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Digest of Education Statistics
2002 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 85. Principals in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993-94 and 1999-2000

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                         |       |            |Percent distribution of principals, by     |Average years of experience  |Average annual salary of
                         |       |            |  highest degree earned, 1999-2000\2\      |_____________________________| principals in constant
        Selected         |Total, |Total,      |___________________________________________| As a  |          |Prior     |  1999-2000 dollars\3\
     characteristics     | 1993- | 1999-      |Bache-    |Master's  |Education |Doctor's  |princi-|As a      |teaching  |________________________
                         |1994\1\|2000\1\     |lor's     |          |specialist|and first-|  pal  |principal |experience|1993-94 |1999-2000
                         |       |            |          |          |          |profession|1993-94|1999-2000 |1999-2000 |        |
_________________________|_______|____________|__________|__________|__________|__________|_______|__________|__________|________|_______________
            1            |   2   |   3        |  4       |  5       |  6       |  7       |   8   |  9       | 10       |   11   |   12
_________________________|_______|____________|__________|__________|__________|__________|_______|__________|__________|________|_______________
                         |                                                           Public schools
                         |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total ...................|79,618 |83,790 (398)| 1.8 (0.2)|54.2 (0.7)|33.8 (0.7)|10.2 (0.5)|   8.7 | 9.0 (0.1)|14.0 (0.1)|$63,515 |$66,504   (183)
                         |_______|____________|__________|__________|__________|__________|_______|__________|__________|________|_______________
  Men ...................|52,114 |47,130 (306)| 1.9 (0.3)|57.1 (0.9)|31.7 (0.9)| 9.4 (0.6)|  10.3 |10.6 (0.2)|13.1 (0.1)| 63,589 | 66,463   (244)
  Women .................|27,505 |36,660 (253)| 1.8 (0.3)|50.6 (1.2)|36.4 (1.1)|11.2 (0.8)|   5.6 | 6.9 (0.1)|15.2 (0.2)| 63,374 | 66,557   (273)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Race/ethnicity           |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  White, non-Hispanic ...|67,081 |68,933 (348)| 1.6 (0.2)|53.8 (0.8)|34.8 (0.8)| 9.7 (0.5)|   9.0 | 9.2 (0.1)|13.8 (0.1)| 63,061 | 66,198   (199)
  Black, non-Hispanic ...| 8,018 | 9,239 (128)| 0.8 (0.3)|51.5 (2.2)|35.0 (2.1)|12.8 (1.6)|   7.1 | 7.9 (0.3)|15.2 (0.4)| 66,770 | 68,044   (498)
  Hispanic ..............| 3,269 | 4,326 (126)| 6.1 (2.4)|64.0 (3.9)|18.0 (2.6)|11.9 (2.8)|   6.3 | 7.9 (0.6)|13.9 (0.6)| 64,678 | 68,835 (1,041)
  Asian or Pacific       |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
    Islander ............|   620 |   659  (14)| 4.7 (0.8)|58.0 (2.8)|31.6 (3.0)| 5.7 (2.0)|   5.6 | 9.1 (0.5)|13.6 (0.4)| 68,828 | 56,986   (704)
  American Indian or     |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
    Alaska Native .......|   631 |   633  (71)| 4.5 (1.5)|69.8 (8.4)| 9.1 (2.5)|16.5 (9.3)|   8.2 | 5.1 (0.9)|15.8 (1.6)| 59,184 | 71,396 (1,128)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Age                      |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  Under 40 ..............| 5,936 | 8,436 (114)| 5.6 (1.1)|64.0 (2.1)|25.2 (1.9)| 5.2 (1.0)|   2.8 | 2.9 (0.1)| 8.4 (0.2)| 53,886 | 57,328   (446)
  40 to 44 ..............|14,571 |10,510 (146)| 1.4 (0.5)|60.1 (2.1)|31.0 (1.9)| 7.6 (1.3)|   5.0 | 5.3 (0.2)|12.0 (0.2)| 60,251 | 62,513   (434)
  45 to 49 ..............|25,427 |19,599 (185)| 1.8 (0.4)|54.2 (1.5)|35.2 (1.4)| 8.7 (0.9)|   7.1 | 7.4 (0.2)|14.3 (0.2)| 64,169 | 66,549   (352)
  50 to 54 ..............|18,868 |27,120 (225)| 1.6 (0.4)|49.8 (1.3)|37.7 (1.2)|10.9 (0.8)|  10.3 | 9.9 (0.2)|15.4 (0.2)| 65,485 | 68,625   (320)
  55 or over ............|14,817 |18,125 (196)| 0.7 (0.2)|53.0 (1.6)|31.9 (1.5)|14.4 (1.2)|  15.1 |14.1 (0.3)|15.5 (0.3)| 66,951 | 69,867   (431)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Type of school           |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  Elementary ............|53,684 |60,108 (325)| 1.8 (0.3)|53.9 (0.9)|34.6 (0.9)| 9.7 (0.6)|   8.9 | 9.1 (0.2)|14.1 (0.1)| 62,709 | 66,002   (231)
  Secondary .............|18,262 |20,451 (205)| 1.4 (0.3)|55.8 (1.0)|31.3 (0.9)|11.6 (0.7)|   8.0 | 8.6 (0.2)|13.8 (0.2)| 65,533 | 68,554   (294)
  Combined ..............| 2,747 | 3,231  (61)| 4.4 (0.7)|51.0 (2.4)|33.6 (2.4)|11.0 (1.6)|   7.5 | 8.1 (0.4)|13.4 (0.4)| 61,161 | 62,880   (413)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Location of school       |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  Metropolitan area      |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
    Central city ........|19,027 |20,097 (185)| 1.1 (0.3)|55.0 (1.5)|31.2 (1.4)|12.7 (1.1)|   8.3 | 8.3 (0.2)|14.5 (0.2)| 67,180 | 69,825   (290)
    Outside central city |21,700 |37,677 (261)| 1.8 (0.4)|51.5 (1.1)|35.0 (1.1)|11.7 (0.7)|   8.7 | 9.1 (0.2)|13.9 (0.2)| 71,565 | 71,982   (295)
  Outside metropolitan   |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
    area ................|38,891 |26,017 (219)| 2.4 (0.4)|57.6 (1.2)|33.9 (1.1)| 6.1 (0.7)|   8.8 | 9.2 (0.2)|13.8 (0.2)| 56,073 | 56,006   (198)
                         |=======|============|==========|==========|==========|==========|=======|==========|==========|========|===============
                         |                                                           Private schools
                         |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total ...................|25,015 |26,231 (365)|26.2 (1.3)|54.2 (1.3)|10.5 (0.7)| 9.0 (0.8)|   8.8 |10.2 (0.2)|14.5 (0.3)|$37,137 |$43,094   (530)
                         |_______|____________|__________|__________|__________|__________|_______|__________|__________|________|_______________
  Men ...................|11,606 |11,899 (213)|22.2 (1.6)|54.9 (1.9)| 9.6 (0.8)|13.3 (1.2)|   9.0 |11.4 (0.4)|13.7 (0.4)| 41,214 | 46,321   (768)
  Women .................|13,410 |14,332 (295)|29.4 (1.9)|53.7 (1.8)|11.3 (1.0)| 5.6 (1.2)|   8.6 | 9.2 (0.3)|15.2 (0.4)| 33,791 | 40,460   (726)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Race/ethnicity           |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  White, non-Hispanic ...|23,133 |23,322 (320)|25.5 (1.3)|55.7 (1.4)|10.9 (0.7)| 7.9 (0.6)|   8.7 |10.4 (0.2)|14.7 (0.3)| 37,014 | 43,421   (556)
  Black, non-Hispanic ...| 1,060 | 1,574 (147)|34.2 (5.8)|31.5 (6.3)| 8.8 (3.2)|25.5 (8.5)|   8.3 | 8.0 (1.0)|13.8 (1.3)| 39,809 | 37,644 (2,560)
  Hispanic ..............|   524 |   831  (48)|32.7 (6.1)|55.0 (4.7)| 6.2 (2.5)| 6.1 (1.5)|  10.1 | 7.6 (0.6)|13.1 (1.1)| 36,297 | 42,134 (1,721)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Age                      |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  Under 40 ..............| 4,794 | 3,747 (149)|45.7 (3.9)|46.5 (3.5)| 5.9 (1.5)| 1.9 (0.6)|   3.5 | 2.9 (0.2)| 6.7 (0.4)| 30,459 | 35,503 (1,141)
  40 to 44 ..............| 4,403 | 3,453 (165)|33.7 (3.9)|46.2 (3.6)|10.5 (1.7)| 9.6 (4.3)|   5.3 | 6.0 (0.5)|11.3 (0.4)| 35,297 | 41,270 (1,170)
  45 to 49 ..............| 5,144 | 5,213 (137)|27.1 (2.9)|53.0 (2.8)|10.3 (1.4)| 9.6 (1.5)|   8.3 | 9.1 (0.4)|14.1 (0.5)| 40,108 | 44,432 (1,255)
  50 to 54 ..............| 4,120 | 5,841 (146)|24.6 (2.3)|56.7 (2.7)|10.0 (1.3)| 8.8 (1.4)|   9.6 |11.0 (0.4)|15.5 (0.5)| 43,681 | 47,528 (1,156)
  55 or over ............| 6,553 | 7,977 (172)|15.3 (1.7)|60.0 (2.3)|13.2 (1.3)|11.6 (1.4)|  14.8 |15.5 (0.5)|19.1 (0.5)| 36,797 | 43,285   (974)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Type of school           |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  Elementary ............|13,354 |15,807 (293)|26.2 (1.7)|57.1 (1.8)|10.3 (0.9)| 6.4 (1.2)|   9.4 |10.3 (0.3)|15.1 (0.4)| 33,321 | 39,914   (621)
  Secondary .............| 2,304 | 2,628  (76)|13.6 (2.6)|59.3 (3.0)|16.1 (2.2)|11.0 (1.5)|   7.8 |10.1 (0.6)|16.4 (0.6)| 50,577 | 57,474 (1,712)
  Combined ..............| 6,772 | 7,796 (196)|31.1 (2.4)|45.9 (2.4)| 8.9 (1.1)|14.1 (1.4)|   8.0 |10.1 (0.4)|12.7 (0.5)| 38,942 | 44,876 (1,092)
                         |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
Location of school       |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
  Metropolitan area      |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
    Central city ........| 9,693 |11,249 (239)|19.9 (1.7)|55.1 (2.0)|11.2 (1.1)|11.1 (1.6)|   9.6 |10.2 (0.3)|14.8 (0.4)| 39,779 | 45,492   (814)
    Outside central city | 8,469 |10,316 (194)|26.4 (1.9)|50.8 (2.0)| 9.8 (1.0)| 7.3 (0.9)|   9.2 |10.6 (0.4)|14.2 (0.4)| 40,739 | 44,454   (816)
  Outside metropolitan   |       |            |          |          |          |          |       |          |          |        |
    area ................| 6,854 | 4,666 (158)|32.1 (4.2)|41.2 (3.5)| 7.2 (1.4)| 4.9 (1.3)|   7.0 | 9.2 (0.5)|14.7 (1.0)| 28,965 | 33,914 (1,297)
_________________________|_______|____________|__________|__________|__________|__________|_______|__________|__________|________|_______________

\1\Total differs from data appearing in other tables because of varying survey processing procedures and time period coverages.
\2\Percentages for those with less than a bachelor's degree are not shown.
\3\Excludes principals reporting a salary of $0.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding and survey item nonresponse. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), "Public School Principal Questionnaire," 1993-94 and 1999-2000, "Private School Principal Questionnaire," 1993-94 and 1999-2000, and "Charter School Principal Questionnaire," 1999-2000. (This table was prepared September 2002.)


2002 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest