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Percentage of public schools and students that participated in the Title I and federal free or reduced–price lunch programs, by state: 2017–18

  Title I services1   Federal free or reduced–price lunch program  
State Percent of all schools with students that received services   Percent of all K–12 students that received services2   Percent of all schools that participated   Among schools that participated, percent of students approved for free or reduced–price lunches3   Percent of K–12 students approved for free or reduced–price lunch in all schools3, 4  
United States 60.7   37.0   95.6   57.1   55.2  
                     
Alabama 71.2   57.3   94.3   62.3   60.9  
Alaska 66.6   32.8   80.6   59.9   41.9  
Arizona 68.7   43.6   87.9   60.7   55.0  
Arkansas 76.5   50.3   98.9   62.9   61.0  
California 62.9   46.0   95.1   61.7   59.9  
                     
Colorado 34.2   16.0   96.3   47.2   44.7  
Connecticut 44.5   27.7   93.7   49.1   48.1  
Delaware 68.0   48.8   98.8   64.7   63.5  
District of Columbia 72.2   54.4   96.8   74.9   74.1  
Florida 53.5   40.1   93.0   64.2   61.7  
                     
Georgia 66.6   46.8   100.0   65.1   65.1  
Hawaii 58.9   40.8   94.8   61.0   58.9  
Idaho 58.4   35.2   92.4   48.6   45.0  
Illinois 58.0   36.0   94.7   59.0   56.3  
Indiana 54.2   27.9   98.9   54.9   53.6  
                     
Iowa 54.8   10.3   98.3   43.2   42.0  
Kansas 53.4   29.3   99.5   48.0   47.7  
Kentucky 71.1   52.1   96.1   64.3   61.0  
Louisiana 63.8   46.7   98.6   77.0   75.9  
Maine 65.0   15.7   96.6   44.0   42.0  
                     
Maryland ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡  
Massachusetts 52.9   23.0   99.3   49.4   48.9  
Michigan 61.5   27.9   95.7   48.7   47.9  
Minnesota 47.7   14.5   93.3   37.4   36.0  
Mississippi 69.2   50.0   98.2   73.4   72.8  
                     
Missouri 58.4   28.4   99.2   47.9   47.6  
Montana 85.1   35.8   86.3   50.5   48.7  
Nebraska 60.6   29.8   95.1   45.6   44.8  
Nevada 73.8   52.5   89.8   66.8   64.1  
New Hampshire 46.9   21.3   91.9   35.6   33.4  
                     
New Jersey 61.4   27.9   93.8   41.5   39.0  
New Mexico 75.1   48.7   94.4   75.6   72.9  
New York 66.4   38.0   98.0   60.8   59.9  
North Carolina 56.9   36.4   90.6   63.1   57.0  
North Dakota 60.3   21.8   93.5   37.7   37.1  
                     
Ohio 64.3   26.1   98.0   50.7   49.3  
Oklahoma 79.7   45.2   95.0   69.0   66.1  
Oregon 47.5   29.5   95.8   52.8   52.1  
Pennsylvania 63.7   35.8   97.6   49.1   47.7  
Rhode Island 56.1   27.0   100.0   48.0   48.0  
                     
South Carolina 53.4   29.0   91.0   59.8   53.6  
South Dakota 79.6   31.4   91.7   43.7   43.4  
Tennessee 62.5   45.0   96.0   58.4   56.3  
Texas 71.9   51.7   97.0   63.4   62.3  
Utah 33.3   16.9   95.1   39.1   38.0  
                     
Vermont 60.7   18.9   97.6   40.4   39.6  
Virginia 43.6   23.5   92.4   50.6   48.2  
Washington 60.5   25.5   97.9   48.2   47.8  
West Virginia 41.0   21.4   93.2   71.1   68.6  
Wisconsin 61.9   28.2   95.4   46.7   44.9  
Wyoming 53.3   29.9   96.2   42.1   41.3  
‡ Reporting standards not met. The response rate is below 50 percent.
1 Respondents were provided the following explanation on the questionnaire for Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act: "Title I is a federally funded program that provides educational services, such as remedial reading or remedial math, to children who live in areas with high concentrations of low-income families." These services were received at the school or at any other location.
2 Percentages are based on all students, including those in schools that did not receive Title I services.
3 The 2017–18 NTPS collects information on the percentage of students in each school who are approved for free or reduced–price lunches. To calculate the percentage of students approved for free or reduced–price lunches in this table, a count of students approved for free or reduced–price lunches was estimated by multiplying the proportion of approved students (S0427/100) by the K–12 enrollment of the school (ENRK12UG). The weighted sum of students approved for free and reduced–price lunches was then divided by the weighted sum of K–12 enrollment to obtain an overall percentage of students approved for free and reduced–price lunches.
4 Schools that did not participate in the federal free or reduced–price lunch program were considered to have zero students approved for the federal free or reduced–price lunch program.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS), "Preliminary Public School Restricted-Use Data File," 2017–18.

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