Program for International Student Assessment (PISA): 2015 Results

Science Literacy: Proficiency Levels

Overall High and Low Performers Content Subscales Process Subscales

Process Subscales

Table S6. Percentage distribution of 15-year-old students on the PISA science literacy process subscales, by proficiency level and education system: 2015 (NOTE: this is a 3-part table. See Part 2 \| Part 3)
	Explain phenomena
Education system	Below level 1a		Level 1a		Level 2		Level 3		Level 4			Level 5			Level 6
Education system	Percent	*s.e.*	Percent	*s.e.*	Percent	*s.e.*	Percent	*s.e.*	Percent		*s.e.*	Percent		*s.e.*	Percent		*s.e.*
OECD average	5.7	0.10	16.0	0.13	25.5	0.15	27.1	0.15	18.2		0.13	6.4		0.09	1.1		0.04
Albania	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Algeria	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Australia	5.1	0.27	13.5	0.52	22.5	0.51	27.5	0.60	20.9		0.56	8.6		0.38	1.8		0.22
Austria	4.9	0.52	14.9	0.73	23.9	0.78	28.2	0.92	19.5		0.77	7.4		0.51	1.3		0.22
B-S-J-G (China)	4.5	0.66	10.9	0.86	19.6	0.96	25.5	1.16	24.6		1.14	12.3		1.08	2.6		0.56
Belgium	6.2	0.53	15.6	0.63	23.8	0.69	26.7	0.72	20.1		0.62	6.8		0.47	0.9		0.13
Brazil	24.5	1.00	31.0	0.72	24.6	0.66	13.6	0.65	5.2		0.44	1.0		0.17	#	!	†
Buenos Aires (Argentina)	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Bulgaria	14.9	1.25	22.1	1.17	25.1	1.01	22.4	1.11	12.1		0.91	3.1		0.38	#	!	†
Canada	1.8	0.28	9.2	0.47	21.3	0.66	30.8	0.70	25.2		0.69	9.8		0.54	1.9		0.20
Chile	9.0	0.72	23.9	0.93	32.2	1.04	24.3	0.91	9.3		0.68	1.3		0.22	‡		†
Chinese Taipei	2.8	0.31	8.5	0.53	16.9	0.73	25.7	0.95	27.1		0.89	15.0		0.87	4.0		0.59
Colombia	17.8	1.13	33.5	0.98	30.1	0.92	14.8	0.73	3.5		0.36	0.3	!	0.10	‡		†
Costa Rica	10.1	0.75	34.8	1.17	36.5	0.88	15.6	0.80	2.9		0.36	‡		†	#		†
Croatia	4.4	0.58	18.6	0.89	31.5	1.06	28.2	0.97	13.7		0.70	3.2		0.37	#		†
Cyprus	16.5	0.66	27.6	0.91	28.7	0.83	18.4	0.80	7.3		0.48	1.4		0.19	‡		†
Czech Republic	3.9	0.45	15.6	0.86	27.1	0.82	28.2	0.88	18.0		0.77	6.1		0.46	1.1		0.23
Denmark	3.8	0.41	13.7	0.68	26.0	0.90	29.7	0.95	19.4		0.75	6.3		0.54	1.1		0.22
Dominican Republic	48.6	1.48	34.5	1.23	13.4	0.90	3.0	0.45	0.4	!	0.13	‡		†	#		†
Estonia	1.1	0.19	7.5	0.51	20.7	0.83	30.3	0.83	25.9		0.78	12.0		0.64	2.6		0.31
Finland	1.8	0.26	8.0	0.52	19.5	0.83	29.7	0.85	27.0		0.82	11.6		0.57	2.3		0.28
France	7.5	0.60	16.9	0.71	24.2	0.93	26.8	0.75	18.7		0.78	5.4		0.48	0.6		0.16
Georgia	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Germany	3.8	0.46	13.0	0.74	23.6	0.90	28.5	0.90	20.9		0.80	8.3		0.49	1.9		0.26
Greece	12.0	1.23	22.2	0.97	28.4	0.96	23.9	1.05	11.1		0.84	2.2		0.35	#	!	†
Hong Kong (China)	1.2	0.29	6.4	0.53	17.9	0.89	33.5	0.98	29.6		1.10	10.3		0.72	1.1		0.22
Hungary	6.9	0.68	18.2	0.91	26.6	0.91	27.3	0.90	15.9		0.76	4.5		0.45	0.5		0.12
Iceland	6.9	0.57	19.4	0.90	31.0	1.07	26.9	1.14	13.0		0.68	2.7		0.39	#	!	†
Indonesia	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Ireland	2.8	0.40	12.3	0.71	27.2	0.88	31.2	0.91	19.6		0.87	6.2		0.41	0.7		0.17
Israel	13.0	0.93	20.1	0.94	24.7	0.86	23.3	0.94	14.0		0.76	4.3		0.43	0.5		0.13
Italy	7.1	0.67	17.4	0.86	26.1	0.91	28.1	0.92	16.5		0.77	4.4		0.47	#		†
Japan	1.9	0.27	8.0	0.62	19.0	0.88	29.6	0.92	27.8		0.99	11.6		0.78	2.1		0.36
Jordan	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Korea, Republic of	3.8	0.53	13.2	0.80	25.2	1.07	29.9	1.06	20.4		0.95	6.6		0.61	0.9		0.18
Kosovo	‡	†	‡	†	‡	†	‡	†	‡		†	‡		†	‡		†
Latvia	3.2	0.42	16.0	0.84	31.9	0.98	31.6	0.97	14.7		0.70	2.4		0.39	#	!	†
Lebanon	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Lithuania	5.4	0.47	18.4	0.80	29.9	0.82	26.7	0.83	14.9		0.69	4.3		0.49	#	!	†
Luxembourg	8.2	0.56	19.8	0.73	24.6	0.75	23.9	0.65	16.1		0.58	6.2		0.43	1.2		0.21
Macau (China)	1.4	0.21	7.9	0.51	22.2	0.81	33.6	0.83	25.9		0.78	8.0		0.50	1.0		0.18
Macedonia, Republic of	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Malta	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Mexico	14.2	0.85	34.8	1.00	34.5	0.97	14.1	0.87	2.2		0.31	#	!	†	#		†
Moldova, Republic of	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Montenegro, Republic of	18.8	0.68	32.1	0.94	29.0	0.82	15.1	0.62	4.5		0.40	0.6		0.13	‡		†
Netherlands	4.1	0.53	14.5	0.75	23.5	0.91	27.3	0.89	21.0		0.90	8.2		0.71	1.4		0.28
New Zealand	4.8	0.46	13.7	0.82	22.4	0.80	25.7	0.76	21.2		0.81	9.5		0.61	2.7		0.36
Norway	4.4	0.41	13.6	0.66	24.5	0.96	29.0	0.94	20.0		0.74	7.2		0.48	1.4		0.23
Peru	23.6	1.05	36.0	1.13	27.2	0.92	11.0	0.72	2.1		0.37	‡		†	#		†
Poland	3.3	0.37	13.9	0.74	26.5	0.96	29.2	0.81	19.2		0.84	6.6		0.54	1.3		0.23
Portugal	4.0	0.45	15.5	0.83	26.5	0.90	28.0	0.98	18.9		0.83	6.3		0.57	0.8		0.19
Qatar	22.6	0.76	26.8	0.65	23.5	0.55	16.5	0.43	8.3		0.33	2.0		0.18	#		†
Romania	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Russian Federation	3.2	0.43	15.9	0.94	31.4	0.98	30.4	1.09	15.5		0.90	3.4		0.48	0.3	!	0.10
Singapore	2.4	0.22	8.3	0.39	15.9	0.64	23.5	0.67	26.9		0.78	17.1		0.74	5.8		0.38
Slovak Republic	10.5	0.79	20.1	0.70	28.0	0.85	24.1	0.88	13.3		0.65	3.6		0.34	#		†
Slovenia	2.5	0.31	11.3	0.50	23.5	0.70	29.3	0.75	22.4		0.85	9.2		0.56	1.9		0.32
Spain	4.2	0.44	13.8	0.79	26.8	0.88	30.4	0.73	18.7		0.79	5.5		0.45	0.5		0.11
Sweden	5.9	0.59	14.4	0.83	24.0	0.94	27.4	0.79	19.1		0.86	7.7		0.74	1.5		0.31
Switzerland	4.9	0.69	14.3	0.87	23.1	0.86	26.2	0.83	21.6		0.89	8.5		0.63	1.4		0.23
Thailand	15.1	0.89	32.7	1.04	31.3	0.89	15.9	0.93	4.6		0.61	0.5	!	0.17	‡		†
Trinidad and Tobago	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†
Tunisia	24.9	1.41	41.7	1.29	25.9	1.09	6.7	0.63	0.8	!	0.27	‡		†	#		†
Turkey	12.2	1.07	30.8	1.39	32.0	1.26	19.3	1.33	5.3		0.88	#	!	†	#		†
United Arab Emirates	16.7	0.83	25.3	0.67	26.2	0.69	18.6	0.70	9.7		0.58	3.0		0.22	0.5		0.09
United Kingdom	4.0	0.42	12.9	0.70	22.3	0.87	27.0	0.78	21.7		0.80	9.8		0.57	2.2		0.31
United States	6.0	*0.60*	16.4	*0.81*	25.4	*0.82*	25.4	*0.92*	18.2		*1.05*	7.2		*0.57*	1.4		*0.23*
Uruguay	12.0	0.75	28.6	0.95	31.0	1.03	20.2	0.80	7.0		0.52	1.2		0.23	‡		0.04
Vietnam	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†

U.S. states and territories
Massachusetts	2.9	0.68	9.7	1.43	20.5	1.67	28.5	1.44	24.3		1.68	11.3		1.44	2.8		0.78
North Carolina	4.1	0.70	14.9	1.42	25.3	1.52	26.3	1.30	20.1		1.57	8.2		0.92	1.1		0.47
Puerto Rico	—	†	—	†	—	†	—	†	—		†	—		†	—		†

See notes at end of table.