Table 10. Percentage of public primary schools reporting selected types of disciplinary problems occurring at school daily or at least once a week, or at all, by selected school characteristics: School year 2005

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)

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Table 10. Percentage of public primary schools reporting selected types of disciplinary problems occurring at school daily or at least once a week, or at all, by selected school characteristics: School year 2005–06

	Happens daily or at least once a week												Happens at all
School characteristic	Student racial/ethnic tensions		Student bullying		Student sexual harassment of other students¹		Student verbal abuse of teachers		Widespread disorder in classrooms		Student acts of disrespect for teachers		Gang activities²		Cult or extremist group activities³
All public schools	1		21		2		6		1	!	12		8		1	!

Enrollment size
Less than 300	‡		18		‡		5	!	#		9		3	!	‡
300–499	2	!	21		‡		8		‡		11		7	!	‡
500–999	2	!	23		2	!	5		1	!	15		10		‡
1,000 or more	#		21	!	#		‡		‡		21	!	25	!	#

Urbanicity
City	2	!	27		2	!	11		‡		19		16		‡
Urban fringe	2	!	17		‡		4	!	‡		10		6		‡
Town	‡		18	!	#		‡		‡		10	!	‡		‡
Rural	‡		20		‡		4	!	#		8	!	‡		‡

Crime level where students live⁴
High	7	!	40		6	!	17		‡		31		28		‡
Moderate	‡		25		‡		12		‡		21		16		‡
Low	1	!	16		1	!	2	!	1	!	7		2		‡
Mixed	#		19		‡		7	!	‡		10	!	‡		‡

Percent minority enrollment⁵
Less than 5 percent	#		16		‡		#		#		7	!	‡		#
5 to less than 20 percent	#		16		‡		‡		#		6	!	‡		#
20 to less than 50 percent	4	!	18		‡		10		‡		15		6	!	‡
50 percent or more	2	!	27		2	!	10		2	!	17		16		‡

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	#		14		#		#		#		3	!	‡		#
21–50 percent	‡		18		3	!	3	!	#		10		5		‡
More than 50 percent	2	!	25		2	!	10		2	!	17		13		2	!

Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	‡		14		‡		2	!	‡		7		4	!	#
6–15 percent	2	!	19		‡		5	!	‡		10		7		‡
More than 15 percent	‡		35		3	!	15		2	!	24		16		‡

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	4	!	24		2	!	9		‡		17		16		‡
36–60 percent	‡		26		3	!	7		2	!	15		6		‡
More than 60 percent	#		14		‡		3	!	‡		6		2	!	‡

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	‡		39		‡		12	!	#		20		‡		‡
26–50 percent	‡		23		‡		8		#		17		9	!	‡
51–75 percent	‡		26		‡		7		2	!	16		10		‡
More than 75 percent	‡		14		‡		4		‡		8		6		‡

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	#		20		#		‡		#		13	!	‡		‡
45–55 percent	1	!	21		1	!	6		1	!	13		8		‡
More than 55 percent	‡		18		4	!	8	!	‡		8	!	8	!	‡

Student-to-FTE ratio⁶
Less than 12 students	1	!	20		‡		7		‡		11		6		‡
12–16 students	2	!	17		2	!	4	!	‡		12		8		‡
More than 16 students	‡		28		‡		6	!	‡		15		12		‡

Number of classroom changes⁷
0–3 changes	1	!	18		‡		4		1	!	10		7		‡
4–6 changes	2	!	21		2	!	8		‡		15		7		‡
More than 6 changes	‡		29		‡		7	!	#		9	!	10	!	‡

Regular use of law enforcement⁸
Regular use	‡		28		‡		9		‡		17		10		‡
No regular use	2	!	18		2	!	5		1	!	10		7		1	!

Number of serious discipline problems⁹
No problems	#		1	!	#		#		#		#		5		‡
1 problem	#		79		#		‡		‡		18		8	!	‡
2 problems	8	!	74		9	!	23		‡		75		10	!	‡
3 or more problems	20	!	93		21	!	93		11	!	97		38		‡

Transfers as a percentage of enrollment¹⁰
Less than 6 percent	#		10		#		‡		‡		7	!	‡		#
6 to less than 11 percent	‡		18		‡		2	!	#		6	!	5	!	‡
11 to less than 21 percent	‡		19		‡		6	!	‡		12		5		‡
21 percent or more	3	!	28		2	!	11		1	!	19		13		‡

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions¹¹
No disruptions	2		20		2	!	6		1	!	12		7		1	!
Any disruptions	#		23	!	‡		‡		‡		23	!	13	!	‡

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	‡		15		#		‡		#		5	!	‡		‡
3–5 percent	1	!	18		2	!	5		‡		11		7		‡
6–10 percent	‡		27		‡		9		2	!	15		9		‡
More than 10 percent	‡		28		‡		15	!	#		23		16		‡

Prevalence of violent incidents¹²
No violent incidents	#		9		‡		‡		#		3	!	3	!	#
Any violent incidents	2		26		2	!	8		1	!	16		10		2	!
# Rounds to zero.
! Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is from 30 percent to 50 percent of the estimate’s value.
‡ Reporting standards not met. The standard error for this estimate is equal to 50 percent or more of the estimate's value.
¹ Sexual harassment was defined for respondents as "unsolicited, offensive behavior that inappropriately asserts sexuality over another person. This behavior may be verbal or nonverbal."
² Gang was defined for respondents as "an ongoing loosely organized association of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, that has a common name, signs, symbols, or colors, whose members engage, either individually or collectively, in violent or other forms of illegal behavior."
³ Cult or extremist group was defined for respondents as "a group that espouses radical beliefs and practices, which may include a religious component, that are widely seen as threatening the basic values and cultural norms of society at large."
⁴ Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and "students come from areas with very different levels of crime."
⁵ Responding schools that did not have race/ethnicity on the sampling frame (2 percent of schools) are excluded from the base.
⁶ Student-to-FTE ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁷ Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁸ Respondents were asked, "During the 2005–2006 school year, did you have any sworn law enforcement officers, security guards, or security personnel present at your school at least once a week?"
⁹ Serious discipline problems include student racial tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, student acts of disrespect for teachers, gang activities, and cult or extremist group activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
¹⁰ Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹¹ Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
¹² Violent incidents include rape or attempted rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: "At school" was defined for respondents to include activities that happen in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that hold school-sponsored events or activities. Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school. Detail may not sum to totals, because schools may have reported having more than one of these disciplinary problems. Primary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), 2005–06 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2006.

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