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| Table 111. | Average writing performance of 4th, 8th, and 11th graders, by selected characteristics of students: 1984 to 1992 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Selected | 4th graders | 8th graders | 11th graders
characteristics |---------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------
of students | 1984 | 1988 | 1990 | 1992 | 1984 | 1988 | 1990 | 1992 | 1984 | 1988 | 1990 | 1992
----------------------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13
----------------------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------
All students .............|203.8 |205.7 |201.7 |207.1 |266.7 |263.7 |256.6 |274.4 |289.7 |291.3 |287.1 |287.3
|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------
Sex | | | | | | | | | | | |
Male .....................|200.5 |199.0 |195.0 |198.3 |257.5 |253.7 |245.6 |263.6 |281.1 |282.2 |276.4 |279.4
Female ...................|207.6 |212.6 |208.7 |216.1 |276.2 |273.5 |267.9 |285.0 |298.6 |299.3 |298.2 |296.4
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | | |
White ....................|210.7 |214.9 |211.0 |216.7 |271.7 |269.1 |262.1 |279.2 |296.8 |296.2 |292.8 |294.1
Black ....................|181.6 |173.3 |171.4 |175.0 |247.1 |246.0 |239.0 |258.1 |270.3 |275.2 |268.2 |263.2
Hispanic .................|188.5 |190.3 |184.1 |189.4 |246.9 |250.4 |245.7 |265.0 |259.1 |273.8 |276.9 |273.6
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Parental education | | | | | | | | | | | |
Not high school graduate .|178.7 |194.2 |185.7 |191.2 |257.7 |254.3 |245.6 |257.9 |273.6 |275.8 |268.0 |271.0
Graduated high school ....|191.8 |199.4 |196.6 |202.2 |260.8 |257.6 |252.5 |267.9 |283.5 |284.6 |278.2 |278.4
Post high school .........|208.0 |211.4 |213.9 |201.4 |271.4 |275.1 |266.9 |279.6 |297.6 |296.1 |292.2 |292.3
Graduated college ........|218.1 |212.4 |209.0 |213.7 |277.8 |270.5 |264.9 |284.3 |299.9 |299.0 |297.5 |295.7
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Control of school | | | | | | | | | | | |
Public ...................|201.9 |204.2 |200.4 |205.2 |264.4 |262.1 |253.6 |272.4 |287.8 |289.9 |285.5 |286.5
Private ..................|215.4 |216.0 |216.2 |221.6 |281.8 |275.5 |276.7 |287.6 |305.4 |299.7 |305.8 |295.4
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Type of community | | | | | | | | | | | |
Advantaged urban .........|221.2 |218.4 |216.8 |235.9 |285.7 |270.9 |279.4 |293.5 |305.8 |295.2 |295.2 |296.6
Disadvantaged urban ......|199.2 |174.8 |175.2 |183.9 |249.2 |245.8 |244.5 |251.7 |267.1 |256.1 |273.4 |270.4
Extreme rural ............|188.2 |202.3 |201.9 |203.2 |259.6 |268.3 |252.3 |267.3 |286.8 |291.9 |285.6 |288.5
Other ....................|202.8 |207.4 |203.2 |206.9 |266.1 |263.7 |255.0 |275.1 |290.0 |290.9 |287.9 |288.9
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Region | | | | | | | | | | | |
Northeast ................|212.4 |204.0 |211.1 |216.1 |273.3 |265.1 |261.4 |284.7 |290.9 |295.0 |295.4 |290.2
Southeast ................|203.5 |200.1 |192.3 |193.0 |266.9 |268.2 |251.8 |266.3 |287.3 |289.4 |280.0 |277.8
Central ..................|200.8 |211.9 |203.0 |213.9 |263.8 |258.1 |259.1 |277.2 |291.3 |291.8 |288.8 |291.4
West .....................|200.8 |207.3 |201.2 |205.7 |263.5 |264.0 |255.0 |271.3 |288.8 |289.2 |284.8 |289.4
----------------------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------ |
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NOTE.--These test scores are from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The writing scale
score ranges from 0 to 500 and is defined as the average of a respondent's estimated scores on specific writing
tasks. The average response method is used to estimate average writing achievement for each participant as if
each had performed all 11 writing tasks.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, The Writing Report Card, 1984-88 and NAEP 1992 Trends in Academic Progress, by Educational Testing Service. (This table was prepared April 1994.)
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