IEA: Percentage of eighth-grade students, by their mathematics teachers' participation in professional development over the prior 2 years and jurisdiction: 2007

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Table C.2.11b.	IEA: Percentage of eighth-grade students, by their mathematics teachers' participation in professional development over the prior 2 years and jurisdiction: 2007

Jurisdiction	Mathematics content	s.e		Mathematics pedagogy/ instruction	s.e	Mathematics curriculum	s.e		Integrating information technology into mathematics	s.e	Improving students' critical thinking or problem solving skills	s.e		Mathematics assessment	s.e
International average	56	0.5		59	0.5	51	0.5		45	0.5	46	0.5		48	0.5

Algeria	51	4.4		66	4.0	51	4.4		27	3.6	60	4.5		51	4.5
Armenia	56	3.9		67	3.7	69	4.1		32	3.9	38	4.2		45	3.9
Australia	69	3.8		61	3.4	69	3.3		57	3.2	45	3.7		59	3.6
Bahrain	33	2.4		48	2.4	26	2.2		69	2.4	56	2.7		40	2.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	67	3.9		60	3.8	56	3.6		39	3.6	43	3.8		46	4.3

Botswana	20	3.5		12	2.5	11	2.7		13	3.2	27	4.1		27	4.0
Bulgaria	59	3.6		42	3.4	60	3.6		69	3.5	25	3.0		44	3.4
Chinese Taipei	84	2.9		79	3.3	84	3.1		73	3.6	40	4.1		52	4.5
Colombia	70	4.0		64	5.5	67	4.3		51	4.9	60	4.6		53	4.6
Cyprus	69	2.9		70	2.7	56	2.3		59	3.4	46	2.7		48	2.9

Czech Republic	47	4.2		45	4.1	35	3.8		49	4.6	28	3.3		22	3.3
Egypt	46	4.0		66	3.9	34	4.1		54	4.1	77	3.4		51	3.7
El Salvador	49	4.0		42	3.9	26	3.9		26	3.7	45	4.0		38	4.4
England	66	3.9		79	3.3	61	4.3		62	4.2	40	3.7		58	3.9
Georgia	30	4.3		49	4.6	52	5.5		26	4.3	59	5.3		64	5.0

Ghana	60	3.9		38	3.6	44	3.8		13	2.5	44	4.3		46	4.2
Hong Kong SAR¹	78	3.5		71	4.0	72	4.0		63	4.3	60	4.7		56	4.1
Hungary	51	3.9		53	3.3	28	3.9		26	3.6	34	4.1		32	3.7
Indonesia	71	3.9		69	4.2	77	3.8		29	4.0	57	4.4		69	4.0
Iran, Islamic Rep. of	57	4.3		78	3.1	47	3.8		28	3.4	52	3.9		44	3.8

Israel	59	3.6	2	63	3.6	50	3.7	2	35	3.5	45	3.6	2	33	3.6	2
Italy	16	2.1		34	3.3	15	2.0		43	3.1	9	1.6		17	2.7
Japan	74	3.4		76	3.4	31	3.5		27	3.3	39	3.7		39	3.5
Jordan	57	4.2		78	3.3	62	3.9		65	4.4	67	3.5		53	3.4
Korea, Rep. of	48	3.3		50	3.5	41	3.3		31	3.2	22	2.8		33	3.2

Kuwait	45	4.4	2	62	4.2	30	3.8	2	45	5.1	69	4.6	2	43	4.7	2
Lebanon	68	3.6		67	3.6	54	4.7		50	5.0	68	4.2		70	3.7
Lithuania	85	2.7		81	3.1	71	3.3		69	3.5	52	3.8		65	3.8
Malaysia	57	4.0		46	4.2	52	4.0		61	3.7	27	3.8		38	3.6
Malta	47	0.2		71	0.2	60	0.2		83	0.2	31	0.2		68	0.2

Norway	40	3.9		39	3.9	44	4.0		35	3.7	18	3.2		22	3.3
Oman	54	4.7		42	4.0	58	4.5		24	3.9	36	4.1		48	4.1
Palestinian Nat'l Auth.	44	4.3		47	4.5	34	4.4		26	3.6	45	4.4		35	4.3
Qatar	43	0.1		56	0.2	37	0.1		54	0.2	50	0.1		43	0.2
Romania	71	3.4		55	3.4	53	3.9		57	3.9	56	3.8		69	3.6

Russian Federation	84	2.4		73	3.0	74	3.1		67	3.1	62	3.0		60	2.8
Saudi Arabia	26	4.1		47	4.6	19	3.2		24	4.1	34	4.0		24	4.1
Scotland	80	3.4		93	2.0	74	3.3		79	3.0	56	4.1		71	3.1
Serbia	72	4.1		50	4.4	45	4.3		33	3.8	37	4.1		46	4.0
Singapore	81	1.8		88	1.7	65	2.3		74	2.0	63	2.2		61	2.4

Slovenia	70	2.8		65	2.9	66	3.2		62	3.0	37	2.8		72	2.8
Sweden	41	3.1		48	3.3	38	3.1		9	1.8	28	3.2		46	3.2
Syrian Arab Republic	13	2.5		20	3.4	17	3.3		15	2.6	49	4.1		32	4.1
Thailand	82	3.3		80	3.3	79	3.6		73	3.7	82	3.1		83	3.1
Tunisia	24	3.6		35	4.4	26	3.8		22	3.4	36	4.1		32	4.1

Turkey	47	4.0		48	4.5	69	4.0		18	3.3	24	4.0		27	3.8
Ukraine	79	3.6		82	3.1	81	3.5		75	3.7	80	3.3		83	3.4
United States	81	*2.1*		76	*2.4*	80	*1.7*		61	*3.0*	65	*2.8*		69	*2.5*

Benchmarking jurisdictions
Basque Country, Spain	24	4.0		26	4.3	27	4.7		32	4.5	19	3.9		19	3.7
British Columbia, Canada	77	3.0		70	3.6	69	3.5		51	3.9	75	2.8		58	4.0
Dubai, UAE	65	3.6	3	57	3.4	60	4.6	3	57	3.8	67	4.7	3	62	4.7	3
Massachusetts, United States	94	2.9		91	3.6	75	4.6		64	5.6	65	6.3		61	4.9
Minnesota, United States	78	6.6	2	75	5.4	80	5.6	2	57	7.7	62	7.5	2	63	6.6	2

Ontario, Canada	82	2.9		73	3.4	76	3.3		51	4.5	67	4.1		61	4.7
Quebec, Canada	57	3.9		74	3.7	78	3.6		27	3.8	35	4.3		78	3.6
¹Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China.
²Data are available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of students.
³Data are available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of students.
NOTE: Background data provided by teachers. Participation in professional development activities must have occured within the past 2 years. Morocco participated in TIMSS 2007 but did not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates and is therefore not shown. The international average is the average of the jurisdiction averages but does not include the Benchmarking jurisdictions. Benchmarking jurisdictions are subnational entities that followed the same international guidelines as countries to participate in TIMSS. Apparent differences may not be statistically significant. Standard error is noted by s.e.
SOURCE: Data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2007. Mullis, I.V.S., Martin, M.O., and Foy, P. (2008). TIMSS 2007 International Mathematics Report: Findings from IEA's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study at the Fourth and Eighth Grades, exhibit 6.4. Chestnut Hill, MA: Boston College.