Table 385.

Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations over 10 million, by continent: Selected years, 1990 through 2005

Country1	Midyear population (in millions)			Persons per square kilo-meter, 2005	First level2												Second level3												Third level4
	1990	2000	2005		Enrollment (in thousands)						Gross enrollment ratio5						Enrollment (in thousands)						Gross enrollment ratio5						Enrollment (in thousands)						Gross enrollment ratio5
					1990-91		2000-01		2004-05		1990-91		2000-01		2004-05		1990-91		2000-01		2004-05		1990-91		2000-01		2004-05		1990-91		2000-01		2004-05		1990-91		2000-01		2004-05
1	2	3	4	5	6		7		8		9		10		11		12		13		14		15		16		17		18		19		20		21		22		23
World total6	5,282	6,054	6,438	50	596,853		652,605		688,741		99		101		107		315,008		453,424		512,439		52		61		68		68,613		98,630		137,931		14		19		24
Africa
Algeria7	25	30	33	14	4,189		4,843		4,362		100		108		112		2,176		—		3,756	8	61		—		83	8	286		—		755		11		—		20
Angola	9	13	16	13	990	9	—		—		92		—		—		186		355		—		12		15		—		7		—		48		1		—		3
Burkina Faso	9	11	13	48	504		852		1,271		33		44		58		99		190		295		7		11		14		5		—		28		1		—		2
Cameroon	11	15	16	35	1,964		2,237	10	3,001		101		92	10	117		500		700		1,198	11	28		29		44	11	33		66	8	100	8	3		5	8	6	8
Chad	—	—	10	8	—		914		1,262		—		67		77		—		137		237	8	—		11		16	8	—		6		10	8	—		1		1	8
Cote d'Ivoire	12	16	18	57	1,415		1,944		—		67		70		—		361		620	8	—		22		22	8	—		30	12	—		—		—		—		—
Democratic Rep. of the Congo	37	51	58	25	4,562		—		—		70		—		—		1,097	12	1,253	8	—		21	12	18	8	—		80		—		—		2		—		—
Egypt7	56	64	74	74	6,964		7,947	8	9,564		94		101	8	101		5,507		8,028	8	8,177		76		83	8	86		628	13,14	—		2,594	8	16		—		34	8
Ethiopia	48	64	71	71	2,466		4,874		8,019		33		63		93		866		2,168		4,489		14		17		31		34		68		191		1		1		3
Ghana7	15	19	22	97	1,945		2,561		2,930		75		80		88		—		1,057		1,350	8	36		37		44	8	10	15	55		120		1		3		5
Kenya7	23	30	34	60	5,392		5,035		6,076		95		98		112		618	16	1,909		2,464	8	24		39		49	8	35	15	89		—		2		3		—
Madagascar	13	16	19	32	1,571		2,208		3,598		103		100		138		323	16	—		—		18		—		—		36		32		45		3		2		3
Malawi	9	11	13	137	1,401		2,695		2,868		68		139		122		61		487		515		8		32		28		5		—		—		1		—		—
Mali	8	11	14	11	395		1,017		1,506		26		53		66		84		258	8	430		7		16	8	24		5		20		33		1		2		3
Morocco7	24	29	30	68	2,484		3,670		4,023		67		93		105		1,194		1,541		1,952	8	35		39		50	8	256		276		367		11		9		11
Mozambique7	14	18	20	25	1,260		2,544		3,943		67		74		103		160		124		306		8		6		13		5	17	12		28		#		1		1
Niger	8	11	14	11	369		579		1,064		29		30		47		77		106	8	182		7		6	8	9		—		—		11		1		—		1
Nigeria7	96	127	132	144	13,607		18,802	8	22,267		91		96	8	103		2,908		—		6,398		25		—		34		208	15,18	—		—		4	17,18	—		—
Senegal	8	10	12	61	708		1,108		1,444		59		64		78		—		250		406		16		15		21		19		—		59	11	3		—		5	11
South Africa	37	43	45	37	6,952		7,445		—		122		107		—		2,742		4,142		—		74		85		—		439	19	645		735		13		14		15
Sudan7	24	—	36	15	2,043		2,567		3,278		53		51		60		732		980		1,370		24		26		34		60	13	204	8	—		3		6		—
Tunisia	8	10	10	65	1,406		1,414		1,184		113		114		109		565		1,104	8	1,239	8	45		75	8	84	8	69		180		312		9		19		30
Uganda	17	22	29	146	2,470	20,21	6,559		7,224		74		127		119		245	16,21	547		760		13		16		19		18		56		—		1		3		—
United Republic of Tanzania	25	34	38	43	3,379		4,382		7,541		70		66		106		167		—		—		5		—		—		7	12	—		51	8	#		—		1	8
Zambia	8	10	12	16	1,461		1,590		2,565		99		75		111		190		276		409	8	24		22		28	8	15		25	8	—		2		2	8	—
Zimbabwe	10	12	13	34	2,116		2,461		—		116		98		—		661		844		—		50		42		—		49		49	8	—		5		4	8	—
Asia
Afghanistan7	15	—	—	—	623		749		4,319		27		19		87		182		—		651		9		—		16		24		—		—		2		—		—
Bangladesh	110	130	142	1,090	11,940		17,668		—		72		109		—		3,593		10,329		—		19		50		—		434		727		912		4		6		6
Cambodia	9	12	14	80	1,330		2,248		2,695		121		106		134		264		351		—		32		17		—		7		22		57		1		2		3
China	1,155	1,261	1,305	140	122,414		—		112,740		125		—		113		52,386		81,488		100,632		49		63		74		3,822		7,364		21,336		3		8		20
India	851	1,016	1,095	368	99,118		113,613		140,013	8	97		99		119	8	54,180	16	71,031		89,462		44		48		57		4,951		9,404		11,777		6		10		11
Indonesia	183	210	221	122	29,754		28,202	8	29,150		115		111	8	117		10,965		14,264	8	15,993		44		55	8	63		1,773	12	—		3,640	8	9		—		17	8
Iran, Islamic Republic of	59	64	68	41	9,370		8,288		7,307		112		94		111		5,085		9,955		9,942		55		78		81		312	13	1,405		2,126		10		19		24
Iraq	18	—	—	—	3,328		3,639		4,430	8	111		91		98	8	1,024	16	1,224		1,751	8	47		36		45	8	170	22	289		425	8	12	22	12		15	8
Japan	124	127	128	351	9,373		7,529		7,232		100		101		100		11,026		8,782		7,710		97		102		102		2,899	12	3,982		4,038		30		47		55
Kazakhstan	17	15	15	6	1,197		1,208		1,024		87		99		109		2,144		2,003		2,040		98		91		99		537		370		753		40		28		53
Korea, North (DPR)	20	—	—	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Korea, South (Republic of)	43	47	48	489	4,869		3,946		4,125		105		98		105		4,560		4,177		3,693		90		98		93		1,691		2,838		3,225		39		73		90
Malaysia	18	23	25	77	2,456		3,026		—		94		97		—		1,456		2,205		—		56		69		—		121		549		—		7		26		—
Myanmar	41	46	—	—	5,385		4,858		4,948		106		89		100		1,281		2,268		2,589		23		38		40		196	12	551	8	—		4		11	8	—
Nepal7	19	24	27	190	2,789		3,780	10	4,030		108		117	10	113		709		1,348		2,054		33		35		46		94		94		—		5		4		—
Pakistan	119	138	156	202	11,451	23	13,987	11	17,258		61		71	11	87		4,345		—		7,245		23		—		27		—		—		783		3		—		5
Philippines	61	76	83	279	10,427		—		13,084		111		—		112		4,034		—		6,352		73		—		85		1,709		—		2,403		28		—		28
Saudi Arabia	16	21	25	11	1,877		—		3,264		73		—		91		893		—		2,732		44		—		88		154		404		604		12		22		28
Sri Lanka7	17	19	20	303	2,112		—		—		106		—		—		2,082		—		—		74		—		—		55	12,24	—		—		5		—		—
Syrian Arab Republic	12	16	19	104	2,452		2,775		2,252		108		105		124		914		1,069		2,389		52		41		68		222		—		—		18		—		—
Thailand	56	61	64	126	6,957		6,101		5,975		99		95		97		2,230		—		4,533		30		—		70		1,156	17	1,900		2,359		19	17	34		43
Turkey	56	65	73	94	6,862		7,850	8	7,948	8	99		96	8	93	8	3,808		—		5,076	8	47		—		75	8	750		1,588	8	2,106		13		23		31
Uzbekistan	21	25	27	63	1,778		—		—		81		—		—		3,295		—		—		99		—		—		603		—		—		30		—		—
Vietnam	67	79	83	255	8,862		10,063		7,773		103		107		95		3,236		7,926		9,939		32		65		76		130		732		1,355		2		9		16
Yemen	12	18	21	40	2,679	18	2,464	8	3,220		79	18	76	8	89		212	18	1,151	8	1,455		23	18	43	8	47		53	12	173	8	201		4	12	10	8	9
Europe
Belarus7	10	10	10	47	615		600		380		95		111		101		968		1,002		928		93		85		95		335		412		529		48		54		62
Belgium	10	10	10	319	719		774		739		101		105		104		769		1,058		815		103		145		110		276		356		390		40		57		63
Czech Republic	10	10	10	132	546		645		503		96		104		101		1,268		958		975		91		88		96		118	25	254		336		16		29		48
France	57	59	61	110	4,149		3,885		4,015		108		106		111		5,522		5,929		6,036		99		110		116		1,699		2,015		2,187		40		53		56
Germany26	79	82	82	236	3,431		3,656		3,306		101		105		101		7,398		8,307		8,268		98		98		100		2,049		—		—		34		—		—
Greece	10	11	11	86	813		645		650		98		96		101		851		739		716		93		89		102		283		422		647		36		51		89
Hungary7	10	10	10	110	1,131		501		431		95		101		98		514		1,002		960		79		96		96		102		307		436		14		37		65
Italy7	57	58	57	195	3,056		2,836		2,771		103		101		102		5,118		4,404		4,507		83		93		99		1,452		1,770		2,015		32		49		66
Netherlands7	15	16	16	482	1,082		1,279		1,278		102		108		107		1,402		1,379		1,410		120		124		119		479		488		565		40		53		61
Poland7	38	39	38	125	5,189		3,319		2,724		98		99		98		1,888		3,988		3,445		81		100		99		545		1,580		2,118		22		49		63
Portugal	10	10	11	115	1,020		811		753		123		125		114		670		831		670		67		108		99		186		374		381		23		48		56
Romania7	23	22	22	94	1,253		1,189		970		91		102		107		2,838		2,226		2,090		92		81		85		193		453		739		10		24		45
Russian Federation	148	146	143	9	7,596		—		5,309		109		—		129		13,956		—		12,433		93		—		92		5,100		—		9,020	8	52		—		71	8
Spain7	39	39	43	87	2,820		2,540		2,485		109		107		106		4,755		3,246		3,108		104		112		124		1,222		1,829		1,809		37		58		67
Ukraine7	52	50	47	81	3,991		2,079		1,946		89		105		107		3,408		5,204		4,043		93		97		89		1,652		1,812		2,605		47		50		69
United Kingdom7	58	60	60	249	4,533		4,632		4,635		104		102		107		4,336		5,304		5,747		85		101		105		1,258		2,024		2,288		30		58		60
North America
Canada	28	31	32	4	2,376		2,456		—		103		99		—		2,292		2,621		—		101		107		—		1,917		1,212		—		95		59		—
Cuba	11	—	—	—	888		1,046		895		98		105		102		1,002		790		937		89		83		94		242		159		472		21		22		61
Guatemala	9	11	13	116	1,165		1,909		2,345		78		104		114		295	12	504		754		23	12	38		51		70	17	—		—		8	17	—		—
Mexico	83	98	103	54	14,402		14,766		14,700		114		109		109		6,704		9,094		10,564		53		72		80		1,311		1,963		2,385		15		19		24
United States	254	282	296	32	22,429		24,973		24,455		102		101		99		19,270		22,594		24,432		93		94		95		13,819		15,312		17,272		75		80		83
South America
Argentina	33	37	39	14	4,965		4,898		—		106		118		—		2,160		3,832		—		71		97		—		1,008	12	1,767	8	—		38	12	53	8	—
Brazil	148	170	186	22	28,944		20,212		—		106		151		—		3,499		26,097		—		38		104		—		1,540	27	2,781		—		11		16		—
Chile	13	15	16	22	1,991		1,799		1,721		100		100		104		720		1,391		1,630		73		83		91		262	12	452		664		21	12	37		48
Colombia	33	42	46	44	4,247		5,221		5,298		102		112		112		2,378	12	3,569		4,297		50		70		78		487		934		1,224		13		23		29
Ecuador	10	13	13	48	1,846		1,925		2,000	8	116		115		117	8	786	16,28	917		1,000	8	55		57		61	8	207		—		—		20		—		—
Peru	22	26	28	22	3,855		4,338		4,077		118		121		112		1,698		2,374		2,691		67		86		92		678		—		909	8	30		—		33	8
Venezuela	20	24	27	30	4,053		3,328		3,449		96		102		105		281		1,543		2,028		35		59		74		550		668		—		29		28	8	—
Oceania
Australia7	17	19	20	3	1,583		1,906		1,935		108		99		104		1,278		2,589		2,491		82		159		148		485	29	845		1,015		36		65		72

— Not available. # Rounds to zero. 1 Selection based on total population for midyear 2005. 2 First-level enrollment generally consists of elementary school, grades 1-6. 3 Second-level enrollment includes general education, teacher training (at the second level), and technical and vocational education. This level generally corresponds to secondary education in the United States, grades 7-12. 4 Third-level enrollment includes college and university enrollment, and technical and vocational education beyond the high school level. There is considerable variation in reporting from country to country. 5 Data represent the total enrollment of all ages in the school level divided by the population of the specific age groups that correspond to the school level. Adjustments have been made for the varying lengths of first and second level programs. Ratios may exceed 100 because some countries have many students from outside the normal age range. 6 Enrollment totals and ratios exclude Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Data do not include adult education or special education provided outside regular schools. 7 Classification or data coverage of levels has been revised. Data by level may not be comparable over time. 8 Estimated by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 9 Data for 1994-95. 10 Policy change in 2000-01: introduction of free universal primary education. 11 National estimation. 12 Data for 1991-92. 13 Excludes private institutions. 14 Data refer to universities and exclude Al Azhar. 15 Excludes nonuniversity institutions (such as teacher training colleges and technical colleges) and excludes distance-learning universities. 16 General education enrollment only. Excludes teacher training and vocational education enrollments. 17 Data for 1992-93. 18 Data for 1993-94. 19 Not including the former Independent States of Transke, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei. 20 Estimated. 21 Data refer to government aided and maintained schools only. 22 Data for 1985-86. 23 Includes preprimary education. 24 Excludes some nonuniversity institutions. 25 Includes full-time students only. 26 Data include both former East and West Germany. 27 Not including former ISCED level 7. 28 Including vocational education. 29 Data do not include Vocational Education and Training Institutes (VETS). NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999; Global Education Digest, 2003, 2005, and 2006; unpublished tabulations; and tables 3B, 5, and 14, retrieved August 15, 2007, from http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/ReportFolders/ReportFolders.aspx. World Bank, World Development Indicators, 2000 and World Development Report, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2007. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, International Data Base, retrieved May 6, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbnew.html. (This table was prepared August 2007.)