Table 2. Number and percentage of public middle schools reporting violent and other incidents to police with the number of incidents reported, by selected school characteristics: 1999

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)

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Table 2. Number and percentage of public middle schools reporting violent and other incidents to police with the number of incidents reported, by selected school characteristics: 1999–2000

School characteristic	Violent incidents¹			Serious violent incidents ²			Theft³			Other incidents⁴
School characteristic	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents
All public middle schools	8,543	56	81,441	3,821	25	10,812	6,166	40	26,514	11,246	73	75,317

Enrollment size
Less than 300	958	35	3,281	516	19	979	850	31	2,835	1,370	50	5,023
300–499	1,556	46	7,770	536	16	1,122	1,129	34	2,710	2,096	62	9,070
500–999	4,673	64	50,344	2,142	29	6,225	3,224	44	12,889	6,064	83	42,832
1,000 or more	1,356	69	20,045	627	32	2,486	963	49	8,081	1,717	88	18,392

Urbanicity
City	2,367	69	32,780	1,052	31	3,797	1,658	49	10,231	2,970	87	25,992
Urban fringe	3,093	57	30,014	1,381	26	4,292	2,111	39	8,266	4,100	76	28,891
Town	1,275	52	8,644	468	19	896	1,067	43	2,998	1,588	64	7,085
Rural	1,807	44	10,004	921	22	1,828	1,330	32	5,019	2,588	63	13,350

Crime level where students live⁵
High	590	78	9,464	361	48	1,923	398	53	3,145	653	87	6,805
Moderate	1,484	58	20,278	791	31	2,514	1,193	46	5,049	2,025	79	18,399
Low	5,015	51	34,166	1,960	20	4,177	3,867	39	14,256	6,802	69	36,501
Mixed	1,387	68	17,215	708	25	2,198	691	34	4,013	1,699	83	13,159

Percent minority enrollment⁵
0–5 percent	2,100	48	10,773	952	22	1,955	1,546	35	3,556	2,891	66	12,352
6–20 percent	1,930	49	19,196	852	22	2,163	1,711	44	7,913	2,771	71	19,231
21–50 percent	2,214	63	24,842	866	25	2,696	1,485	42	6,856	2,786	80	21,175
More than 50 percent	2,213	64	25,538	1,137	33	3,983	1,353	39	7,572	2,727	79	21,254

Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	2,351	50	16,521	887	19	2,028	1,769	38	6,040	3,308	71	16,434
21–50 percent	3,681	58	36,108	1,651	26	4,076	2,663	42	12,091	4,768	75	34,109
More than 50 percent	2,510	58	28,811	1,283	29	4,707	1,735	40	8,383	3,170	73	24,775

Percent of students below 15^th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	2,048	48	19,259	617	14	1,369	1,778	42	6,032	2,823	66	15,469
6–15 percent	3,845	58	30,099	2,006	30	5,151	2,567	39	10,577	5,074	76	31,326
More than 15 percent	2,650	59	32,084	1,198	27	4,292	1,822	41	9,905	3,349	75	28,521

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	2,779	64	33,508	1,310	30	4,301	1,729	40	9,687	3,453	80	28,332
36–60 percent	3,156	56	26,011	1,327	23	3,834	2,113	37	7,558	4,046	71	25,386
More than 60 percent	2,607	48	21,922	1,183	22	2,677	2,324	43	9,269	3,747	70	21,599

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	999	61	12,804	464	28	1,659	699	42	3,851	1,233	75	11,677
26–50 percent	2,149	65	25,133	1,005	30	3,689	1,603	48	7,129	2,625	79	21,036
51–75 percent	3,034	59	23,917	1,374	27	3,375	1,941	37	8,133	3,804	73	24,545
More than 75 percent	2,361	45	19,587	977	19	2,088	1,923	37	7,401	3,584	68	18,059

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	1,019	49	8,453	458	22	1,731	578	28	1,927	1,499	72	7,268
45–55 percent	6,819	57	66,902	2,905	24	8,142	5,013	42	21,790	8,847	74	60,681
More than 55 percent	705	53	6,086	458	35	939	575	44	2,796	901	68	7,368

Student/teacher ratio⁵,⁶
Less than 12	2,664	57	21,529	1,037	22	2,612	1,815	39	8,137	3,265	70	19,428
12–16	2,840	50	26,314	1,253	22	3,355	2,118	37	8,083	4,113	72	24,773
More than 16	2,611	61	28,674	1,338	31	4,401	1,881	44	8,809	3,307	77	27,010

Number of classroom changes⁵
0–3 changes	338	35	1,610	189	20	418	207	21	376	400	41	1,864
4–6 changes	3,015	55	29,246	1,394	25	4,342	2,308	42	10,664	4,037	74	30,690
More than 6 changes	4,282	59	42,318	1,811	25	5,086	2,918	40	12,485	5,583	77	36,240

Use of paid law enforcement⁷
Regular use	6,612	63	74,019	3,071	29	9,418	4,877	46	22,576	8,422	80	63,750
No regular use	1,931	40	7,422	749	15	1,394	1,290	26	3,938	2,825	58	11,568

Number of serious discipline problems⁸
No problems	1,889	34	8,745	635	12	1,029	1,374	25	4,230	3,266	59	12,238
1 problem	2,267	60	17,357	946	25	2,784	1,696	45	6,205	2,910	77	16,940
2 problems	1,583	68	17,729	791	34	2,270	937	40	3,573	1,849	80	13,843
3 or more problems	2,804	74	37,610	1,449	38	4,729	2,159	57	12,506	3,222	85	32,296

Transfers as percentage of enrollment⁵,⁹
0 to 6 percent	1,876	48	14,405	697	18	1,769	1,341	35	5,660	2,717	70	13,873
6 to 11 percent	1,865	55	14,959	823	24	1,846	1,415	42	5,363	2,217	65	13,627
11 to 21 percent	2,219	60	23,812	1,056	28	3,089	1,707	46	6,452	2,840	76	22,499
21 percent or more	2,342	59	26,491	1,096	28	3,652	1,566	39	8,448	3,102	78	23,092

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions⁵,¹⁰
No disruptions	6,108	51	56,307	2,511	21	5,827	4,733	40	21,317	8,549	71	54,112
Any disruptions	1,826	73	21,448	974	39	3,951	1,147	46	4,452	2,119	85	17,695

Percent of students absent without excuses
None	1,328	48	6,808	580	21	1,311	1,051	38	3,147	1,826	66	8,739
1–2 percent	3,373	53	31,915	1,365	22	3,013	2,538	40	11,483	4,599	73	29,016
3–5 percent	2,172	59	21,188	1,168	32	3,419	1,610	44	6,758	2,830	77	20,723
6–10 percent	1,262	60	16,578	516	25	2,089	762	36	3,383	1,506	72	13,141
More than 10 percent	409	77	4,953	193	36	979	205	38	1,743	485	91	3,699
¹ Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
² Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with a weapon, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
³ Theft/larceny (taking things over $10 without personal confrontation) was defined for respondents as, "the unlawful taking of another person's property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts."
⁴ Other incidents include possession of a firearm or explosive device, possession of a knife or sharp object, distribution of illegal drugs, possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs, sexual harassment, or vandalism.
⁵ Some schools are omitted from these categories because of missing data on their school characteristics. For this reason, the detailed results do not sum to the totals. See appendix J of 2000 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) Detailed Data Documentation (NCES 2004-307) for further information.
⁶ Student/teacher ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time equivalent teachers. The total number of full-time equivalent teachers is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers, including special education teachers, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁷ Schools were included as regularly using paid law enforcement if they reported the use of paid law enforcement during any of the following times: at any time during school hours, while students were arriving or leaving, at selected school activities (e.g., athletic and social events, open houses, science fairs), or at any other time that the respondent specified.
⁸ Serious discipline problems is a count of discipline problems reported by principals. These discipline problems include student racial tensions, student bullying, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, and student acts of disrespect for teachers. If a principal reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems. Undesirable gang activities and undesirable cult or extremist group activities were also counted once as a problem if the principal reported that these events occurred at all in their school.
⁹ Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school, divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹⁰ Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as bomb threats or anthrax threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. "At school/at your school" was defined for respondents as including activities happening in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that are holding school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to, unless the survey specified otherwise, only respond for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities/events were in session. Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2000.

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