Participating Countries

Education system	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2018
Albania¹	●			●	●	●	●
Algeria						●
Argentina^{1, 2}	●		●	●	●	●	●
Australia	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Austria	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Azerbaijan			●	●
Baku City-Azerbaijan							●
Belarus							●
Belgium	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Bosnia and Herzegovina							●
Brazil	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Brunei Darussalam							●
B-S-J-G-China³						●
B-S-J-Z-China⁴							●
Buenos Aires-Argentina						●
Bulgaria¹	●		●	●	●	●	●
Canada	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Chile¹	●		●	●	●	●	●
Chinese Taipei			●	●	●	●	●
Colombia			●	●	●	●	●
Costa Rica⁵				●	●	●	●
Croatia			●	●	●	●	●
Cyprus					●	●	●
Czech Republic	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Denmark	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Dominican Republic						●	●
Dubai-United Arab Emirates				●
Estonia			●	●	●	●	●
Finland	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
France	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Georgia⁵				●		●	●
Germany	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Greece	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Himachal Pradesh-India⁵				●			●
Hong Kong-China¹	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Hungary	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Iceland	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Indonesia¹	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Ireland	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Israel¹	●		●	●	●	●	●
Italy	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Japan	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Jordan			●	●	●	●	●
Kazakhstan²				●	●	●	●
Korea, Republic of	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Kosovo						●	●
Kyrgyz Republic			●	●
Latvia	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Lebanon						●	●
Liechtenstein	●	●	●	●	●
Lithuania			●	●	●	●	●
Luxembourg	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Macao-China		●	●	●	●	●	●
Macedonia, Republic of¹	●					●	●
Malaysia^{2, 5}				●	●	●	●
Malta⁵				●		●	●
Mauritius⁵				●
Mexico	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Miranda-Venezuela⁵				●
Moldova, Republic of⁵				●		●	●
Montenegro, Republic of			●	●	●	●	●
Morocco							●
Netherlands	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
New Zealand	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
North Macedonia¹	●					●	●
Norway	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Panama				●			●
Peru¹	●			●	●	●	●
Philippines							●
Poland	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Portugal	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Qatar			●	●	●	●	●
Romania¹	●		●	●	●	●	●
Russian Federation	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Saudi Arabia							●
Serbia			●	●	●		●
Serbia and Montenegro⁶		●
Shanghai-China				●	●
Singapore				●	●	●	●
Slovak Republic		●	●	●	●	●	●
Slovenia			●	●	●	●	●
Spain	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Sweden	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Switzerland	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Tamil Nadu-India⁵				●
Thailand¹	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Trinidad and Tobago				●		●
Tunisia		●	●	●	●	●
Turkey		●	●	●	●	●	●
Ukraine							●
United Arab Emirates⁵				●	●	●	●
United Kingdom	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
United States	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Uruguay		●	●	●	●	●	●
Vietnam²					●	●	●
Total	43	41	57	75	65	73	79

U.S. states and jurisdictions	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2018
Connecticut					●
Florida					●
Massachusetts					●	●
North Carolina						●
Puerto Rico						●
Total	0	0	0	0	3	3	0

● = Indicates participation in particular assessment with results reported.
¹ Administered the PISA 2000 assessment in 2001/2002.
² Although Argentina, Kazakhstan, and Malaysia participated in PISA 2015, technical problems with their samples prevented their results from being reported. Although Vietnam participated in PISA 2018, technical problems with its data prevented its results from being reported.
³ B-S-J-G-China refers to the four PISA-participating China provinces: Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangdong.
⁴ B-S-J-Z-China refers to the four PISA-participating China provinces: Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang.
⁵ Administered the PISA 2009 assessment in 2010. When the United Arab Emirates administered PISA in 2010, Dubai was not included.
⁶ The Republics of Montenegro and Serbia were a united jurisdiction under the PISA 2003 assessment.

NOTE: Countries are shown in boldface type if they were OECD members as of 2018. Subnational education systems are italicized.

SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2018.