Table 22. Percentage of public elementary schools reporting the use of selected violence prevention program components, by selected school characteristics: School year 2009

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Table 22. Percentage of public elementary schools reporting the use of selected violence prevention program components, by selected school characteristics: School year 2009–10


	Percentage of schools using selected violence prevention program components
School characteristic	Prevention curriculum, instruction, or training for students¹		Behavioral or behavior modification intervention for students		Counseling, social work, psychological, or therapeutic activity for students		Individual attention, mentoring, tutoring, or coaching of students by students²		Individual attention, mentoring, tutoring, or coaching of students by adults³	Recreational, enrichment, or leisure activities for students	Students’ involvement in resolving student conduct problems⁴	Programs to promote a sense of community or social integration among students
All public elementary schools	90.3		94.3		93.6		55.8		91.7	84.8	46.7	84.0

Enrollment size
Less than 300	86.4		88.6		88.2		45.2		85.3	81.6	40.0	75.1
300–499	90.7		96.1		94.6		56.4		94.4	84.9	48.9	86.1
500–999	92.5		96.2		95.5		61.6		92.9	86.6	47.9	87.3
1,000 or more	88.8		93.1		100.0	⁵	56.8		91.7	84.3	57.2	84.5

Urbanicity
City	90.4		97.1		95.5		61.2		95.6	92.0	53.4	88.0
Suburb	91.6		95.6		93.7		61.0		92.5	84.4	48.1	89.3
Town	95.4		98.4		94.7		52.7		88.3	81.2	35.8	79.6
Rural	86.2		87.8		90.8		45.3		88.0	79.0	43.0	75.4

Crime level where students live⁶
High	93.4		97.7		100.0	⁵	64.3		97.7	92.7	64.2	87.9
Moderate	88.9		94.5		91.6		58.7		91.5	86.7	38.5	85.9
Low	90.6		93.6		93.9		53.5		91.1	82.9	45.1	81.8
Mixed	90.0		95.5		92.0		55.8		91.3	85.6	60.7	88.4

Percent of combined Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native students
Less than 5 percent	86.1		86.1		88.5		45.7		83.8	81.1	39.0	80.0
5 to less than 20 percent	88.6		95.0		92.4		51.2		89.7	80.5	41.0	84.1
20 to less than 50 percent	93.4		94.3		92.5		55.3		95.7	82.5	47.1	84.3
50 percent or more	90.8		96.4		96.6		62.0		92.8	90.0	52.3	84.9

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	88.4		91.1		90.4		59.7		92.8	89.1	46.9	88.2
21–50 percent	91.3		93.6		93.4		55.3		91.6	82.7	45.9	84.0
More than 50 percent	90.4		95.6		94.6		54.9		91.4	84.6	47.0	82.7

Percent of students below 15th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	89.3		92.5		92.4		54.1		89.4	84.5	44.7	84.0
6–15 percent	91.3		96.3		94.8		57.2		95.2	86.5	49.0	87.7
More than 15 percent	90.7		94.6		93.8		56.6		90.5	82.7	46.6	78.2

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	90.2		93.0		92.4		50.9		89.9	82.6	41.5	76.9
36–60 percent	88.7		91.3		91.4		54.9		91.4	85.2	42.9	83.0
More than 60 percent	91.3		96.7		95.4		58.6		92.7	85.6	51.3	87.9

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	94.0		82.5		94.9		55.6		85.4	75.4	38.7	74.3
26–50 percent	87.7		95.5		90.9		44.5		88.7	78.0	35.3	67.3
51–75 percent	90.9		94.2		93.3		56.8		91.2	87.6	45.4	86.5
More than 75 percent	90.3		95.2		94.2		57.7		93.1	85.8	50.4	87.2

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	89.4		96.4		98.2		55.0		90.2	84.7	62.2	82.5
45–55 percent	90.6		94.2		93.7		55.3		92.3	84.8	44.5	83.9
More than 55 percent	88.9		93.4		88.8		59.5		88.4	84.4	48.6	85.2

Student-to-FTE ratio⁷
Less than 12 students	86.2		88.6		89.3		57.9		89.8	81.7	56.2	78.7
12–16 students	92.6		95.1		96.5		53.6		92.6	86.8	43.8	85.4
More than 16 students	89.5		95.1		92.2		57.0		91.4	83.9	46.7	84.1

Number of classroom changes ⁸
0–3 changes	88.0		92.8		92.6		56.9		88.3	81.4	48.2	78.6
4–6 changes	92.4		95.2		94.4		55.1		93.5	84.4	46.0	87.6
More than 6 changes	88.9		95.3		93.0		55.2		93.6	94.3	45.1	84.7

Regular use of law enforcement ⁹
Regular use	92.2		96.3		95.7		55.4		95.7	86.3	50.2	85.3
No regular use	89.6		93.6		92.8		55.9		90.1	84.2	45.3	83.5

Number of serious discipline problems¹⁰
No problems	90.1		94.1		93.7		56.2		90.7	85.0	48.3	84.1
1 problem	90.0		93.3		91.7		57.0		93.9	85.1	43.1	82.4
2 problems	100.0	⁵	97.0		96.3		39.9	!	97.7	71.8	41.1	78.4
3 or more problems	86.6		100.0	⁵	96.6		57.5		96.6	92.1	31.8	92.7

Transfers as a percentage of enrollment¹¹
Less than 6 percent	91.4		93.9		96.0		64.0		93.4	87.0	52.3	84.9
6 to less than 11 percent	96.0		96.9		96.9		55.3		93.4	90.0	46.5	90.5
11 to less than 21 percent	87.4		89.2		89.9		45.6		92.1	78.4	40.0	77.5
21 percent or more	87.7		97.0		92.1		57.5		88.5	84.3	47.5	83.7

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions¹²
No disruptions	90.7		94.5		93.7		55.5		91.6	84.8	47.0	83.7
Any disruptions	82.1		89.3		89.8		63.4		92.4	84.0	37.7	89.1

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	92.9		94.1		94.4		68.0		89.7	77.8	51.7	85.8
3–5 percent	90.7		95.1		93.7		54.8		92.1	86.6	45.5	84.4
6–10 percent	89.0		92.7		93.7		54.4		93.8	81.4	47.9	83.1
More than 10 percent	88.2		92.5		88.4		59.3		71.5	88.2	49.6	77.8

Prevalence of violent incidents¹³
No violent incidents	91.1		92.3		93.3		50.9		88.1	78.4	46.8	80.7
Any violent incidents	89.9		95.4		93.7		58.5		93.7	88.3	46.6	85.7
¹For example, social skills training.
²³These items are new to the 2009–10 School survey on Crime and Safety. Prior to the 2009–10 survey, these two items were combined into one.
⁴For example, conflict resolution, peer mediation, or student court.
⁵Rounds to 100.
⁶Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and "students come from areas with very different levels of crime."
⁷Student-to-FTE ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁸Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁹Respondents were asked, "During the 2009–10 school year, did you have any security guards, security personnel, or sworn law enforcement officers present at your school at least once a week?"
¹⁰Serious discipline problems include student racial/ethnic tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, student acts of disrespect for teachers other than verbal abuse, gang activities, and cult or extremist group activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
¹¹Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹²Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
¹³Violent incidents include rape or attempted rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because schools may have reported using more than one of these violence prevention program components. Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school. Elementary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 & the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), 2009–10 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS).

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