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Statistics in Brief:
Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education: School Year 1996-1997
June 1999
(NCES 1999-301) Ordering information
About $305 billion of revenues were raised by local, state and federal governments to fund public education for grades prekindergarten through the 12th grade in school year 1996-1997. Current expenditures (those excluding construction, equipment and debt financing) came to $270 billion. Three out of every five dollars were spent on teachers, textbooks and other instructional services and supplies. An average of $5,923 was spent on each student--an increase of 4.2 percent from $5,689 in school year 1995-1996.
These and other financial data on public elementary and secondary education are collected and reported each year by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), U.S. Department of Education. The data are part of the National Public Education Financial Survey, one of the components of the Common Core of Data (CCD) collection of surveys.
Revenues for Public Elementary-Secondary Education
About $305 billion were collected for public elementary secondary education in School Year (SY) 1996B1997 in the 50 states and the District of Columbia (table 1). Revenues ranged from a high of around $34 billion in California, which serves about one out of every eight students in the nation, to a low of about $643 million in North Dakota, which serves about one out of every 380 students. Nationally, revenues increased an average of 6.0 percent over last year's revenues of $288 billion (in unadjusted dollars).
By far, the greatest part of education revenues came from nonfederal sources (state, intermediate, and local governments) which together provided about $285 billion or 93.4 percent of all revenues.
(Definitions for each item including state and local revenues, are provided at the end of the text.) The federal government contribution to education revenues made up the remaining $20 billion. The relative contributions from these levels of government can be expressed as portions of the typical education dollar (figure 1). Local and intermediate sources made up 45 cents of every dollar in revenue; state revenues 48 cents; and the remaining 7 cents came from federal sources.
Revenues from local sources made up between 2.4 percent and 89.5 percent of all revenues (table 2). As might be expected, revenues from state sources also showed a wide distribution in their share of total revenues. The state revenue share of total revenues was less than 30 percent in three states: New Hampshire (7.4 percent), Illinois (27.0 percent), and Vermont (28.6 percent); and more than 70 percent in Hawaii (89.5 percent) and New Mexico (73.1 percent). Hawaii and the District of Columbia have only one school district each. Federal revenues ranged from 3.5 percent in Connecticut, New Hampshire and New Jersey to 14.0 percent in Mississippi.
Current Expenditures for Public Elementary-Secondary Education
Current expenditures for public education in 1996B1997 totaled about $270 billion (table 3). This represents a $15 billion (5.9 percent) increase over expenditures in the previous fiscal year ($255 billion in unadjusted dollars). About $167 billion in current expenditures went for instruction. Another $91 billion were expended for a cluster of services that support instruction. Nearly $12 billion were spent on noninstructional services.
Instructional expenditures accounted for about 62 cents out of the education dollar (figure 2). These expenditures include teachers' salaries and benefits, supplies (such as textbooks), and purchased services. Another 34 cents of the education dollar went for support services, which include operation and maintenance of buildings, school administration, transportation, and other student and school support activities (e.g., student counseling, libraries, and health services). About 4 cents of every dollar went to noninstructional activities, which include school meals and enterprise activities such as bookstores.
Most states were closely clustered around the national average in terms of the share of current expenditures that were spent on instruction; all but 5 states and the District of Columbia spent more than 59 percent of their current expenditures on instruction. Three states spent more than two-thirds of their current expenditures on instruction. These were Maine (68.2 percent), New York (67.6 percent), and Rhode Island (67.0 percent).
Current Expenditures Per Student
In 1996B1997, the 50 states and District of Columbia spent an average of $5,923 for every pupil in membership (table 5). This represents a 4.2 percent increase from the previous year ($5,689) Four states expended more than $8,000 per pupil. These were New Jersey ($9,588), Connecticut ($8,580), New York ($8,525), and Alaska ($8,231). The District of Columbia, which comprises a single urban district spent $8,048 per pupil. Only one state had expenditures of less than $4,000 for each pupil in membership: Utah ($3,783). The median per pupil expenditure was $5,734, indicating half of the states educated students at a cost of less than $5,734 per student.
On the average, for every student about $3,665 was spent for instructional services, $1,996 for support services, and $262 for noninstructional purposes.
Technical Notes
The "National Public Education Financial Survey" (NPEFS) is an annual state-level collection of revenues and expenditures for public education in grades prekindergarten through 12. It is part of the Common Core of Data collection of surveys of administrative records data relating to public elementary and secondary education. Revenues and expenditures are audited after the close of the fiscal year and are then submitted to NCES by each state education agency. Information to explain all missing and zero values is also collected. The data are processed and edited by NCES and verified by each state education agency.
NCES has made adjustments for missing data. Values that were missing and not reported elsewhere in the submission were imputed. The method used for all of the imputations was to: (a) create a subset of states reporting the item in question; (b) subtract the value for that item from each state's total revenues (or expenditures); (c) compute the ratio of that item to the reduced total (step b) for each state; (d) compute the average of these ratios; (e) multiply the total revenues (or expenditures) of the state with the missing item by the average ratio; and (f) substitute the imputed estimate for the missing item and then recompute the subtotals and totals. Revenues and expenditures for food services or student activities were imputed for Connecticut, Louisiana, and Virginia.
Other adjustments were made when a single value was reported for two or more items. NCES distributed portions of the single state reported value to the missing item(s). In most cases, these distribution types of adjustments did not affect total revenues or total expenditures. For more information on these adjustments, the reader should refer to the database documentation.
For More Information
This report used information from the Common Core of Data "National Public Education Financial Survey Fiscal Year 1997" and "State Nonfiscal Survey X School Year 1996-1997." For more information about this Statistics in Brief or the data set, contact Frank Johnson, National Center for Education Statistics, 1900 K Street NW, Suite 9000, Washington DC 20006; or e-mail frank.johnson@ed.gov.
Definitions
Definitions are those for the day-to-day operation of schools. They include all expenditures except those associated with repaying debts, capital outlays (e.g., purchases of land, school construction and repair, and equipment), and programs outside the regular preschoolBgrade 12 scope such as adult education, community colleges, and community services. Expenditures for items lasting more than one year (such as school buses and computers) are not included in current expenditures.
Federal revenues include direct grants-in-aid to schools or agencies, funds distributed through a state or intermediate agency, and revenues in lieu of taxes to compensate a school district for nontaxable federal institutions within a district's boundary.
Instructional expenditures are current expenditures for activities directly associated with the interaction between teachers and students. These include teacher salaries and benefits, supplies (such as textbooks), and purchased instructional services.
Intermediate revenues come from sources that are not local or state education agencies, but operate at an intermediate level between local and state education agencies and possess independent fund-raising capability.
Local revenues include revenues from such sources as local property and nonproperty taxes, investments, and revenues from student activities, textbook sales, transportation and tuition fees, and food service revenues.
Noninstructional expenditures go for food service (94 percent) and enterprise operations such as bookstores and interscholastic athletics.
State revenues include both direct funds from state governments and revenues in lieu of taxation. Revenues in lieu of taxes are paid to compensate a school district for nontaxable state institutions or facilities within the district's boundary.
Student membership is the count of students enrolled on or about October 1.
Support services expenditures are current expenditures for activities which support instruction. These services include operation and maintenance of buildings, school administration, student support services (e.g., nurses, therapists, and guidance counselors), student transportation, instructional staff support (librarians, instructional specialists), school district administration, business services, research, and data processing.
Table 1.--Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state: School year 1996-1997
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[In thousands of dollars]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Revenues, by source
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
State Total Local Interm State Federal
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
United States $305,051,963 * $137,394,127 * $1,142,651 $146,433,951 $20,081,235
Alabama 3,955,039 1,070,751 7,449 2,498,675 378,164
Alaska 1,219,017 301,756 0 772,919 144,341
Arizona 4,400,591 1,840,643 170,221 1,981,318 408,410
Arkansas 2,371,834 757,795 3,073 1,424,952 186,015
California 34,477,895 10,980,086 0 20,679,410 2,818,398
Colorado 4,045,015 2,046,171 1,454 1,785,790 211,601
Connecticut 4,899,850 * 2,912,117 * 0 1,817,333 170,400
Delaware 878,326 242,436 0 569,041 66,850
District of Columbia 711,504 636,564 0 0 74,941
Florida 13,861,434 6,071,255 0 6,768,050 1,022,129
Georgia 8,129,250 3,206,675 0 4,366,411 556,165
Hawaii 1,215,924 29,588 0 1,088,411 97,925
Idaho 1,251,263 372,686 0 794,956 83,621
Illinois 13,161,954 8,774,537 0 3,559,351 828,066
Indiana 7,638,406 3,412,827 52,266 3,854,836 318,477
Iowa 3,167,763 1,351,584 8,378 1,646,510 161,291
Kansas 3,040,600 1,035,188 127,115 1,708,043 170,254
Kentucky 3,794,129 1,055,930 0 2,386,935 351,264
Louisiana 4,154,494 * 1,581,121 * 0 2,087,902 485,471
Maine 1,499,504 710,668 0 707,638 81,197
Maryland 6,042,059 3,386,302 0 2,343,421 312,336
Massachusetts 7,229,486 3,998,665 0 2,883,350 347,471
Michigan 13,437,615 3,734,174 14,461 8,805,410 883,570
Minnesota 6,109,916 2,265,400 220,572 3,359,840 264,105
Mississippi 2,259,053 689,288 1,335 1,253,205 315,226
Missouri 5,571,655 2,968,177 26,395 2,247,279 329,806
Montana 991,653 337,805 91,014 469,750 93,084
Nebraska 1,954,789 1,196,961 13,629 627,428 116,772
Nevada 1,705,232 1,090,914 0 543,409 70,908
New Hampshire 1,282,509 1,143,633 0 94,542 44,334
New Jersey 12,376,750 7,149,307 16 4,793,226 434,201
New Mexico 1,829,725 261,207 0 1,336,628 231,891
New York 26,564,743 14,546,815 103,325 10,467,969 1,446,633
North Carolina 6,515,608 1,786,312 0 4,258,020 471,276
North Dakota 642,984 291,385 8,072 266,289 77,238
Ohio 12,587,117 6,679,202 14,070 5,126,180 767,665
Oklahoma 3,251,302 899,017 58,272 2,025,586 268,428
Oregon 3,472,609 1,381,650 48,748 1,826,146 216,065
Pennsylvania 14,441,126 7,972,204 27,791 5,652,779 788,351
Rhode Island 1,193,754 645,048 0 484,813 63,893
South Carolina 3,889,383 1,521,335 0 2,040,324 327,724
South Dakota 747,324 400,520 8,662 265,378 72,764
Tennessee 4,411,971 1,894,063 0 2,141,593 376,315
Texas 22,372,808 11,541,933 85,507 9,026,103 1,719,266
Utah 2,198,285 678,724 0 1,381,527 138,034
Vermont 812,166 541,899 0 232,561 37,706
Virginia 7,204,510 * 4,507,631 * 0 2,338,962 357,917
Washington 6,642,158 1,797,283 18 4,455,423 389,435
West Virginia 2,082,049 596,192 886 1,312,732 172,240
Wisconsin 6,701,115 2,855,644 0 3,557,024 288,447
Wyoming 656,713 245,065 49,924 318,570 43,153
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outlying Areas
American Samoa 47,430 73 95 10,389 36,873
Guam 168,835 152,607 0 0 16,228
Northern Marianas 56,010 616 0 42,899 12,494
Puerto Rico 1,832,790 568 0 1,312,650 519,572
Virgin Islands 141,786 117,532 0 0 24,253
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
* Value contains imputation for missing data. Imputed value is less than 2 percent of total revenues in any one state.
NOTE: Details may not add to total due to rounding. National figures do not include outlying areas.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, NCES, Common Core of Data, National Public Education Financial Survey.
Table 2.--Precentage distribution of revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state: School year 1996-1997
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Within-state percentage distribution
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
State Local Intermediate State Federal
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
United States * 45.0 0.4 48.0 6.6
Alabama 27.1 0.2 63.2 9.6
Alaska 24.8 0.0 63.4 11.8
Arizona 41.8 3.9 45.0 9.3
Arkansas 31.9 0.1 60.1 7.8
California 31.8 0.0 60.0 8.2
Colorado 50.6 0.0 44.1 5.2
Connecticut * 59.4 0.0 37.1 3.5
Delaware 27.6 0.0 64.8 7.6
District of Columbia 89.5 0.0 0.0 10.5
Florida 43.8 0.0 48.8 7.4
Georgia 39.4 0.0 53.7 6.8
Hawaii 2.4 0.0 89.5 8.1
Idaho 29.8 0.0 63.5 6.7
Illinois 66.7 0.0 27.0 6.3
Indiana 44.7 0.7 50.5 4.2
Iowa 42.7 0.3 52.0 5.1
Kansas 34.0 4.2 56.2 5.6
Kentucky 27.8 0.0 62.9 9.3
Louisiana * 38.1 0.0 50.3 11.7
Maine 47.4 0.0 47.2 5.4
Maryland 56.0 0.0 38.8 5.2
Massachusetts 55.3 0.0 39.9 4.8
Michigan 27.8 0.1 65.5 6.6
Minnesota 37.1 3.6 55.0 4.3
Mississippi 30.5 0.1 55.5 14.0
Missouri 53.3 0.5 40.3 5.9
Montana 34.1 9.2 47.4 9.4
Nebraska 61.2 0.7 32.1 6.0
Nevada 64.0 0.0 31.9 4.2
New Hampshire 89.2 0.0 7.4 3.5
New Jersey 57.8 0.0 38.7 3.5
New Mexico 14.3 0.0 73.1 12.7
New York 54.8 0.4 39.4 5.4
North Carolina 27.4 0.0 65.4 7.2
North Dakota 45.3 1.3 41.4 12.0
Ohio 53.1 0.1 40.7 6.1
Oklahoma 27.7 1.8 62.3 8.3
Oregon 39.8 1.4 52.6 6.2
Pennsylvania 55.2 0.2 39.1 5.5
Rhode Island 54.0 0.0 40.6 5.4
South Carolina 39.1 0.0 52.5 8.4
South Dakota 53.6 1.2 35.5 9.7
Tennessee 42.9 0.0 48.5 8.5
Texas 51.6 0.4 40.3 7.7
Utah 30.9 0.0 62.8 6.3
Vermont 66.7 0.0 28.6 4.6
Virginia * 62.6 0.0 32.5 5.0
Washington 27.1 0.0 67.1 5.9
West Virginia 28.6 0.0 63.0 8.3
Wisconsin 42.6 0.0 53.1 4.3
Wyoming 37.3 7.6 48.5 6.6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outlying Areas
American Samoa 0.2 0.2 21.9 77.7
Guam 90.4 0.0 0.0 9.6
Northern Marianas 1.1 0.0 76.6 22.3
Puerto Rico 0.0 0.0 71.6 28.3
Virgin Islands 82.9 0.0 0.0 17.1
___________________________________________________________________________________
* Value contains imputation for missing data. Imputed value is less than 2 percent of total revenues in any one state.
NOTE: Details may not add to total due to rounding. National figures do not include outlying areas.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, NCES, Common Core of Data, National Public Education Financial Survey.
Table 3.--Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools, by function and state: School year 1996-1997
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[In thousands of dollars]
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Current expenditures, by function
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State Total Instruction Support services Noninstruction
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
United States $270,151,583 1/ $167,147,978 2/ $91,041,936 2/ $11,961,669 1/
Alabama 3,436,406 2,105,541 1,079,076 251,788
Alaska 1,069,379 606,333 2/ 427,264 2/ 35,782
Arizona 3,527,473 2,025,072 2/ 1,281,780 2/ 220,621
Arkansas 2,074,113 1,293,081 656,551 124,481
California 29,909,168 18,121,365 10,529,510 1,258,293
Colorado 3,577,211 2,210,900 1,221,481 144,829
Connecticut 4,522,716 1/ 2,881,058 1,418,875 222,783 1/
Delaware 788,715 487,517 261,787 39,411
District of Columbia 632,952 336,860 2/ 272,598 2/ 23,494
Florida 12,018,676 7,033,629 4,381,509 603,538
Georgia 7,230,405 4,514,587 2,287,757 428,060
Hawaii 1,057,069 665,808 321,074 70,187
Idaho 1,090,597 683,594 356,978 50,025
Illinois 11,720,249 7,049,329 4,273,482 397,438
Indiana 6,055,055 3,786,133 2,002,153 266,769
Iowa 2,885,943 1,766,300 978,025 141,618
Kansas 2,568,525 1,477,532 962,406 128,587
Kentucky 3,382,062 2,053,842 1,155,004 173,215
Louisiana 3,747,507 1/ 2,231,393 1,191,011 325,102 1/
Maine 1,351,500 922,055 401,351 28,094
Maryland 5,529,309 3,363,092 1,897,410 268,807
Massachusetts 6,846,610 4,509,876 2,113,367 223,367
Michigan 11,686,124 6,916,820 4,424,697 344,607
Minnesota 5,087,353 3,265,753 1,611,327 210,273
Mississippi 2,035,675 1,249,098 634,860 151,717
Missouri 4,775,931 2,931,449 1,634,778 209,704
Montana 902,252 562,184 302,011 38,057
Nebraska 1,707,455 1,074,270 2/ 503,687 129,498 2/
Nevada 1,434,395 859,392 526,838 48,165
New Hampshire 1,173,958 760,415 2/ 371,963 2/ 41,581 2/
New Jersey 11,771,941 7,229,567 4,172,008 370,366
New Mexico 1,557,376 894,288 585,614 77,473
New York 24,237,291 16,375,194 7,186,590 675,506
North Carolina 5,964,939 3,704,917 1,869,514 390,508
North Dakota 577,498 353,165 175,106 49,228
Ohio 10,948,074 6,518,251 4,021,119 408,704
Oklahoma 2,990,044 1,786,857 1,018,612 184,576
Oregon 3,184,100 1,927,857 1,141,621 114,622
Pennsylvania 12,820,704 8,220,369 4,132,980 467,354
Rhode Island 1,151,888 771,635 347,402 32,850
South Carolina 3,296,661 1,965,815 1,121,812 209,034
South Dakota 627,109 384,756 208,437 33,915
Tennessee 4,145,380 2,687,981 1,242,078 215,321
Texas 20,167,238 12,426,613 6,655,923 1,084,702
Utah 1,822,725 1,205,721 511,223 105,781
Vermont 718,092 467,336 229,343 21,413
Virginia 6,343,766 1/ 3,852,822 2,154,071 336,873 1/
Washington 5,587,808 2/ 3,351,236 2/ 1,970,285 266,286
West Virginia 1,847,560 1,144,463 591,395 111,702
Wisconsin 5,975,122 3,771,582 2,019,452 184,088
Wyoming 591,488 363,275 206,738 21,475
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outlying Areas
American Samoa 33,780 13,590 12,268 7,922
Guam 156,561 85,529 61,896 9,136
Northern Marianas 53,140 42,777 7,555 2,809
Puerto Rico 1,796,077 1,259,605 351,038 185,434
Virgin Islands 122,188 69,435 45,967 6,786
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1/ Value contains imputation for missing data. Imputed value is less than 2 percent of total current expenditures in any one state.
2/ Value affected by redistribution of reported values for missing data items.
NOTE: Details may not add to total due to rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, NCES, Common Core of Data, National Public Education Financial Survey.
Table 4.--Percentage distribution of current expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools, by function and state: School year 1996-1997
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Within-state percentage distribution
------------------------------------------------------------------------
State Instruction Support services Noninstruction
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
United States * 61.9 33.7 4.4
Alabama 61.3 31.4 7.3
Alaska * 56.7 40.0 3.3
Arizona * 57.4 36.3 6.3
Arkansas 62.3 31.7 6.0
California 60.6 35.2 4.2
Colorado 61.8 34.1 4.0
Connecticut * 63.7 31.4 4.9
Delaware 61.8 33.2 5.0
District of Columbia 53.2 43.1 3.7
Florida 58.5 36.5 5.0
Georgia 62.4 31.6 5.9
Hawaii 63.0 30.4 6.6
Idaho 62.7 32.7 4.6
Illinois 60.1 36.5 3.4
Indiana 62.5 33.1 4.4
Iowa 61.2 33.9 4.9
Kansas 57.5 37.5 5.0
Kentucky 60.7 34.2 5.1
Louisiana * 59.5 31.8 8.7
Maine 68.2 29.7 2.1
Maryland 60.8 34.3 4.9
Massachusetts 65.9 30.9 3.3
Michigan 59.2 37.9 2.9
Minnesota 64.2 31.7 4.1
Mississippi 61.4 31.2 7.5
Missouri 61.4 34.2 4.4
Montana 62.3 33.5 4.2
Nebraska * 62.9 29.5 7.6
Nevada 59.9 36.7 3.4
New Hampshire * 64.8 31.7 3.5
New Jersey 61.4 35.4 3.1
New Mexico 57.4 37.6 5.0
New York 67.6 29.7 2.8
North Carolina 62.1 31.3 6.5
North Dakota 61.2 30.3 8.5
Ohio 59.5 36.7 3.7
Oklahoma 59.8 34.1 6.2
Oregon 60.5 35.9 3.6
Pennsylvania 64.1 32.2 3.6
Rhode Island 67.0 30.2 2.9
South Carolina 59.6 34.0 6.3
South Dakota 61.4 33.2 5.4
Tennessee 64.8 30.0 5.2
Texas 61.6 33.0 5.4
Utah 66.1 28.0 5.8
Vermont 65.1 31.9 3.0
Virginia * 60.7 34.0 5.3
Washington * 60.0 35.3 4.8
West Virginia 61.9 32.0 6.0
Wisconsin 63.1 33.8 3.1
Wyoming 61.4 35.0 3.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outlying Areas
American Samoa 40.2 36.3 23.5
Guam 54.6 39.5 5.8
Northern Marianas 80.5 14.2 5.3
Puerto Rico 70.1 19.5 10.3
Virgin Islands 56.8 37.6 5.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* Distribution affected by imputations and redistribution of reported values to correct for missing items.
NOTE: Details may not add to 100 percent due to rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of
Data, "National Public Education Financial Survey."
Table 5.--Student membership and current expenditures per pupil in membership for public elementary and secondary schools, by function and state: School year 1996-1997
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Current expenditures per pupil in membership
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
State Membership Total Instruction Support Noninstruction
Services
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United States 45,611,01/ $5,923 1/ $3,665 1/ $1,996 1/ $262 1/
Alabama 747,932 1/ 4,595 1/ 2,815 1/ 1,443 1/ 337 1/
Alaska 129,919 8,231 2/ 3,289 275
Arizona 799,250 4,413 2/ 1,604 276
Arkansas 457,349 4,535 2,827 1,436 272
California 5,686,191/ 5,260 1/ 3,187 1/ 1,852 1/ 221 1/
Colorado 673,438 5,312 3,283 1,814 215
Connecticut 527,129 8,580 1/ 5,466 2,692 423 1/
Delaware 110,549 7,135 4,410 2,368 357
District of Columbia 78,648 8,048 4,283 2/ 3,466 2/ 299
Florida 2,242,212 5,360 3,137 1,954 269
Georgia 1,346,761 5,369 3,352 1,699 318
Hawaii 187,653 5,633 3,548 1,711 374
Idaho 245,252 4,447 2,787 1,456 204
Illinois 1,973,040 5,940 3,573 2,166 201
Indiana 982,876 6,161 3,852 2,037 271
Iowa 502,941 5,738 3,512 1,945 282
Kansas 466,293 5,508 3,169 2,064 276
Kentucky 656,089 5,155 3,130 1,760 264
Louisiana 793,296 4,724 1/ 2,813 1,501 410 1/
Maine 213,593 6,327 4,317 1,879 132
Maryland 818,583 6,755 4,108 2,318 328
Massachusetts 933,898 7,331 4,829 2,263 239
Michigan 1,685,714 6,932 4,103 2,625 204
Minnesota 847,204 6,005 3,855 1,902 248
Mississippi 503,967 4,039 2,479 1,260 301
Missouri 900,517 5,304 3,255 1,815 233
Montana 164,627 5,481 3,415 1,835 231
Nebraska 291,967 5,848 3,679 2/ 1,725 444 2/
Nevada 282,131 5,084 3,046 1,867 171
New Hampshire 198,308 5,920 3,835 2/ 1,876 2/ 210 2/
New Jersey 1,227,832 9,588 5,888 3,398 302
New Mexico 332,632 4,682 2,689 1,761 233
New York 2,843,131 8,525 5,760 2,528 238
North Carolina 1,210,108 4,929 3,062 1,545 323
North Dakota 120,123 4,808 2,940 1,458 410
Ohio 1,844,698 5,935 3,534 2,180 222
Oklahoma 620,695 4,817 2,879 1,641 297
Oregon 537,854 5,920 3,584 2,123 213
Pennsylvania 1,804,256 7,106 4,556 2,291 259
Rhode Island 151,324 7,612 5,099 2,296 217
South Carolina 652,816 1/ 5,050 1/ 3,011 1/ 1,718 1/ 320 1/
South Dakota 143,331 4,375 2,684 1,454 237
Tennessee 904,818 1/ 4,581 1/ 2,971 1/ 1,373 1/ 238 1/
Texas 3,828,975 5,267 3,245 1,738 283
Utah 481,812 3,783 2,502 1,061 220
Vermont 106,341 6,753 4,395 2,157 201
Virginia 1,096,093 5,788 1/ 3,515 1,965 307 1/
Washington 974,504 5,734 2/ 3,439 2/ 2,022 273
West Virginia 304,052 6,076 3,764 1,945 367
Wisconsin 879,259 6,796 4,290 2,297 209
Wyoming 99,058 5,971 3,667 2,087 217
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outlying Areas
American Samoa 14,766 2,288 920 831 537
Guam 33,393 4,688 2,561 1,854 274
Northern Marianas 9,041 5,878 4,731 836 311
Puerto Rico 618,861 2,902 2,035 567 300
Virgin Islands 22,385 5,458 3,102 2,053 303
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1/ Value contains imputation for missing expenditure data.
2/ Value affected by redistribution of reported expenditure values for missing data items.
NOTE: Details may not add to total due to rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, NCES, Common Core of Data, National Public Education Financial Survey.
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For more information about the content of this report, contact Frank Johnson at Frank.Johnson@ed.gov.
