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Digest of Education Statistics
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Table 373. Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R & D plant: Fiscal years 1994 to 2002 [In millions of current dollars]

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                                             |      Actual                                                                |            Estimate
                                                             |____________________________________________________________________________|________________________________
                            Item                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          | Percent
                                                             |   1994   |   1995   |   1996   |   1997   |   1998   |   1999   |   2000   |   2001   |   2002   | change,
                                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          | 2001 to
                                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |   2002
_____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
                              1                              |    2     |    3     |    4     |    5     |    6     |    7     |    8     |    9     |    10    |    11
_____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Total outlays for research, development, and                 |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
  R & D plant ...............................................|$68,335.9 |$68,410.0 |$67,756.1 |$70,892.0 |$72,295.6 |$72,613.9 |$74,077.0 |$80,159.4 |$82,814.4 |      3.3
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
   Research and development .................................| 66,158.8 | 66,374.6 | 65,909.9 | 68,897.2 | 70,434.5 | 70,585.2 | 69,807.3 | 75,676.5 | 78,334.9 |      3.5
   R & D plant ..............................................|  2,177.1 |  2,035.4 |  1,846.2 |  1,994.8 |  1,861.1 |  2,028.7 |  4,269.7 |  4,482.9 |  4,479.5 |     -0.1
                                                             |==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========
Total obligations for research, development, and             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
  R & D plant ...............................................| 69,427.0 | 71,011.8 | 69,408.7 | 71,744.7 | 73,743.5 | 77,386.6 | 77,356.1 | 85,452.2 | 84,938.4 |     -0.6
                                                             |==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========
  Research and development obligations ......................| 67,255.8 | 68,754.9 | 67,662.6 | 69,829.9 | 71,903.3 | 75,340.8 | 72,863.2 | 80,898.1 | 80,645.5 |     -0.3
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
    Performers                                               |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
     Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 16,139.1 | 17,342.7 | 16,596.4 | 16,720.0 | 17,114.0 | 18,084.7 | 17,149.8 | 18,719.5 | 18,285.2 |     -2.3
     Industrial firms .......................................| 30,454.4 | 30,468.7 | 30,361.4 | 31,418.0 | 31,839.7 | 31,901.6 | 27,735.5 | 30,323.3 | 29,815.0 |     -1.7
     FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............|  1,293.5 |  1,203.9 |  1,137.0 |  1,128.2 |  1,188.8 |  1,328.1 |  1,100.9 |  1,446.2 |  1,397.4 |     -3.4
     Universities and colleges ..............................| 11,828.7 | 11,933.0 | 11,944.7 | 12,561.1 | 13,365.9 | 14,959.1 | 16,815.1 | 19,614.9 | 20,198.9 |      3.0
     FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....|  3,292.9 |  3,574.3 |  3,447.7 |  3,701.1 |  3,890.2 |  3,896.5 |  4,053.2 |  4,367.8 |  4,213.8 |     -3.5
     Other nonprofit institutions ...........................|  2,929.6 |  2,806.5 |  2,886.9 |  2,962.1 |  3,155.1 |  3,608.8 |  4,216.6 |  4,818.3 |  5,090.9 |      5.7
     FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......|    735.5 |    831.4 |    754.5 |    821.0 |    603.0 |    913.3 |  1,231.5 |  1,117.2 |  1,118.9 |      0.2
     State and local governments ............................|    325.4 |    316.5 |    246.7 |    261.1 |    447.5 |    357.5 |    224.0 |    256.6 |    269.3 |      4.9
     Foreign ................................................|    256.6 |    277.8 |    287.4 |    257.5 |    299.1 |    291.3 |    336.7 |    234.3 |    256.1 |      9.3
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
    Research obligations ....................................| 27,440.4 | 28,573.4 | 28,265.1 | 29,365.6 | 30,922.3 | 33,527.5 | 38,470.5 | 43,836.0 | 45,326.9 |      3.4
      Performers                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
       Federal intramural\1\ ................................|  7,488.2 |  7,787.8 |  7,528.2 |  7,667.2 |  7,964.7 |  8,685.8 |  9,449.6 | 10,433.2 | 10,701.1 |      2.6
       Industrial firms .....................................|  4,063.5 |  4,727.9 |  4,291.3 |  4,392.1 |  4,635.1 |  4,579.8 |  4,801.2 |  5,454.5 |  5,706.9 |      4.6
       FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........|    737.2 |    818.0 |    696.2 |    759.6 |    844.1 |    879.3 |    700.3 |    887.5 |    889.3 |      0.2
       Universities and colleges ............................| 10,323.5 | 10,371.6 | 10,673.7 | 11,173.2 | 11,741.0 | 13,203.8 | 16,015.9 | 18,773.4 | 19,495.4 |      3.8
       FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..|  2,181.1 |  2,235.6 |  2,386.0 |  2,598.9 |  2,743.0 |  2,554.1 |  2,773.2 |  3,040.4 |  2,940.3 |     -3.3
       Other nonprofit institutions .........................|  2,094.9 |  2,056.1 |  2,179.5 |  2,294.9 |  2,425.2 |  2,806.7 |  3,719.8 |  4,255.9 |  4,586.1 |      7.8
       FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....|    178.0 |    210.1 |    195.8 |    217.5 |    214.5 |    469.5 |    696.1 |    658.1 |    655.2 |     -0.4
       State and local governments ..........................|    230.8 |    221.4 |    187.4 |    144.0 |    240.1 |    232.4 |    162.5 |    184.1 |    203.3 |     10.4
       Foreign ..............................................|    143.3 |    144.8 |    126.8 |    118.1 |    114.5 |    116.1 |    152.0 |    148.9 |    149.3 |      0.2
                                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
      Fields of science                                      |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
       Life sciences ........................................| 11,078.8 | 11,979.0 | 12,099.7 | 12,661.3 | 13,557.6 | 15,422.5 | 17,964.7 | 21,118.1 | 22,204.3 |      5.1
       Psychology ...........................................|    550.2 |    653.6 |    513.0 |    545.4 |    591.0 |    632.6 |  1,626.7 |  1,870.8 |  2,075.3 |     10.9
       Physical sciences ....................................|  6,792.7 |  4,851.2 |  3,964.4 |  4,148.7 |  4,209.7 |  4,066.2 |  4,787.9 |  5,162.9 |  5,144.8 |     -0.4
       Environmental sciences ...............................|  2,032.0 |  2,722.9 |  2,997.0 |  3,045.7 |  3,062.0 |  3,095.3 |  3,328.8 |  3,660.6 |  3,644.2 |     -0.4
       Mathematics and computer sciences ....................|  1,242.3 |  1,667.9 |  1,554.1 |  1,671.8 |  1,836.8 |  1,980.6 |  2,205.6 |  2,458.3 |  2,617.9 |      6.5
       Engineering ..........................................|  4,023.3 |  4,952.7 |  5,679.6 |  5,690.3 |  5,895.4 |  6,263.4 |  6,346.4 |  7,090.6 |  7,031.5 |     -0.8
       Social sciences ......................................|    655.0 |    682.9 |    674.2 |    696.3 |    806.1 |    854.9 |  1,050.3 |  1,216.2 |  1,271.0 |      4.5
       Other sciences .......................................|  1,066.1 |  1,063.2 |    783.0 |    906.1 |    963.7 |  1,212.1 |  1,160.2 |  1,258.6 |  1,338.0 |      6.3
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
      Basic research obligations ............................| 13,552.9 | 13,895.5 | 14,462.4 | 14,942.2 | 15,613.0 | 17,443.7 | 19,569.8 | 22,704.5 | 23,399.3 |      3.1
        Performers                                           |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
         Federal intramural\1\ ..............................|  2,505.0 |  2,712.9 |  2,689.2 |  2,688.6 |  2,917.8 |  3,255.2 |  3,621.8 |  3,953.7 |  4,270.8 |      8.0
         Industrial firms ...................................|  1,109.1 |  1,221.2 |  1,131.0 |  1,166.7 |  1,119.7 |  1,082.8 |  1,356.5 |  1,862.3 |  1,828.2 |     -1.8
         FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .........|    237.6 |    239.1 |    272.8 |    294.7 |    326.4 |    313.4 |    171.3 |    229.9 |    243.9 |      6.1
         Universities and colleges ..........................|  7,024.2 |  6,951.3 |  7,406.1 |  7,695.8 |  7,952.2 |  9,107.1 | 10,056.7 | 11,894.7 | 12,178.2 |      2.4
         FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges |  1,336.0 |  1,438.3 |  1,522.0 |  1,600.0 |  1,642.3 |  1,565.5 |  1,674.0 |  1,822.9 |  1,687.5 |     -7.4
         Other nonprofit institutions .......................|  1,125.7 |  1,134.2 |  1,235.2 |  1,289.6 |  1,397.6 |  1,650.0 |  1,985.3 |  2,263.8 |  2,507.4 |     10.8
         FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions ...|     73.9 |     75.2 |     76.5 |     88.4 |    121.8 |    354.9 |    521.6 |    491.9 |    497.6 |      1.1
         State and local governments ........................|     75.2 |     78.7 |     80.2 |     68.4 |     84.9 |     61.4 |     75.7 |     87.3 |     94.8 |      8.5
         Foreign ............................................|     66.1 |     44.5 |     49.5 |     49.9 |     50.4 |     53.4 |    106.9 |     98.1 |     90.9 |     -7.3
                                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
        Fields of science                                    |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
         Life sciences ......................................|  6,429.8 |  6,746.7 |  6,911.0 |  7,203.8 |  7,853.4 |  9,197.1 | 10,049.0 | 11,951.7 | 12,537.6 |      4.9
         Psychology .........................................|    247.4 |    279.8 |    281.5 |    293.9 |    312.0 |    347.3 |    817.8 |    944.0 |  1,044.9 |     10.7
         Physical sciences ..................................|  3,649.2 |  2,709.3 |  2,901.7 |  2,976.4 |  2,941.4 |  3,089.8 |  3,470.6 |  3,852.2 |  3,835.5 |     -0.4
         Environmental sciences .............................|    997.2 |  1,410.7 |  1,531.2 |  1,543.5 |  1,528.7 |  1,615.7 |  1,838.4 |  2,058.4 |  2,055.6 |     -0.1
         Mathematics and computer sciences ..................|    503.6 |    626.1 |    622.0 |    661.4 |    705.5 |    734.9 |    798.3 |    923.1 |    927.5 |      0.5
         Engineering ........................................|  1,061.7 |  1,432.2 |  1,606.6 |  1,583.0 |  1,594.4 |  1,639.7 |  1,764.2 |  2,071.8 |  2,024.8 |     -2.3
         Social sciences ....................................|    191.7 |    210.8 |    230.0 |    221.0 |    224.8 |    246.5 |    308.0 |    341.7 |    355.1 |      3.9
         Other sciences .....................................|    472.4 |    479.9 |    378.3 |    459.3 |    452.7 |    572.5 |    523.6 |    561.7 |    618.3 |     10.1
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
      Applied research obligations ..........................| 13,887.5 | 14,677.9 | 13,802.7 | 14,423.4 | 15,309.3 | 16,083.7 | 18,900.7 | 21,131.3 | 21,927.6 |      3.8
        Performers                                           |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
         Federal intramural\1\ ..............................|  4,983.2 |  5,074.9 |  4,839.0 |  4,978.7 |  5,046.9 |  5,430.6 |  5,827.8 |  6,479.4 |  6,430.3 |     -0.8
         Industrial firms ...................................|  2,954.4 |  3,506.7 |  3,160.3 |  3,225.5 |  3,515.4 |  3,497.0 |  3,444.6 |  3,592.2 |  3,878.8 |      8.0
         FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .........|    499.6 |    578.9 |    423.4 |    464.9 |    517.7 |    565.8 |    528.9 |    657.6 |    645.4 |     -1.9
         Universities and colleges ..........................|  3,299.3 |  3,420.3 |  3,267.6 |  3,477.4 |  3,788.9 |  4,096.7 |  5,959.2 |  6,878.7 |  7,317.2 |      6.4
         FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges |    845.1 |    797.3 |    864.0 |    998.8 |  1,100.7 |    988.6 |  1,099.2 |  1,217.5 |  1,252.8 |      2.9
         Other nonprofit institutions .......................|    969.2 |    921.9 |    944.3 |  1,005.3 |  1,027.7 |  1,156.7 |  1,734.5 |  1,992.1 |  2,078.7 |      4.3
         FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions ...|    104.0 |    134.9 |    119.4 |    129.2 |     92.6 |    114.6 |    174.5 |    166.2 |    157.6 |     -5.2
         State and local governments ........................|    155.5 |    142.7 |    107.3 |     75.5 |    155.2 |    171.0 |     86.9 |     96.8 |    108.5 |     12.1
         Foreign ............................................|     77.2 |    100.3 |     77.4 |     68.2 |     64.1 |     62.8 |     45.1 |     50.8 |     58.4 |     14.8
                                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
        Fields of science                                    |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
         Life sciences ......................................|  4,649.0 |  5,232.3 |  5,188.7 |  5,457.6 |  5,704.1 |  6,225.3 |  7,915.7 |  9,166.4 |  9,666.7 |      5.5
         Psychology .........................................|    302.9 |    373.9 |    231.5 |    251.5 |    279.0 |    285.3 |    808.9 |    926.8 |  1,030.4 |     11.2
         Physical sciences ..................................|  3,143.5 |  2,141.9 |  1,062.7 |  1,172.4 |  1,268.3 |    976.4 |  1,317.3 |  1,310.7 |  1,309.3 |     -0.1
         Environmental sciences .............................|  1,034.8 |  1,312.3 |  1,465.8 |  1,502.2 |  1,533.2 |  1,479.5 |  1,490.3 |  1,602.1 |  1,588.6 |     -0.8
         Mathematics and computer sciences ..................|    738.7 |  1,041.7 |    932.1 |  1,010.5 |  1,131.4 |  1,245.7 |  1,407.3 |  1,535.1 |  1,690.3 |     10.1
         Engineering ........................................|  2,961.6 |  3,520.5 |  4,073.0 |  4,107.3 |  4,301.0 |  4,623.7 |  4,582.2 |  5,018.8 |  5,006.7 |     -0.2
         Social sciences ....................................|    463.3 |    472.0 |    444.2 |    475.3 |    581.3 |    608.3 |    742.3 |    874.4 |    916.0 |      4.7
         Other sciences .....................................|    593.8 |    583.3 |    404.7 |    446.8 |    510.9 |    639.6 |    636.6 |    696.8 |    719.6 |      3.3
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
    Development obligations .................................| 39,815.4 | 40,181.4 | 39,397.5 | 40,464.3 | 40,981.0 | 41,813.1 | 34,392.7 | 37,062.1 | 35,318.5 |     -4.7
      Performers                                             |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
       Federal intramural\1\ ................................|  8,650.9 |  9,554.9 |  9,068.1 |  9,052.7 |  9,149.3 |  9,398.9 |  7,700.2 |  8,286.4 |  7,584.2 |     -8.5
       Industrial firms .....................................| 26,390.9 | 25,740.7 | 26,070.1 | 27,025.8 | 27,204.6 | 27,321.8 | 22,934.4 | 24,868.8 | 24,108.0 |     -3.1
       FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........|    556.3 |    385.9 |    440.7 |    368.6 |    344.7 |    448.8 |    400.6 |    558.7 |    508.1 |     -9.1
       Universities and colleges ............................|  1,505.2 |  1,561.4 |  1,271.0 |  1,387.9 |  1,624.8 |  1,755.3 |    799.3 |    841.5 |    703.4 |    -16.4
       FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..|  1,111.8 |  1,338.7 |  1,061.6 |  1,102.1 |  1,147.2 |  1,342.3 |  1,279.9 |  1,327.4 |  1,273.5 |     -4.1
       Other nonprofit institutions .........................|    834.8 |    750.4 |    707.4 |    667.2 |    729.9 |    802.0 |    496.8 |    562.4 |    504.8 |    -10.2
       FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....|    557.6 |    621.3 |    558.7 |    603.4 |    388.5 |    443.7 |    535.4 |    459.1 |    463.8 |      1.0
       State and local governments ..........................|     94.7 |     95.1 |     59.3 |    117.1 |    207.4 |    125.1 |     61.5 |     72.4 |     66.0 |     -8.9
       Foreign ..............................................|    113.3 |    133.0 |    160.5 |    139.3 |    184.6 |    175.2 |    184.7 |     85.4 |    106.8 |     25.1
                                                             |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
  R & D plant obligations ...................................|  2,171.2 |  2,256.9 |  1,746.1 |  1,914.8 |  1,840.2 |  2,045.8 |  4,492.8 |  4,554.1 |  4,293.0 |     -5.7
    Performers                                               |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
     Federal intramural\1\ ..................................|    392.6 |    482.6 |    405.1 |    608.3 |    475.3 |    483.3 |    573.3 |    530.5 |    507.3 |     -4.4
     Industrial firms .......................................|    746.8 |    696.6 |    465.4 |    389.8 |    487.7 |    544.7 |  2,814.6 |  2,733.0 |  2,475.3 |     -9.4
     FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............|    119.4 |     95.1 |     43.9 |     60.5 |     45.6 |    172.8 |     27.6 |     47.7 |     62.8 |     31.7
     Universities and colleges ..............................|    209.0 |    323.8 |    243.1 |    238.6 |    139.5 |    141.2 |    213.5 |    252.6 |    265.6 |      5.2
     FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....|    608.8 |    543.9 |    497.8 |    548.8 |    663.6 |    615.5 |    613.8 |    574.3 |    535.1 |     -6.8
     Other nonprofit institutions ...........................|     20.9 |     25.6 |     23.4 |     16.7 |     10.9 |     12.2 |     55.5 |     64.1 |     62.1 |     -3.1
     FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......|     72.9 |     62.6 |     66.1 |     52.0 |     12.1 |     70.7 |    193.5 |    351.7 |    384.1 |      9.2
     State and local governments ............................|      0.8 |      0.5 |      1.0 |      --- |      --- |      5.3 |      0.9 |      0.2 |      0.5 |    131.5
     Foreign ................................................|      0.2 |     26.1 |      0.5 |      0.1 |      5.5 |      --- |      0.1 |      0.2 |      0.2 |      0.0
_____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________

---Not available.
\1\Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance.
\2\Federally funded research and development centers.

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, various years. (This table was prepared March 2002.)


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