |   3,159,789 |   3,319,119 |   3,594,207 |   4,021,421 |   4,243,984 |   4,397,098 |   4,418,919
  Unrestricted grants and contracts .|      9,915 |     27,852 |      73,281 |      90,257 |      84,974 |      71,098 |      60,123 |     184,597 |     191,479
  Restricted grants and contracts ...|    135,022 |    147,533 |     298,644 |     369,239 |     361,717 |     416,084 |     452,777 |     492,815 |     474,559
Private gifts, grants, and contracts |  1,100,084 |  2,109,782 |   3,651,107 |   4,039,212 |   4,330,112 |   4,521,452 |   4,737,529 |   5,089,344 |   5,586,377
  Unrestricted ......................|    110,462 |    279,381 |     529,496 |     650,468 |     686,214 |     698,497 |     684,264 |     784,979 |     900,397
  Restricted ........................|    989,622 |  1,830,401 |   3,121,611 |   3,388,743 |   3,643,898 |   3,822,955 |   4,053,266 |   4,304,365 |   4,685,980
Endowment income ....................|    214,561 |    398,603 |     431,235 |     593,998 |     667,711 |     639,343 |     693,313 |     721,079 |     785,993
  Unrestricted ......................|    102,888 |    181,624 |     147,368 |     248,770 |     257,113 |     259,172 |     266,960 |     304,860 |     300,713
  Restricted ........................|    111,673 |    216,979 |     283,867 |     345,228 |     410,598 |     380,172 |     426,354 |     416,219 |     485,280
Sales and services ..................|  8,455,449 | 12,990,670 |  21,546,202 |  23,738,382 |  25,282,113 |  26,404,241 |  27,517,662 |  27,399,796 |  28,882,147
  Educational activities ............|    943,737 |  1,596,946 |   2,700,185 |   2,960,980 |   3,236,037 |   3,329,681 |   3,616,034 |   3,528,610 |   3,896,210
  Auxiliary enterprises .............|  4,614,561 |  6,684,794 |   9,058,745 |   9,655,373 |  10,255,044 |  10,814,804 |  11,373,646 |  11,595,408 |  12,299,834
  Hospitals .........................|  2,897,151 |  4,708,930 |   9,787,271 |  11,122,029 |  11,791,033 |  12,259,757 |  12,527,982 |  12,275,778 |  12,686,103
Other sources .......................|  1,016,110 |  1,667,600 |   2,482,819 |   2,701,019 |   2,930,778 |   3,067,638 |   3,652,477 |   4,043,955 |   4,342,257
                                     |===========================================================================================================================
                                     |             Percentage distribution
                                     |___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
     Total current-fund revenue .....|      100.0 |      100.0 |       100.0 |       100.0 |       100.0 |       100.0 |       100.0 |       100.0 |       100.0
                                     |____________|____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________
Tuition and fees ....................|       12.9 |       14.5 |        16.1 |        17.1 |        18.0 |        18.4 |        18.4 |        18.8 |        19.0
Federal government ..................|       12.8 |       10.5 |        10.3 |        10.6 |        10.8 |        11.0 |        11.1 |        11.1 |        11.0
  Appropriations ....................|        2.6 |        2.2 |         1.7 |         1.6 |         1.5 |         1.6 |         1.5 |         1.5 |         1.5
  Unrestricted grants and contracts .|        1.2 |        1.3 |         1.4 |         1.4 |         1.5 |         1.5 |         1.5 |         1.6 |         1.5
  Restricted grants and contracts\2\ |        8.8 |        6.9 |         7.0 |         7.3 |         7.5 |         7.8 |         7.9 |         7.8 |         7.8
  Independent operations (FFRDC)\3\ .|        0.2 |        0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2
State governments ...................|       45.6 |       45.0 |        40.3 |        38.3 |        36.8 |        35.9 |        35.9 |        35.8 |        35.6
  Appropriations ....................|       44.0 |       43.2 |        37.8 |        35.8 |        34.3 |        33.3 |        33.0 |        32.5 |        32.5
  Unrestricted grants and contracts .|        0.1 |        0.1 |         0.3 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.3 |         0.7 |         0.5
  Restricted grants and contracts ...|        1.4 |        1.6 |         2.2 |         2.2 |         2.3 |         2.4 |         2.6 |         2.6 |         2.6
Local governments ...................|        3.8 |        3.6 |         3.7 |         3.7 |         3.7 |         4.0 |         4.0 |         4.1 |         3.9
  Appropriations ....................|        3.4 |        3.3 |         3.3 |         3.2 |         3.3 |         3.6 |         3.6 |         3.6 |         3.4
  Unrestricted grants and contracts .|      (\4\) |      (\4\) |         0.1 |         0.1 |         0.1 |         0.1 |         0.1 |         0.1 |         0.1
  Restricted grants and contracts ...|        0.3 |        0.2 |         0.3 |         0.4 |         0.3 |         0.4 |         0.4 |         0.4 |         0.4
Private gifts, grants, and contracts |        2.5 |        3.2 |         3.8 |         4.0 |         4.0 |         4.0 |         4.0 |         4.1 |         4.3
  Unrestricted ......................|        0.3 |        0.4 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.7
  Restricted ........................|        2.3 |        2.8 |         3.3 |         3.3 |         3.4 |         3.4 |         3.4 |         3.5 |         3.6
Endowment income ....................|        0.5 |        0.6 |         0.5 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6 |         0.6
  Unrestricted ......................|        0.2 |        0.3 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2 |         0.2
  Restricted ........................|        0.3 |        0.3 |         0.3 |         0.3 |         0.4 |         0.3 |         0.4 |         0.3 |         0.4
Sales and services ..................|       19.6 |       20.0 |        22.7 |        23.2 |        23.4 |        23.4 |        23.1 |        22.2 |        22.2
  Educational activities ............|        2.2 |        2.5 |         2.8 |         2.9 |         3.0 |         2.9 |         3.0 |         2.9 |         3.0
  Auxiliary enterprises .............|       10.7 |       10.3 |         9.5 |         9.4 |         9.5 |         9.6 |         9.5 |         9.4 |         9.5
  Hospitals .........................|        6.7 |        7.2 |        10.3 |        10.9 |        10.9 |        10.9 |        10.5 |         9.9 |         9.8
Other sources .......................|        2.4 |        2.6 |         2.6 |         2.6 |         2.7 |         2.7 |         3.1 |         3.3 |         3.3
_____________________________________|____________|____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________

\1\Preliminary data.
\2\Excludes Pell Grants. Federally supported student aid that is received through students is included under tuition and auxiliary enterprises.
\3\Generally includes only those revenues associated with major federally funded research and development centers (FFRDC).
\4\Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE: Data for 1980-81 to 1994-95 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate or higher degrees. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education" surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Finance" surveys. (This table was prepared June 2000.)

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