Table 23. Number and percentage of public schools with a written plan for responding to at least one crisis situation, and the percentage of schools with specified types of crisis response plans, by selected school characteristics: School year 2003

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)

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Table 23. Number and percentage of public schools with a written plan for responding to at least one crisis situation, and the percentage of schools with specified types of crisis response plans, by selected school characteristics: School year 2003–04

School characteristic	Schools with a written plan for responding to at least one crisis situation		Percentage of schools with specified types of crisis response plans
School characteristic	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Shootings	Natural disasters¹	Hostages	Bomb threats or incidents	Chemical, biological, or radiological threats or incidents²
All public schools	79,208	98	79	96	73	94	69

Level³
Primary	48,215	99	76	97	73	95	71
Middle	14,350	99	86	97	78	96	70
High school	10,700	99	86	95	79	96	72
Combined	5,944	93	72	88	58	83	51

Enrollment size
Less than 300	18,093	95	69	92	63	88	58
300–499	23,285	99	80	97	75	94	72
500–999	28,941	100	81	98	77	97	72
1,000 or more	8,889	99	85	97	81	97	74

Urbanicity
City	19,773	99	74	96	67	93	71
Urban fringe	26,369	99	81	97	79	97	74
Town	9,543	99	81	97	75	95	65
Rural	23,523	97	79	95	72	91	64

Crime level where students live⁴
High	5,763	99	82	96	76	91	67
Moderate	15,168	98	75	94	70	95	71
Low	47,710	98	79	96	74	93	69
Mixed	10,568	99	81	98	76	97	70

Percent minority enrollment⁵
Less than 5 percent	16,905	99	85	97	76	95	70
5 to 20 percent	19,538	99	80	95	78	96	69
20 to 50 percent	17,464	99	75	98	72	93	69
50 percent or more	23,610	97	76	94	68	93	69

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	18,618	98	81	96	77	95	72
21–50 percent	28,425	99	81	97	78	96	72
More than 50 percent	32,166	98	75	95	68	92	65

Percent of students below 15^th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	22,840	98	77	97	75	94	70
6–15 percent	33,473	99	82	96	75	95	72
More than 15 percent	22,895	98	76	95	70	93	66

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	24,951	97	73	95	67	91	62
36–60 percent	22,391	100	80	98	79	97	74
More than 60 percent	31,866	99	82	96	75	94	72

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	7,886	96	69	91	61	87	56
26–50 percent	16,861	97	77	94	71	93	65
51–75 percent	23,263	100	78	98	74	97	72
More than 75 percent	31,198	99	83	97	78	94	73

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	5,403	98	76	96	69	91	61
45–55 percent	64,977	98	79	96	75	95	70
More than 55 percent	8,829	98	76	97	67	89	65

Student-to-teacher ratio⁶
Less than 12 students	34,785	97	77	94	72	91	68
12–16 students	29,704	100	81	98	77	97	71
More than 16 students	14,719	99	77	97	71	94	68

Number of classroom changes⁷
0–3 changes	20,627	98	76	96	72	92	72
4–6 changes	36,722	99	77	96	72	95	68
More than 6 changes	21,859	99	83	97	78	95	69

Regular use of law enforcement⁸
Regular use	35,768	99	83	96	79	95	73
No regular use	43,440	98	75	96	69	93	67

Number of serious discipline problems⁹
No problems	50,819	98	79	96	74	94	69
1 problem	14,412	99	74	96	72	95	72
2 problems	7,584	100	85	98	77	95	71
3 or more problems	6,394	98	81	93	70	93	60

Transfers as a percentage of enrollment¹⁰
0 to 6 percent	15,473	98	78	96	70	93	68
6 to 11 percent	17,222	99	80	95	75	93	72
11 to 21 percent	23,938	99	80	98	76	96	69
21 percent or more	22,575	97	76	95	72	94	68

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions¹¹
No disruptions	74,123	98	78	96	73	94	69
Any disruptions	5,086	100	86	96	79	100	77

Percent of students absent on a daily basis
0–2 percent	7,703	98	80	96	69	90	64
3–5 percent	44,188	99	79	97	76	95	72
6–10 percent	23,216	98	78	95	71	94	66
More than 10 percent	4,101	94	73	91	65	90	68

Prevalence of violent incidents¹²
No violent incidents	14,577	98	77	95	71	89	66
Any violent incidents	64,632	99	79	96	74	95	70
¹ Examples of natural disasters provided to respondents were earthquakes or tornadoes.
² Examples of chemical, biological, or radiological threats or incidents provided to respondents were the release of mustard gas, anthrax, smallpox, or radioactive materials.
³ Primary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9. High schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 12. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools.
⁴ Respondents were asked, "How would you describe the crime level in the area(s) in which your students live?" Response options included "high level of crime," "moderate level of crime," "low level of crime," and "students come from areas with very different levels of crime."
⁵ These estimates exclude data from Tennessee because schools in this state did not report estimates of student race.
⁶ Student-to-teacher ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides. The total number of full-time-equivalent teachers and aides is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers and aides, including special education teachers and aides, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁷ Respondents were asked, "How many classroom changes do most students make in a typical day?" Responses exclude morning arrival and afternoon departure.
⁸ Respondents were asked, "During the 2003–2004 school year, did you have any sworn law enforcement officers, security guards, or security personnel present at your school on a regular basis?"
⁹ Serious discipline problems include student racial tensions, student bullying, student sexual harassment of other students, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, student acts of disrespect for teachers, gang activities, and cult or extremist group activities. If a respondent reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems.
¹⁰ Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹¹ Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as death threats, bomb threats, and chemical, biological, or radiological threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
¹² Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Respondents were included as having a written plan for responding to at least one crisis situation if they reported that they had a written plan that described procedures for any of the following: school shootings; natural disasters; hostages; bomb threats; or chemical, biological, or radiological threats or incidents. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Reponses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.

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