Table 32Number of public schools with security staff present at least once a week and number of full-time and part-time security staff present at least once a week, by type of security staff and selected school characteristics: School year 2015

Crime and Safety Surveys

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Table 32. Number of public schools with security staff present at least once a week and number of full-time and part-time security staff present at least once a week, by type of security staff and selected school characteristics: School year 2015–16

	Total number of schools with security staff present at least once a week	Security guards or security personnel¹				School resource officers²				Sworn law enforcement officers³
School characteristic		Full time		Part time		Full time		Part time		Full time		Part time
All public schools	47,200	31,500		11,100		28,600		23,500		6,500		9,000

Level⁴
Primary	22,300	6,500		4,000		5,100		11,200		1,800	!	4,700
Middle	11,500	6,100		1,800		8,500		5,700		1,500		1,800
High school	10,300	17,400		4,800		13,300		5,700		3,000	!	2,100	!
Combined	3,200	1,500	!	500	!	1,700		900		‡		400	!

Enrollment size
Less than 300	6,300	1,900	!	1,400	!	2,500	!	3,700		1,500	!	1,500	!
300–499	12,500	4,300		1,600		5,200		5,900		800	!	2,600
500–999	20,500	10,400		4,100		11,400		11,200		2,500	!	3,900
1,000 or more	7,900	15,000		4,100		9,500		2,600		1,700		900

Locale
City	14,100	14,600		3,400		10,200		6,300		2,400	!	3,100
Suburb	15,800	13,100		5,100		7,300		8,100		2,400		3,700
Town	6,800	2,000	!	1,200	!	4,900		4,100		900		1,000
Rural	10,500	1,800		1,500		6,200		5,100		800		1,100

Crime level where students live⁵
High	4,900	6,900		1,200		2,800		2,200		2,500	!	700	!
Moderate	10,300	9,200		3,600		7,400		6,100		1,500		2,300	!
Low	26,300	10,200		5,100		15,100		13,000		2,100		5,400
Mixed	5,700	5,300		1,200		3,400		2,200		400	!	600	!

Percent combined enrollment of Black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, and American Indian/ Alaska Native students, and students of Two or more races
Less than 5 percent	2,400	300	!	‡		1,700	!	1,200		‡		300	!
5 to less than 20 percent	11,600	3,000		1,500		7,500		7,200		1,000		2,600
20 to less than 50 percent	10,900	4,700		2,700		5,500		5,900		900		1,900
50 percent or more	22,400	23,600		6,700		13,800		9,100		4,300		4,100

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–25 percent	7,300	4,200		2,200		4,600		4,200		800		1,600	!
26–50 percent	11,900	6,000		2,300		7,000		6,100		1,700	!	2,400
51–75 percent	13,500	6,600		2,200		10,200		6,400		2,000	!	2,100
More than 75 percent	14,500	14,700		4,400		6,800		6,900		1,900		2,800

Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	11,300	7,700		2,800		6,700		6,200		1,200		2,300
6–15 percent	18,800	10,400		4,200		10,200		9,000		1,800		3,900
More than 15 percent	17,200	13,400		4,100		11,700		8,300		3,400	!	2,800

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	9,000	5,500		1,900		4,700		5,800		‡		1,900	!
36–60 percent	12,300	6,600		2,100		8,800		5,200		1,400		2,100
More than 60 percent	25,900	19,400		7,000		15,100		12,600		3,100		5,000

Percent of students who consider academic achievement very important
0–25 percent	2,400	1,900	!	‡		1,300		1,300	!	‡		‡
26–50 percent	8,300	4,400		1,600		4,900		4,800		900	!	1,600
51–75 percent	13,900	8,400		2,700		8,800		6,200		1,900	!	2,500
More than 75 percent	22,600	16,900		6,100		13,600		11,200		2,200		4,200

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	4,200	2,900		900	!	2,100		1,200		300	!	900	!
45–55 percent	39,500	24,900		9,600		24,000		20,000		5,400		7,500
More than 55 percent	3,500	3,700		600	!	2,500		2,400		800	!	600	!

Student-to-FTE ratio⁶
Less than 12 students	5,900	2,800		800	!	2,500		2,500		600	!	1,200	!
12–16 students	17,000	9,700		3,900		10,000		7,600		1,700		2,900
More than 16 students	24,400	19,000		6,400		16,100		13,400		4,100	!	4,800

Number of classroom changes⁷
0–3 changes	10,000	4,300		1,800	!	2,200		5,200		‡		2,600
4–6 changes	21,300	15,000		5,100		13,600		11,100		2,400		4,200
More than 6 changes	16,000	12,300		4,100		12,800		7,200		3,100	!	2,200

Number of serious discipline problems⁸
No problems	36,100	22,100		8,600		21,400		17,300		4,500		7,000
1 problem	6,100	4,600		1,600		3,100		3,700		800	!	1,300	!
2 problems	3,100	1,900		500	!	2,700	!	1,800	!	‡		500	!
3 or more problems	2,100	3,000		400	!	1,400		700		200	!	200	!

Transfers as a percentage of enrollment⁹
Less than 6 percent	13,000	8,900		3,400		7,200		5,100		2,000		1,900
6 to less than 11 percent	10,100	7,500		2,600		6,700		4,300		1,100		1,900	!
11 to less than 21 percent	13,400	7,900		2,800		9,500		8,200		1,900	!	3,100
21 percent or more	10,800	7,300		2,200		5,200		6,000		1,400	!	2,100	!

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions¹⁰
No disruptions	42,200	25,900		9,700		25,100		21,200		4,700		8,200
Any disruptions	5,000	5,700		1,400		3,500		2,300		‡		800	!

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	3,700	1,300	!	500	!	1,800		1,600		400	!	400	!
3–5 percent	25,300	13,400		6,500		15,800		12,400		2,600		5,200
6–10 percent	14,500	11,700		3,600		7,900		7,900		1,300		2,800
More than 10 percent	3,800	5,100		600	!	3,100		1,700		‡		600	!

Prevalence of violent incidents¹¹
No violent incidents	11,500	4,200		2,100		3,400		4,800		‡		2,500
Any violent incidents	35,700	27,400		8,900		25,200		18,700		5,200		6,500
# Rounds to zero.
! Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is from 30 percent to 50 percent of the estimate's value.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the standard error represents more than 50 percent of the estimate.
¹Security guards or security personnel does not include sworn law enforcement.
²School resource officers include all career law enforcement officers with arrest authority, who have specialized training and are assigned to work in collaboration with school organizations.
³Sworn law enforcement includes sworn law enforcement officers who are not school resource officers.
⁴Primary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9. High schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 12. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools.
⁵Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and "students come from areas with very different levels of crime."
⁶Student-to-FTE ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁷Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁸Serious discipline problems include student racial/ethnic tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, student acts of disrespect for teachers other than verbal abuse, gang activities, and cult or extremist group activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
⁹Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹⁰Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
^¹¹Violent incidents include rape or attempted rape, sexual assault other than rape (including threatened rape), physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery (taking things with force) with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2015–16 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2016.

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