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Table 1. Participation in the TIMSS assessment, by education system: 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, and 2011
| Education system | Year and Grade | Education system | Year and Grade | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2011 | 1995 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total count | 52 | 54 | 51 | 65 | 77 | Kazakhstan | 4 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total IEA members count | 44 | 37 | 47 | 57 | 63 | Korea, Republic of | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Algeria | 4 | 8 | Kuwait | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Argentina | ‡ | ‡ | Latvia | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Armenia | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Lebanon | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Australia | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Lithuania | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||
| Austria | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | Macedonia, Republic of | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Azerbaijan | 4 | Malaysia | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bahrain | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Malta | 8 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Belgium (Flemish)-BEL | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | Mexico | ‡ | ‡ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Belgium (French)-BEL | 8 | Moldova, Republic of | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | 8 | Morocco | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | ‡ | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Botswana1 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Netherlands | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | 4 | 8 | 8 | New Zealand | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Chile | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Northern Ireland-GBR | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese Taipei-CHN | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Norway | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
| Colombia | 8 | 4 | 8 | Oman | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Croatia | 4 | Palestinian Nat'l Authority | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cyprus | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | Philippines | ‡ | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Czech Republic | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | Poland | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Denmark | 8 | 4 | 4 | Portugal | 4 | 8 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Egypt | 8 | 8 | Qatar | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| El Salvador | 4 | 8 | Romania | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| England-GBR | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | ‡ | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Russian Federation | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||
| Estonia | 8 | Saudi Arabia | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finland | 8 | 4 | 8 | Scotland-GBR | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| France | 8 | Serbia | 8 | 8 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Georgia | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Singapore | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Germany | 8 | 4 | 4 | Slovak Republic | 8 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ghana | 8 | 8 | 8 | Slovenia | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Greece | 4 | 8 | South Africa2 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Honduras1 | 4 | 8 | Spain | 8 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hong Kong-CHN | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Sweden | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
| Hungary | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Syrian Arab Republic | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Iceland | 4 | 8 | Thailand | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Indonesia | ‡ | ‡ | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | Tunisia | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Turkey | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Ireland | 4 | 8 | 4 | Ukraine | 4 | 8 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Israel | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | United Arab Emirates | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Italy | ‡ | ‡ | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | United States | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||
| Japan | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Yemen3 | ‡ | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Jordan | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benchmarking education systems | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Education system | Year and Grade | Education system | Year and Grade | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1995 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2011 | 1995 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total benchmarking systems | 8 | 17 | 4 | 8 | 14 | Indiana-USA | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Abu Dhabi-UAE | 4 | 8 | Maryland-USA | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alabama-USA | 8 | Massachusetts-USA | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alberta-CAN | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 8 | Michigan-USA | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basque Country-ESP | 8 | 8 | Minnesota-USA | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| British Columbia-CAN | 8 | 4 | 8 | Missouri-USA | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| California-USA | 8 | North Carolina-USA | 8 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Colorado-USA | 4 | 8 | Ontario-CAN | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Connecticut-USA | 8 | 8 | Oregon-USA | 8 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dubai-UAE | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | Pennsylvania-USA | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Florida-USA | 4 | 8 | Quebec-CAN | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Idaho-USA | 8 | South Carolina-USA | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Illinois-USA | 8 | 8 | Texas-USA | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡ Participated in assessment but results not reported. 1Administered the TIMSS 4th-grade assessment to 6th-grade students and the 8th-grade assessment to 9th-grade students in 2011. 2Administered the TIMSS 8th-grade assessment to 9th-grade students in 2011. 3Administered the TIMSS 4th-grade assessment to a national sample of 4th-grade students and a national sample of 6th-grade students in 2011. NOTE: Italics indicates participants identified and counted in this report as an education system and not as a separate country. The number in the table indicates the grade level of the assessment administered. TIMSS did not assess grade 4 in 1999. Only education systems that completed the necessary steps for their data to meet TIMSS standards and be eligible to appear in the reports from the International Study Center are listed. Unless otherwise noted, education systems sampled students enrolled in the grade corresponding, respectively, to the 4th and 8th year of formal schooling, counting the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 1 as the first year of formal schooling, providing that the mean age at the time of testing was, respectively, at least 9.5 and 13.5 years. In the United States and most other countries this corresponds, respectively, to grade 4 and grade 8. Benchmarking education systems are subnational entities that are not members of the IEA but chose to participate in TIMSS to be able to compare themselves internationally. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, and 2011. |
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