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Table 23.  Number and percentage of public elementary schools with a written plan for crisis, and percent of schools with specified types of crisis plan components, by selected school characteristics: 1999–2000


School characteristic Schools with
written plan		   Specific crisis plan components
Number of schools Percent of schools   Shootings Riots or large-scale fights Schoolwide threats1 Natural disasters2 Hostages
All public elementary schools 47,700 96   70 57 91 92 66
                 
Enrollment size                
Less than 300 12,147 93   60 51 89 88 59
300–499 15,602 95   74 60 92 91 68
500–999 18,322 97   74 57 91 95 69
1,000 or more1,629 100   78 66 94 97 55
                 
Urbanicity                
City 12,809 97   71 58 91 90 59
Urban fringe 15,779 95   70 59 89 92 68
Town 5,570 100   86 65 98 96 71
Rural 13,542 94   63 50 91 94 66
                 
Crime level where students live3                
High 3,988 95   64 59 89 88 57
Moderate 9,017 96   78 69 95 93 71
Low 30,773 96   69 53 90 93 66
Mixed 3,849 95   70 54 95 86 60
                 
Percent minority enrollment3                
0–5 percent 13,297 95   67 52 89 94 67
6–20 percent 10,404 97   72 54 94 93 67
21–50 percent 9,349 96   73 60 91 94 68
More than 50 percent 14,101 96   70 61 91 90 62
                 
Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch                
0–20 percent 11,678 94   63 47 90 93 64
21–50 percent 15,301 97   75 62 92 95 71
More than 50 percent 20,722 95   71 59 91 90 62
                 
Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests                
0–5 percent 14,817 95   67 56 87 92 65
6–15 percent 18,601 98   75 57 95 95 69
More than 15 percent 14,282 94   68 57 90 88 62
                 
Percent of students likely to attend college                
0–35 percent 15,685 95   70 60 92 93 67
36–60 percent 17,213 95   73 58 91 91 64
More than 60 percent 14,802 97   67 53 90 93 65
                 
Percent of students who consider academic achievement important                
0–25 percent 3,411 97   72 49 94 86 68
26–50 percent 10,319 92   72 63 90 92 72
51–75 percent 14,628 96   71 56 93 91 62
More than 75 percent 19,342 97   69 56 90 94 64
                 
Percent male enrollment                
0–44 percent 5,950 95   60 50 93 94 63
45–55 percent 35,290 95   72 56 90 92 66
More than 55 percent 6,461 97   74 66 93 92 68
                 
Student/teacher ratio3,4                
Less than 12 15,451 94   68 53 89 92 65
12–16 15,658 97   71 58 93 95 68
More than 16 14,333 96   72 59 92 90 63
                 
Number of classroom changes3                
0–3 changes 19,256 95   69 57 90 90 63
4–6 changes 21,806 96   71 57 92 94 64
More than 6 changes 5,702 95   75 59 91 93 80
                 
Use of paid law enforcement5                
Regular use 17,710 96   74 59 92 93 67
No regular use 29,990 95   68 55 90 92 65
                 
Number of serious discipline problems6                
No problems 31,604 97   69 55 92 93 65
1 problem 8,162 93   67 56 90 88 66
2 problems 3,965 93   76 61 88 89 65
3 or more problems 3,970 95   78 67 91 93 72
                 
Transfers as percentage of enrollment3,7                
0 to 6 percent 9,372 94   57 44 89 88 57
6 to 11 percent 10,388 96   75 59 90 93 70
11 to 21 percent 10,920 94   69 59 89 93 64
21 percent or more 15,161 98   78 62 94 94 70
                 
Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions3,8                
No disruptions 42,036 95   70 56 91 92 65
Any disruptions 2,274 100   77 63 97 97 67
                 
Percent of students absent without excuses                
None 9,869 95   69 48 91 93 71
1–2 percent 20,263 96   71 57 91 93 65
3–5 percent 12,694 97   69 59 92 94 66
6–10 percent 2,936 89   69 63 86 81 59
More than 10 percent 1,939 96   77 68 91 90 62
                 
Prevalence of violent incidents3,9                
No violent incidents 19,007 98   71 60 93 94 68
Any violent incidents 28,478 94   70 55 90 91 65
1 Bomb scares, anthrax scares, or comparable schoolwide threats (not including fire).
2 For example, earthquakes or tornadoes.
3 Some schools are omitted from these categories because of missing data on their school characteristics. For this reason, the detailed results do not sum to the totals. See appendix J of 2000 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) Detailed Data Documentation (NCES 2004-307) for further information.
4 Student/teacher ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time equivalent teachers. The total number of full-time equivalent teachers is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers, including special education teachers, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
5 Schools were included as regularly using paid law enforcement if they reported the use of paid law enforcement during any of the following times: at any time during school hours, while students were arriving or leaving, at selected school activities (e.g., athletic and social events, open houses, science fairs), or at any other time that the respondent specified.
6 Serious discipline problems is a count of discipline problems reported by principals. These discipline problems include student racial tensions, student bullying, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, and student acts of disrespect for teachers. If a principal reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems. Undesirable gang activities and undesirable cult or extremist group activities were also counted once as a problem if the principal reported that these events occurred at all in their school.
7 Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school, divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
8 Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as bomb threats or anthrax threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
9 Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. "At school/at your school" was defined for respondents as including activities happening in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that are holding school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to, unless the survey specified otherwise, only respond for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities/events were in session. A gang was defined for respondents as, "an ongoing loosely organized association of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, that has a common name, signs, symbols or colors, whose members engage, either individually or collectively, in violent or other forms of illegal behavior." Elementary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2000.

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