Table 28.1 Percentage of public primary schools that monitored campus in specified ways, by selected school characteristics: School year 2015

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Table 28.1 Percentage of public primary schools that monitored campus in specified ways, by selected school characteristics: School year 2015–16

	Percentage of schools that monitored access to students in specified ways
School characteristic	Require metal detector checks on students every day	Perform one or more random metal detector checks on students		Use one or more random dog sniffs to check for drugs		Perform one or more random sweeps for contraband, but not including dog sniffs¹		Require drug testing for athletes		Require drug testing for students in extra-curricular activities other than athletics		Require students to wear uniforms
All public primary schools	‡	2.0	!	5.9		3.1	!	1.1	!	1.1	!	25.4

Enrollment size
Less than 300	‡	‡		6.7	!	‡		‡		‡		16.9
300–499	‡	‡		6.2		‡		‡		‡		24.6
500–999	‡	2.9	!	5.0		‡		1.7	!	1.6	!	29.7
1,000 or more	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		41.1

Locale
City	‡	3.2	!	3.5	!	3.3	!	‡		‡		44.3
Suburb	‡	‡		2.9	!	2.4	!	‡		‡		19.7
Town	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		21.7
Rural	‡	‡		14.0		5.2	!	3.3	!	3.3	!	11.6

Crime level where students live²
High	‡	12.1	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		53.6
Moderate	‡	‡		3.1	!	‡		‡		‡		44.0
Low	‡	‡		6.6		1.8	!	1.8	!	1.7	!	10.2
Mixed	‡	‡		8.5	!	‡		‡		‡		41.5

Percent combined enrollment of Black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, and American Indian/ Alaska Native students, and students of Two or more races
Less than 5 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
5 to less than 20 percent	‡	‡		10.0		‡		3.3	!	3.3	!	4.1	!
20 to less than 50 percent	‡	‡		3.2	!	‡		‡		‡		9.5
50 percent or more	‡	3.0	!	4.9	!	4.3	!	‡		‡		47.9

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–25 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		11.6	!
26–50 percent	‡	‡		6.7	!	‡		‡		‡		7.2
51–75 percent	‡	‡		9.8		‡		3.0	!	3.0	!	21.5
More than 75 percent	‡	4.9	!	5.1	!	5.6	!	‡		‡		51.2

Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	‡	‡		4.9	!	‡		‡		‡		22.5
6–15 percent	‡	‡		5.3		3.4	!	1.8	!	‡		20.1
More than 15 percent	‡	3.2	!	7.2		3.5	!	‡		‡		33.5

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	‡	‡		7.3	!	‡		‡		‡		27.7
36–60 percent	‡	‡		8.1		5.4	!	3.1	!	3.1	!	26.3
More than 60 percent	‡	1.1	!	4.4		1.9	!	‡		‡		24.3

Percent of students who consider academic achievement very important
0–25 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		31.5
26–50 percent	‡	‡		6.3	!	9.1	!	‡		‡		28.7
51–75 percent	‡	‡		8.1		3.9	!	2.9	!	‡		26.6
More than 75 percent	‡	1.2	!	4.8		‡		‡		‡		23.3

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		24.4	!
45–55 percent	‡	2.1	!	6.2		2.5	!	1.4	!	1.4	!	25.2
More than 55 percent	‡	‡		‡		7.5	!	‡		‡		27.6

Student-to-FTE ratio³
Less than 12 students	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		20.4	!
12–16 students	‡	2.7	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		27.3
More than 16 students	‡	2.0	!	8.9		4.3	!	1.5	!	1.8	!	25.3

Number of classroom changes⁴
0–3 changes	‡	‡		4.2	!	2.0	!	‡		‡		27.4
4–6 changes	‡	1.9	!	4.7		3.0	!	1.4	!	1.7	!	24.2
More than 6 changes	‡	‡		16.2	!	6.5	!	‡		‡		24.5

Regular use of security staff⁵
Regular use	‡	4.0	!	7.7		3.6	!	1.7	!	‡		33.1
No regular use	‡	‡		4.4		2.6	!	‡		‡		19.0

Number of serious discipline problems⁶
No problems	‡	1.5	!	4.7		2.7	!	1.2	!	1.1	!	24.0
1 problem	‡	‡		9.7	!	‡		‡		‡		24.0
2 problems	‡	‡		15.3	!	‡		‡		‡		38.3	!
3 or more problems	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		83.5

Transfers as a percentage of enrollment⁷
Less than 6 percent	‡	2.5	!	9.0		4.0	!	‡		‡		25.1
6 to less than 11 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		24.3
11 to less than 21 percent	‡	3.2	!	7.2	!	‡		‡		‡		20.6
21 percent or more	‡	‡		5.1	!	3.0	!	‡		‡		31.5

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions⁸
No disruptions	‡	1.9	!	5.7		2.9	!	1.2	!	1.2	!	25.9
Any disruptions	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		18.8	!

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		19.7
3–5 percent	‡	1.3	!	4.9	!	3.1	!	1.6	!	‡		23.6
6–10 percent	‡	5.3	!	9.9		5.2	!	‡		‡		31.2
More than 10 percent	‡	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		33.3	!

Prevalence of violent incidents ⁹
No violent incidents	‡	‡		7.0		‡		‡		‡		21.1
Any violent incidents	‡	2.8	!	5.0		4.0	!	‡		‡		28.6
! Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is from 30 percent to 50 percent of the estimate's value.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the standard error represents more than 50 percent of the estimate.
¹Examples of contraband provided to respondents were drugs or weapons.
²Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and "students come from areas with very different levels of crime."
³Student-to-FTE ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁴Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁵Regular use of security staff includes full- or part-time school resource officers, sworn law enforcement officers, or security guards or security personnel present at school at least once a week.
⁶Serious discipline problems include student racial/ethnic tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student harassment of other students based on sexual orientation, student harassment of other students based on gender identity, widespread disorder in classrooms, student verbal abuse of teachers, student acts of disrespect for teachers other than verbal abuse, and gang activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
⁷Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
⁸Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
⁹Violent incidents include rape or attempted rape, sexual assault other than rape (including threatened rape), physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery (taking things with force) with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Primary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Detail may not sum to totals because schools may have reported using more than one of these practices. Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2015–16 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2016.

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