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Percentage distribution of school teachers, by race/ethnicity, school type, and selected teacher characteristics: 2017–18

School type and selected teacher characteristic Hispanic, regardless of race1   White, non-Hispanic   Black or African American, non-Hispanic   Asian, non-Hispanic   Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic   American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic   Two or more races, non-Hispanic  
  All public and private schools 100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0  
                             
     Sex                            
       Male 24.5   23.7   23.7   21.1   32.8   23.0   27.7  
       Female 75.5   76.3   76.3   78.9   67.2   77.0   72.3  
                             
     Age                            
       Less than 30 years 16.7   15.1   12.2   17.2   7.4 ! 8.8   20.5  
       30-49 years 60.6   55.1   56.1   57.8   60.5   46.9   56.6  
       50-54 years 10.5   11.7   11.2   11.6   8.1   15.4   11.1  
       55 years or more 12.2   18.1   20.5   13.3   24.0   28.9   11.7  
                             
     Years of teaching experience                            
       Less than 4 years 19.1   13.1   18.0   19.4   14.9   14.2   19.7  
       4-9 years 27.3   23.2   23.7   25.3   18.3   17.8   29.1  
       10-14 years 20.8   19.3   19.4   19.6   21.2   16.3   19.8  
       15 or more years 32.8   44.5   38.8   35.7   45.7   51.6   31.4  
                             
     Highest degree earned                            
       Less than a bachelor's degree 4.7   3.5   3.5   3.0   ‡   9.0 ! 4.2  
       Bachelor's degree 50.5   39.1   33.9   30.3   42.6   49.4   41.0  
       Masters degree 37.4   49.1   49.6   53.4   39.1   35.2   46.1  
       Higher than a master's degree 7.4   8.3   13.0   13.3   15.2   6.4   8.7  
                             
     Alternative path to certification                            
       Yes 29.6   15.5   34.8   19.4   25.7   20.9   20.9  
       No 70.4   84.5   65.2   80.6   74.3   79.1   79.1  
                             
     Instructional level                            
       Elementary 54.9   50.0   49.5   49.6   49.7   55.1   43.3  
       Secondary 45.1   50.0   50.5   50.4   50.3   44.9   56.7  
                             
     Main teaching assignment                            
       Early childhood or general elementary 35.6   32.1   33.2   34.8   39.5   38.5   27.2  
       Special education 8.8   11.5   13.8   9.8   13.4 ! 7.8   8.8  
       Arts or music 4.5   7.3   4.4   6.0   5.9 ! 8.6 ! 7.7  
       English and language arts 8.7   11.8   13.3   7.1   3.4 ! 5.6   14.6  
       ESL or bilingual education 6.1   1.4   0.9 ! 3.1   ‡   ‡   2.5 !
       Foreign languages 11.3   2.4   1.2   7.9   ‡   2.5 ! 2.1  
       Health education 3.4   4.8   4.6   1.9   2.2 ! ‡   5.1  
       Mathematics 6.6   8.7   9.0   13.6   9.3   9.1   8.7  
       Natural sciences 5.7   7.0   6.4   9.2   6.2 ! 7.3   9.4  
       Social sciences 4.9   6.6   5.5   2.9   6.5 ! 9.2   7.5  
       Career or technical education 2.5   3.8   5.3   1.8   ‡   3.8 ! 3.5  
       All Other 2.0   2.7   2.4   1.7   2.0 ! 2.5 ! 3.1    
                             
    General employment information                            
       Percent of teachers with an outside job
       during the school year		 14.3   19.4   18.6   14.8   16.6   17.8   25.0  
       Percent of teachers with summer job 30.1   31.4   33.2   29.7   34.4   36.1   35.6  
                             
     Salary                            
       Average base teaching salary $56,200   $55,400   $54,900   $61,400   $60,300   $48,000   $55,500  
       Average total income from all sources $58,700   $58,200   $57,400   $63,500   $63,100   $50,800   $58,800  
                             
All public schools 100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0  
                             
Sex                            
Male 24.6   23.4   22.9   21.6   29.9   21.0   27.4  
Female 75.4   76.6   77.1   78.4   70.1   79.0   72.6  
                             
Age                            
Less than 30 years 16.6   14.9   12.0   17.7   6.6 ! 7.5   19.7  
30-49 years 61.7   56.4   56.5   57.3   60.7   47.6   57.6  
50-54 years 10.4   11.8   11.0   11.5   8.4   15.6   11.1  
55 years or more 11.4   16.8   20.5   13.5   24.3   29.3   11.6  
                             
Years of teaching experience                            
Less than 4 years 18.5   12.5   17.6   18.2   11.2   12.8   19.3  
4-9 years 27.2   23.1   23.5   24.9   19.5   17.1   28.7  
10-14 years 21.2   19.6   19.8   19.8   21.0   16.8   20.2  
15 or more years 33.0   44.8   39.1   37.0   48.3   53.3   31.8  
                             
Highest degree earned                            
Less than a bachelor's degree 3.6   2.6   3.0   1.7   ‡   5.3 ! 3.2  
Bachelor's degree 51.1   38.6   32.9   29.0   44.2   51.6   40.8  
Masters degree 37.9   50.4   50.7   55.1   38.6   36.2   47.0  
Higher than a master's degree 7.4   8.4   13.4   14.2   16.1   6.9   9.0  
                             
Type of teaching certificate                            
Regular or standard state certificate/
advanced professional certificate		 84.4   91.7   84.5   88.3   83.6   88.5   89.1  
Probationary certificate 4.7   2.8   3.3   3.5   ‡   ‡   4.8  
Temporary or provisional certificate 5.9   3.4   6.3   4.5   ‡   6.2 ! 2.9  
Waiver or emergency certificate 1.6   0.8   2.2   1.3 ! 4.2 ! ‡   1.0 !
No certification 3.4   1.3   3.7   2.4   6.5 ! 1.5 ! 2.2  
                             
Alternative path to certification                            
Yes 30.8   15.6   35.8   19.2   26.7   19.0   21.7  
No 69.2   84.4   64.2   80.8   73.3   81.0   78.3  
                             
Instructional level                            
Elementary 54.9   49.9   49.3   49.0   50.8   55.3   42.2  
Secondary 45.1   50.1   50.7   51.0   49.2   44.7   57.8  
                             
Main teaching assignment                            
Early childhood or general elementary 36.3   32.0   33.3   34.6   41.6   39.4   26.5  
Special education 9.3   12.5   14.2   11.1   14.5 ! 6.8   9.2  
Arts or music 4.1   6.9   4.1   5.3   5.5 ! 8.4 ! 7.4  
English and language arts 8.9   11.9   13.4   7.4   3.6 ! 5.6   15.1  
ESL or bilingual education 6.7   1.5   1.0 ! 3.7   ‡   ‡   2.8 !
Foreign languages 9.6   1.9   1.0   6.5   ‡   1.2 ! 1.9  
Health education 3.2   4.8   4.4   1.8   2.3 ! ‡   4.7  
Mathematics 6.8   8.5   9.0   14.1   6.7 ! 9.9   9.3  
Natural sciences 5.8   6.9   6.3   9.4   ‡   7.9   9.1  
Social sciences 5.1   6.6   5.4   2.8   5.3 ! 9.5   7.5  
Career or technical education 2.6   4.2   5.7   2.0   ‡   4.1 ! 3.8  
All Other 1.5   2.2   2.2   1.3 ! ‡   ‡   2.9  
                             
General employment information                            
Percent of teachers with an outside job
during the school year		 13.9   18.7   17.7   13.0   16.2   16.2   24.7  
Percent of teachers with summer job 30.0   31.2   32.9   28.8   33.5   36.9   35.0  
                             
Salary                            
Average base teaching salary $57,900   $57,500   $56,100   $64,900   $62,400   $49,100   $56,200  
Average total income from all sources $60,400   $60,200   $58,400   $66,900   $65,000   $51,700   $59,300  
                             
All private schools 100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0  
                             
Sex                            
Male 23.7   25.9   36.4   18.4   68.8   45.6 ! 30.8  
Female 76.3   74.1   63.6   81.6   31.2 ! 54.4 ! 69.2  
                             
Age                            
Less than 30 years 17.5   16.0   14.6   14.6   ‡   23.4 ! 28.3  
30-49 years 50.8   46.2   51.1   60.7   58.6   39.0 ! 47.7  
50-54 years 11.6   11.1   13.5   12.1   ‡   ‡   11.2 !
55 years or more 20.1   26.7   20.9   12.6   ‡   24.7 ! 12.7  
                             
Years of teaching experience                            
Less than 4 years 24.0   16.7   24.5   25.6   61.0   30.2 ! 23.5  
4-9 years 28.1   23.4   27.3   27.6   ‡   26.6 ! 33.1  
10-14 years 16.8   17.6   14.2   18.6   ‡   ‡   16.0 !
15 or more years 31.2   42.3   34.0   28.2   ‡   32.5 ! 27.4  
                             
Highest degree earned                            
Less than a bachelor's degree 15.1   9.3   10.1   10.0   ‡   51.6 ! 12.5 !
Bachelor's degree 45.2   42.2   48.1   37.2   ‡   ‡   43.4  
Masters degree 33.0   40.7   34.4   44.1   46.0 ! 22.9 ! 37.9  
Higher than a master's degree 6.7   7.8   7.4   8.7   ‡   ‡   6.2 !
                             
Alternative path to certification                            
Yes 18.9   15.0   20.7   20.8   ‡   43.6   14.1  
No 81.1   85.0   79.3   79.2   86.0   56.4   85.9  
                             
Instructional level                            
Elementary 55.1   51.0   52.2   53.1   35.2 ! 52.7   53.6  
Secondary 44.9   49.0   47.8   46.9   64.8   47.3   46.4  
                             
Main teaching assignment                            
Early childhood or general elementary 29.0   32.2   31.4   35.8   ‡   28.6 ! 34.1  
Special education 4.1   5.1   8.0   2.9 ! #   ‡   4.6 !
Arts or music 7.8   9.5   8.2   10.0 ! ‡   ‡   10.8 !
English and language arts 6.2   11.4   12.2   5.6 ! #   ‡   10.0 !
ESL or bilingual education ‡   0.3   #   ‡   #   #   #  
Foreign languages 26.7   5.2   3.3 ! 16.0   #   ‡   4.0 !
Health education 4.8   4.4   6.7   ‡   #   ‡   ‡  
Mathematics 5.4   10.0   9.7   11.1   42.3 ! #   3.7 !
Natural sciences 4.7   7.8   7.2   7.7   ‡   #   12.2  
Social sciences 2.9   6.9   6.5 ! ‡   ‡   ‡   7.5 !
Career or technical education 1.3 ! 1.1   ‡   ‡   #   #   #  
All Other 6.3   6.0   6.1 ! 4.0 ! ‡   ‡   4.8 !
                             
General employment information                            
Percent of teachers with an outside job
during the school year		 17.9   24.2   31.1   24.9   ‡   36.6   28.0  
Percent of teachers with summer job 31.1   33.1   38.4   34.4   46.3 ! 27.9 ! 41.4  
                             
Salary                            
Average base teaching salary $40,000   $42,100   $37,500   $41,700   $34,000   $35,800   $49,100  
Average total income from all sources $43,200   $45,400   $42,500   $44,700   $39,300   $40,000   $53,800  
# Rounds to zero.
! Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 percent and 50 percent (i.e., the standard error is at least 30 percent and less than 50 percent of the estimate).
‡ Reporting standards not met. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is 50 percent or greater (i.e., the standard error is 50 percent or more of the estimate).
1 Hispanic includes Latino.
NOTE: Teachers include both full-time and part-time teachers. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some data are not shown.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS), "Public School Teacher and Private School Teacher Data Files," 2017–18.

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