Number of children less than one year old, percentage of children less than one year old in a regularly scheduled weekly center-based care arrangement, average and total yearly parental out-of-pocket expense of those in regularly scheduled weekly center-based care arrangements paid by their families: 1995, 2001, 2012, 2016

Year	Number of children under age 1 (thousands)	Child in a regularly scheduled weekly center-based care arrangement less than one year old
		Percentage	Percentage whose parents have out- of-pocket costs²	Constant 2016 dollars¹
		Percentage	Percentage whose parents have out- of-pocket costs²	Average yearly parental out-of- pocket expense²	Total yearly parental out-of- pocket expense (millions)²
1995	4,158	6.2	80.4	$5,700	$1,186
2001	3,868	7.7	88.7	$7,000	$1,838
2012	4,794	10.6	75.7	$8,900	$3,401
2016	4,724	12.5	86.0	$9,700	$4,918

¹ Expenses are reported in constant 2016 dollars, adjusted using the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
²Estimates include only those children whose families paid at least part of the cost out-of-pocket for their child to receive center-based care at least weekly.
NOTE: Center-based arrangements include day care centers, Head Start programs, preschools, prekindergartens, and other early childhood programs. The National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) administrations in 1995 and 2001 were administered via telephone with an interviewer. In 2012 and 2016, self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaires that were mailed to respondents. Differences between estimates for 2012 and 2016 and estimates for the earlier years in this table could reflect changes in the population such as changes in the distribution of full- and part-time center-based care arrangements, changes due to the mode change from telephone to mail, or other sources of error.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:1995, 2001, 2012, and 2016).