Number and percentage of children from birth through age 6 and not yet in kindergarten who have ever attended a Head Start or Early Head Start program: 2001, 2005, 2012

Characteristic	2001				2005				2012
Characteristic	Number		Percent		Number		Percent		Number		Percent
Total	1,254,000		6		1,446,600		7		1,980,200		9

Language spoken most at home by parents/guardians
Both/only parent(s)/guardian(s) speak(s) English	1,059,200		6		1,170,600		7		1,587,700		9
One of two or no parent/guardian speaks English	194,800		8		276,000		9		392,600		12
One of two parents/guardians speaks English	31,100		7		53,700		9		96,800		12
No parent/guardian speaks English	163,700		8		222,300		9		295,800		12

Both/only parent(s)/guardian(s) speak(s) English
White, non-Hispanic	374,900		3		441,300		4		529,000		5
Black, non-Hispanic	491,300		17		502,200		17		551,100		20
Hispanic	134,300		8		141,100		7		312,400		10
Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		43,500	!	6	!
Other race, non-Hispanic¹	52,300		8		76,700		6		151,600		12

One of two or no parent/guardian speaks English
White, non-Hispanic	17,600	!	7	!	‡		‡		22,300	!	6	!
Black, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Hispanic	150,000		8		216,800		9		325,500		14
Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		36,700	!	11	!	13,400	!	3	!
Other race, non-Hispanic¹	‡		‡		#		#		#		#

# Rounds to zero.

! Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is 30 to 50 percent of the estimate's value.

‡ Reporting standards not met. The standard error for this estimate is equal to 50 percent or more of the estimate's value.

¹"Other race, non-Hispanic" includes American Indian and Alaska Native children who are not Hispanic and children reported as a race/ethnicity not listed.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates are based on a total of 20,281,225 children in 2001, 20,690,936 children in 2005, and 21,674,720 children in 2012, all of whom were from birth through age 6 at the time of data collection and not yet in kindergarten. While National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) administrations prior to 2012 were administered via telephone with an interviewer, NHES:2012 used self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaires that were mailed to respondents. Measurable differences in estimates between 2012 and prior years could reflect actual changes in the population, or the changes could be due to the mode change from telephone to mail.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the 2001 National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2001), the 2005 National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2005), and the 2012 National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2012).