Table 10. Percentage of public middle schools reporting selected types of disciplinary problems occurring at school daily or at least once a week, or at all, by selected school characteristics: School year 2009–10

Crime and Safety Surveys

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Table 10. Percentage of public middle schools reporting selected types of disciplinary problems occurring at school daily or at least once a week, or at all, by selected school characteristics: School year 2009–10–Continued


	Happens daily or at least once a week														Happens at all
School characteristic	Student racial/ethnic tensions		Student bullying		Student sexual harassment of other students¹		Student sexual harassment of other students based on sexual orientation^1,²		Student verbal abuse of teachers		Widespread disorder in classrooms		Student acts of disrespect for teachers other than verbal abuse³		Gang activities⁴		Cult or extremist group activities⁵
All public middle schools	5.4		38.6		6.1		6.2		6.8		4.1		13.7		29.2		1.4

Enrollment size
Less than 300	‡		31.4		5.3	!	9.2	!	‡		‡		7.6	!	14.5		‡
300–499	4.8	!	35.2		6.0	!	5.2	!	5.9	!	5.1	!	12.3		20.6		‡
500–999	6.3		42.2		6.1		6.1		8.7		5.6		16.8		33.8		1.7	!
1,000 or more	8.1		42.3		7.9		4.3	!	6.8	!	2.8	!	13.5		49.2		3.4	!

Urbanicity
City	8.9		43.0		8.2		7.1	!	14.7		7.5		20.9		49.4		4.1	!
Suburb	5.9		34.8		6.5		7.0		6.6		5.5		13.0		26.6		‡
Town	‡		43.2		5.9	!	4.6	!	3.4	!	‡		12.7		27.7		‡
Rural	4.1	!	36.3		4.1	!	5.7	!	2.7	!	2.5	!	9.2		16.2		‡

Crime level where students live⁶
High	16.0	!	42.3		14.9	!	‡		21.9		14.7	!	34.9		58.2		‡
Moderate	7.3		45.7		6.4		8.0		14.7		8.0		20.0		45.5		1.6	!
Low	3.7		35.7		6.0		5.2		2.2	!	1.8	!	8.5		15.9		1.1	!
Mixed	4.3	!	38.4		‡		4.2	!	6.3		2.8	!	15.0		44.4		‡

Percent of combined Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native students
Less than 5 percent	‡		31.8		4.6	!	‡		‡		‡		6.2	!	‡		‡
5 to less than 20 percent	4.6		36.0		3.2	!	4.5	!	2.3	!	1.4	!	7.8		9.8		‡
20 to less than 50 percent	5.4		43.1		9.4		7.9		3.5	!	2.2	!	13.6		30.2		2.1	!
50 percent or more	7.7		39.7		6.4	!	7.2		15.2		9.1		20.9		53.5		1.7	!

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	5.5		37.5		3.5	!	4.1	!	‡		‡		4.3	!	7.0		‡
21–50 percent	4.4		38.9		6.7		6.8		2.9		2.5	!	11.6		21.3		2.0	!
More than 50 percent	6.1		38.9		6.7		6.6		11.9		6.2		18.8		43.4		1.2	!

Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	3.0		34.0		3.7		3.2		2.4	!	1.9	!	9.6		18.4		‡
6–15 percent	5.7		40.8		6.6		6.5		6.5		2.1	!	13.4		28.8		1.5	!
More than 15 percent	8.4		42.0		9.0		10.1		13.7		10.7		20.2		45.7		2.4	!

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	9.6		43.0		8.9		9.4		13.5		6.7		22.0		42.5		‡
36–60 percent	4.6	!	39.6		7.1		6.2		7.2		4.8		17.6		35.8		2.5	!
More than 60 percent	4.1		36.1		4.3		4.9		3.7		2.6	!	7.6		19.1		0.7	!

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	8.6	!	53.5		‡		‡		23.2	!	‡		26.5		49.6		‡
26–50 percent	8.8		41.9		9.0		9.4		10.2		7.7		18.5		41.1		3.1	!
51–75 percent	5.3	!	41.6		8.0		7.8		8.2		2.2	!	17.2		30.3		1.3	!
More than 75 percent	3.6		33.2		3.3		3.9		2.2	!	3.0		7.6		20.7		‡

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	‡		39.9		‡		‡		‡		‡		9.4	!	22.9		‡
45–55 percent	5.5		39.1		6.4		6.4		6.9		4.2		13.7		30.3		1.3
More than 55 percent	7.5	!	31.8		‡		‡		7.9	!	‡		20.5		25.1		‡

Student-to-FTE ratio⁷
Less than 12 students	3.0	!	37.8		4.7	!	4.5	!	10.0		8.3		15.3		29.6		‡
12–16 students	5.3		33.8		5.8		6.5		6.4		3.8		14.0		26.7		‡
More than 16 students	6.2		43.4		6.8		6.5		6.2		3.1		12.9		31.4		2.4	!

Number of classroom changes⁸
0–3 changes	‡		33.1	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		19.7	!	‡
4–6 changes	4.1	!	35.1		5.8		6.1		6.2		2.6	!	13.8		31.6		1.3	!
More than 6 changes	6.1		41.0		6.2		6.5		7.0		4.9		13.7		28.3		1.5	!

Regular use of law enforcement ⁹
Regular use	6.6		39.8		6.4		6.4		8.5		5.4		16.2		36.2		1.4	!
No regular use	3.0	!	36.4		5.6		5.9	!	3.4	!	‡		8.8		15.5		1.3	!

Number of serious discipline problems¹⁰
No problems	‡		2.4		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		19.0		‡
1 problem	‡		82.5		‡		‡		‡		‡		11.0		37.3		‡
2 problems	15.2		83.4		11.8		15.1		13.7		6.2	!	48.8		37.4		4.7	!
3 or more problems	37.6		89.0		48.5		44.7		50.8		29.7		62.1		57.8		6.5	!

Transfers as a percentage of enrollment^¹¹
Less than 6 percent	3.3	!	33.3		2.3	!	3.7	!	2.4	!	1.7	!	7.6		15.8		1.9	!
6 to less than 11 percent	5.5		42.3		5.8		6.1		5.9		3.9	!	13.4		29.7		‡
11 to less than 21 percent	5.9		38.3		9.0		7.7		6.6		3.1	!	12.7		29.7		‡
21 percent or more	6.7		41.0		6.3	!	6.8		13.0		8.6		22.4		42.6		‡

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions¹²
No disruptions	5.3		38.3		6.2		5.9		6.7		3.9		13.3		28.6		1.4
Any disruptions	7.1	!	44.0		‡		10.5	!	7.8	!	7.7	!	19.8		39.5		‡

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	‡		30.1		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		12.9	!	‡
3–5 percent	5.8		39.0		6.3		6.3		4.2		3.3		11.5		27.1		1.4	!
6–10 percent	4.8		39.3		6.2		6.4		11.5		5.3		18.0		35.1		1.7	!
More than 10 percent	‡		37.4		‡		‡		14.2	!	‡		21.4	!	37.3		‡

Prevalence of violent incidents¹³
No violent incidents	‡		17.0		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Any violent incidents	6.0		40.9		6.7		6.7		7.5		4.5		14.8		31.8		1.5
!Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is from 30 percent to 50 percent of the estimate’s value.
‡Reporting standards not met. The standard error represents more than 50 percent of the estimate.
¹Sexual harassment was defined for respondents as "unsolicited, offensive behavior that inappropriately asserts sexuality over another person. This behavior may be verbal or nonverbal."
²This item is new to the 2009–10 School Survey on Crime and Safety.
³The wording of this item has changed between the 2006 and 2008 collections. In 2008, the phrase "other than verbal abuse" was added to this item. Caution should be exercised when making direct comparisons to prior School Survey on Crime and Safety collections.
⁴Gang was defined for respondents as "an ongoing loosely organized association of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, that has a common name, signs, symbols, or colors, whose members engage, either individually or collectively, in violent or other forms of illegal behavior."
⁵Cult or extremist group was defined for respondents as "a group that espouses radical beliefs and practices, which may include a religious component, that are widely seen as threatening the basic values and cultural norms of society at large."
⁶Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and students come from areas with very different levels of crime.
⁷Student-to-FTE ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁸Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁹Respondents were asked, "During the 2009–10 school year, did you have any security guards, security personnel, or sworn law enforcement officers present at your school at least once a week?"
¹⁰Serious discipline problems include student racial/ethnic tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, student acts of disrespect for teachers other than verbal abuse, gang activities, and cult or extremist group activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
¹¹Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹²Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
¹³Violent incidents include rape or attempted rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: "At school" was defined for respondents to include activities that happen in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that hold school-sponsored events or activities. Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), 2009–10 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS).

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