Table 26. Mean number of practices for monitoring access to campus used per school, and the percentage of public schools that monitored access to campus in specified ways, by selected school characteristics: School year 2007

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)

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Table 26. Mean number of practices for monitoring access to campus used per school, and the percentage of public schools that monitored access to campus in specified ways, by selected school characteristics: School year 2007–08
	Mean number of practices for monitoring access to campus used per school¹	Percentage of schools that monitored access to campus in specified ways
School characteristic		Require visitors to sign or check in	Control access to school buildings during school hours²	Control access to school grounds during school hours³	Require students to pass through metal detectors each day		Perform one or more random metal detector checks on students		Close the campus for most students during lunch
All public schools	3	99	90	43	1		5		65

Level⁴
Primary	3	99	92	45	‡		2		60
Middle	3	99	91	42	2		9		78
High school	3	99	85	41	4		11		69
Combined	3	95	76	29	‡		9	!	67

Enrollment size
Less than 300	3	96	85	33	1	!	3	!	65
300–499	3	99	91	40	2	!	5		64
500–999	3	99	92	47	1	!	5		63
1,000 or more	3	100	87	52	3		14		74

Urbanicity
City	3	99	92	54	4		12		67
Suburb	3	100	94	47	#		3		62
Town	3	100	89	38	‡		4	!	70
Rural	3	97	84	31	#		3		64

Crime level where students live⁵
High	3	99	97	58	6	!	19		67
Moderate	3	100	90	51	3		10		69
Low	3	98	88	36	‡		2		64
Mixed	3	98	91	49	1	!	5		64

Percent of combined Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, and American Indian/ Alaska Native students
Less than 5 percent	3	96	86	23	‡		1	!	67
5 to less than 20 percent	3	99	91	35	‡		1	!	62
20 to less than 50 percent	3	99	89	43	#		3		63
50 percent or more	3	99	90	58	4		12		68

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	3	99	91	41	‡		1		63
21–50 percent	3	99	90	37	‡		3		68
More than 50 percent	3	98	89	48	3		10		63

Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	3	99	91	41	1	!	3		63
6–15 percent	3	99	89	40	#		3		66
More than 15 percent	3	98	89	49	4		12		66

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	3	98	88	46	2		9		65
36–60 percent	3	99	89	39	2		8		67
More than 60 percent	3	99	90	43	1	!	2		64

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	3	95	84	41	3	!	7		70
26–50 percent	3	99	88	43	2	!	11		72
51–75 percent	3	100	89	41	1		6		64
More than 75 percent	3	98	91	44	1	!	2		62

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	3	98	90	39	2	!	6		47
45–55 percent	3	99	89	42	1		5		66
More than 55 percent	3	99	92	49	3	!	7		70

Student-to-FTE ratio⁶
Less than 12 students	3	98	88	39	1		5		62
12–16 students	3	99	93	41	2		6		66
More than 16 students	3	99	87	58	2	!	6		74

Number of classroom changes⁷
0–3 changes	3	98	91	52	‡		3	!	59
4–6 changes	3	99	90	43	1	!	6		63
More than 6 changes	3	99	87	34	2		7		73

Regular use of law enforcement⁸
Regular use	3	99	91	47	3		10		67
No regular use	3	98	88	39	‡		2		63

Number of serious discipline problems⁹
No problems	3	98	89	42	1		4		61
1 problem	3	99	90	45	2	!	5		74
2 problems	3	100	91	38	4	!	12		68
3 or more problems	3	100	88	47	3	!	18		73

Transfers as a percentage
of enrollment¹⁰
Less than 6 percent	3	98	92	43	1	!	3		63
6 to less than 11 percent	3	99	88	37	1	!	5		65
11 to less than 21 percent	3	99	88	38	2	!	6		65
21 percent or more	3	98	91	51	2		7		66

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions¹¹
No disruptions	3	99	90	43	1		5		65
Any disruptions	3	99	88	43	3		14		69

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	3	97	87	51	‡		2	!	64
3–5 percent	3	99	90	40	1	!	3		64
6–10 percent	3	100	90	45	1	!	8		68
More than 10 percent	3	95	87	42	9		17		64

Prevalence of violent incidents¹²
No violent incidents	3	98	90	41	‡		‡		57
Any violent incidents	3	99	89	43	2		7		68
#Rounds to zero.
!Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is from 30 percent to 50 percent of the estimate’s value.
‡Reporting standards not met. The standard error for this estimate is equal to 50 percent or more of the estimate's value.
¹ Data represent the mean number of "yes" responses to the practices listed.
² Examples of controlled access to school buildings provided to respondents were locked or monitored doors.
³ Examples of controlled access to school grounds provided to respondents were locked or monitored gates.
⁴ Primary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9. High schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 12. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools.
⁵ Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and "students come from areas with very different levels of crime."
⁶ Student-to-FTE ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁷ Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁸ Respondents were asked, "During the 2007–08 school year, did you have any security guards, security personnel, or sworn law enforcement officers present at your school at least once a week?"
⁹ Serious discipline problems include student racial/ethnic tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, student acts of disrespect for teachers other than verbal abuse, gang activities, and cult or extremist group activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
¹⁰ Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹¹ Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
¹² Violent incidents include rape or attempted rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school. Detail may not sum to totals because schools may have reported using more than one of these practices.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), 2007–08 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2008.

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