Indicators of parents' difficulty participating in student's school because of parent language: Among students enrolled in kindergarten through 12th grade with at least one parent/guardian who did not learn English first or does not speak English in the home, percentage of parent(s)/guardian(s) that had difficulty participating in school activities, were provided interpreters or translated materials by their student's school, attended a PTA/PTO meeting; and the average number of times an adult in the student's household participated in a school activity or meeting: 2019

	Students with at least one parent/guardian who did not learn English first or does not speak English in the home
Percent of students whose parent(s)/guardian(s) experienced at least some difficulty participating in activities at the student's school due to speaking a non-English language	57
Percent of students whose school provides interpreters in the parent's/guardian's native language for meetings or parent-teacher conferences	70
Percent of students whose school provides translated written materials in the parent's/guardian's native language	70
Percent of students for whom an adult in the household attended a PTA/PTO meeting¹	54
Average number of times an adult in the household participated in meetings or activities at the student's school	5

¹"PTA" stands for Parent Teacher Association, and "PTO" stands for Parent Teacher Organization.
NOTE: Students who were homeschooled full or part-time were excluded from the table. The NHES questionnaire is available in English and Spanish only.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (PFI-NHES), 2019.