Table 2.15. Use of criterion-referenced tests aligned to state standards, by subject area, state, and level: 2006

Table 2.15. Use of criterion-referenced tests aligned to state standards, by subject area, state, and level: 2006–07

State	Aligned to state standards		Off-the-shelf/norm- referenced test (NRT)³	Criterion-referenced tests
State	Criterion-referenced tests (CRT)¹	Augmented or hybrid test ²	Off-the-shelf/norm- referenced test (NRT)³	English/ language arts	Mathematics	Science	Social studies/ history
United States ⁴	45	10	19	51	50	35	19

Alabama	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	HS	HS
Alaska	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Arizona	Yes	Yes	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Arkansas	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS	—
California	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	MS HS

Colorado	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—
Connecticut	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	HS	—
Delaware	No	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
District of Columbia	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Florida	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—

Georgia	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Hawaii	No	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Idaho	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Illinois	Yes	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	HS	—
Indiana	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS	—

Iowa	No	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—
Kansas	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Kentucky	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Louisiana	Yes	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Maine	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS	—

Maryland	Yes	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	HS	HS
Massachusetts	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—
Michigan	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	MS HS
Minnesota	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Mississippi	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	HS

Missouri	No	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Montana	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Nebraska	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	—	—	—
Nevada	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
New Hampshire	Yes	No	No	ES MS	ES MS	—	—

New Jersey	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS	—
New Mexico	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—
New York	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
North Carolina	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	HS	HS
North Dakota	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—

Ohio	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Oklahoma	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Oregon	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	MS HS	—
Pennsylvania	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
Rhode Island	Yes	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—

South Carolina	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
South Dakota	No	Yes	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—
Tennessee	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Texas	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	MS HS
Utah	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—

Vermont	Yes	No	No	ES MS	ES MS	—	—
Virginia	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Washington	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—
West Virginia	Yes	No	Yes	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS
Wisconsin	No	Yes	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	ES MS HS
Wyoming	Yes	No	No	ES MS HS	ES MS HS	—	—
— Not available. ¹ Custom-developed/criterion-referenced tests (CRTs) are explicitly designed to measure state content standards. ² Augmented or hybrid tests incorporate elements of both NRTs and CRTs. These tests include NRTs that have been augmented or modified to reflect state standards. ³ Off-the-shelf/norm-referenced tests (NRTs) are commercially developed tests that have not been modified to reflect state content standards. ⁴ National total reflects the number of "Yes" responses for the column, or the number of states with CRTs. NOTE: ES = elementary school, MS = middle school, and HS = high school. SOURCE: Quality Counts 2007: Cradle to Career, Editorial Projects in Education Research Center, Education Week, 2007. Data Source

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