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Table 1. Average science scale scores of eighth-grade students, by country: 1995, 1999, and 2003
Country	1995			1999			2003
	Average	Standard error		Average	Standard error		Average	Standard error
Australia1	527	4.0		540	4.4		527	3.8
Czech Republic	555	4.5		539	4.2		—	—
Japan	554	1.8		550	2.2		552	1.7
Netherlands1	541	6.0		545	6.9		536	3.1
United States2	513	5.6		515	4.6		527	3.1
1 Nation did not meet international sampling and/or other guidelines in 1995. See Beaton et al. (1996) for details.
2 Nation did not meet international sampling and/or other guidelines in 2003. See Gonzales et al. (2004) for details.
—Not available. The Czech Republic did not participate in the 2003 assessment.
NOTE: Rescaled TIMSS 1995 science scores are reported here (Gonzales et al. 2000). The average for Australia in 2003 cannot be compared to the averages in 1995 and 1999 due to national level changes in the starting age/date for school. The 1995 and 1999 averages are those reported in Gonzales et al. 2000. The 2003 average is the one reported in Gonzales et al. 2004.
SOURCE: Gonzales, P., Calsyn, C., Jocelyn, L., Mak, K., Kastberg, D., Arafeh, S., Williams, T., and Tsen, W. (2000). Pursuing Excellence: Comparisons of International Eighth-Grade Mathematics and Science Achievement from a U.S. Perspective, 1995 and 1999 (NCES 2001-028). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Gonzales, P., Guzman, J.C., Partelow, L., Pahlke, E., Jocelyn, L., Kastberg, D., et al. (2004). Highlights from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

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