Percentage of regular full-time public K–12 school teachers who are considered early career teachers in 2020–21 and were assigned a master or mentor teacher in their first year of teaching, and among those teachers, the percentage distribution of the frequency of working with the assigned master or mentor teacher, percentage distribution of the extent to which the assigned master or mentor teacher improved the first year of teaching, and percentage who received various types of support, by selected school and teacher characteristics in 2020–21 and teacher status in 2021–22: School years 2020–22

	Percent of teachers who were assigned a master or mentor teacher in first year of teaching		Among teachers who were assigned a master or mentor teacher in first year of teaching
			Frequency of working with assigned master or mentor teacher during first year of teaching								Extent to which master or mentor teacher improved first year of teaching								Had assigned master or mentor teacher who
Selected school and early career teacher characteristics in 2020–21 and teacher status in 2021–22¹			At least once a week		Once or twice a month		A few times a year		Never		To a great extent		To a moderate extent		To a small extent		Not at all		Instructed students in same subject area		Helped with paperwork or record keeping		Demonstrated lessons		Helped prepare lessons that address learning standards		Helped develop student assessment tools
All early career public school teachers	14.7		50.7		29.6		16.2		3.5		34.9		30.6		24.9		9.6		74.2		58.3		51.9		62.1		62.9

All public school teacher leavers²	11.6		42.7		24.3		31.6	!	‡		20.2		36.5		34.1		9.2	!	65.9		55.6		40.6		50.2		51.8
School classification
Traditional public school	11.4		43.5		24.0	!	31.4	!	‡		19.4		36.8		34.2	!	‡		65.1		57.9		40.0		49.5		51.4
Charter school	14.3		35.4		27.9	!	34.4	!	‡		27.9	!	33.2		33.1	!	‡		74.3		33.1	!	46.1		57.2		56.1

Community type
City	13.5	!	31.6	!	12.4	!	53.4	!	‡		22.4	!	‡		57.3	!	‡		49.3	!	34.1	!	27.8	!	46.0	!	36.8	!
Suburban	10.5		42.8		‡		31.1	!	‡		23.2	!	52.4	!	22.7	!	‡		78.2		74.6		47.3		37.1	!	62.9	!
Town	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Rural	10.0		37.8	!	53.7		‡		‡		‡		32.2	!	27.3	!	‡		57.1		43.1	!	28.8	!	57.2		37.1	!

School level, based on CCD definition³
Elementary	13.0		51.9		21.8	!	24.8	!	‡		21.1		42.5	!	21.9	!	‡		81.3		58.9		53.9		68.5		62.5
Middle	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Secondary/high	7.2		30.5		35.7		29.9		‡		16.2	!	32.2		42.4		9.3	!	59.1		61.2		30.6		47.4		47.0
Combined/other	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

School level, based on low and high grades⁴
Primary	12.5		52.7		21.5	!	24.5	!	‡		22.3		41.9	!	21.6	!	‡		81.6		59.6		54.6		68.9		63.1
Middle	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
High	6.9		33.3		39.0		24.9	!	‡		18.3	!	32.1		40.7		‡		61.7		67.7		29.4		47.1		45.1
Combined	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Student enrollment
Less than 100 students	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
100–199	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
200–499	12.5		61.7		‡		‡		‡		18.0	!	45.8	!	22.8	!	‡		74.5		60.5		63.2		72.6		57.9
500–749	12.6		35.8	!	38.6	!	‡		‡		19.6	!	43.4	!	25.7	!	‡		72.2		65.3		30.2	!	46.8	!	72.6
750–999	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
1,000 or more students	14.1	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		63.4	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Percent of K–12 students who were approved for free or reduced–price lunches⁵
0–34	13.8	!	‡		‡		58.2	!	‡		‡		‡		49.5	!	‡		‡		47.7	!	‡		‡		‡
35–49	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
50–74	15.3		62.6		‡		‡		‡		‡		43.0	!	‡		‡		75.3		62.9		49.8	!	78.8		63.1
75 or more	7.8		43.7		26.2		27.6	!	‡		39.0		20.8		34.3		‡		82.5		50.9		49.1		62.6		56.9

Teacher age
Less than 30 years	63.3		44.9		21.5	!	32.6	!	‡		17.9	!	37.4	!	34.3	!	‡		61.8		51.3		45.3		50.6		47.8
30–49	6.8		38.2		29.4		29.9	!	‡		25.8	!	33.7	!	32.9		7.6	!	73.0		67.1		27.1	!	48.5		66.6
50–54	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
55 or more years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher sex⁶
Female	12.2		44.5		23.8	!	30.2	!	‡		19.6		40.4		29.9	!	‡		65.7		56.0		41.0		52.0		54.0
Male	9.2		33.6	!	27.3		39.1		‡		23.0	!	16.5	!	55.4		‡		67.1		53.5		38.1		41.0		40.6

Teacher race/ethnicity
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Asian, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Hispanic, regardless of race	13.2		62.6		‡		‡		‡		54.1		‡		‡		‡		71.5		61.9		62.1		78.1		66.7
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
White, non-Hispanic	11.0		38.2		30.5		30.5	!	‡		17.1	!	39.0	!	33.8	!	‡		60.6		54.5		31.6	!	46.0		50.4
Two or more races, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher highest degree earned
Bachelor's degree or less	16.5		58.1		29.2	!	10.9	!	‡		29.1	!	46.0		16.9	!	8.0	!	69.6		68.2		46.1	!	59.8		67.2
Master's degree	11.4		30.2	!	21.5	!	47.6	!	‡		13.4	!	30.2	!	46.8	!	‡		63.1		44.9	!	35.8	!	43.0	!	40.3	!
Higher than a master's degree⁷	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Total years of teaching experience
3 years or less	58.3		26.4	!	22.4	!	49.9		‡		16.7		25.4	!	46.0	!	‡		58.2		36.8		32.8	!	40.0		37.6
1 year	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
2 years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
3 years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
4 years	77.6		70.3		18.8	!	9.3	!	‡		31.1	!	43.6	!	17.2	!	‡		78.1		69.3		55.4		69.1		59.0
5 years	3.1	!	51.3	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		54.6	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

All public school teacher movers⁸	21.6		48.5		28.1		19.9		3.5		25.6		38.0		28.3		8.1		63.5		57.6		40.5		56.7		57.8
School classification
Traditional public school	22.0		49.2		28.1		19.6		3.1		25.6		39.0		28.2		7.3		62.8		59.2		40.4		57.7		58.5
Charter school	17.7		38.7		27.5		24.9	!	‡		26.6		24.7		30.4		18.3	!	73.3		36.4		42.8		43.5		48.2

Community type
City	19.0		42.7	!	17.7	!	34.0	!	5.6	!	29.7	!	32.5	!	26.4	!	11.4	!	46.9		44.3		35.9	!	46.5		46.6
Suburban	20.8		57.6		27.9		11.7	!	‡		24.5		49.2		19.9		6.3	!	77.6		66.4		35.3		72.3		74.8
Town	22.4		63.7		17.1	!	14.3	!	‡		28.1		40.0		18.6	!	13.4	!	81.0		59.6		65.2		65.0		65.3
Rural	26.6		36.7		44.1		17.7	!	‡		21.7		28.2		45.6		‡		56.0		59.7		42.6		43.7		44.2

School level, based on CCD definition³
Elementary	21.7		52.7		28.5		14.9		3.9	!	29.7		34.1		28.1		8.1		69.6		63.1		50.9		63.0		64.1
Middle	16.9		55.6		27.7		16.7	!	‡		24.6		40.9		27.1		7.5	!	68.4		52.8		35.9		58.3		58.7
Secondary/high	21.9		30.1	!	‡		‡		‡		20.9	!	38.3	!	‡		8.5	!	41.7	!	46.9	!	26.4	!	36.2	!	38.7	!
Combined/other	35.8		64.6	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		81.7		64.8	!	‡		75.5		74.4

School level, based on low and high grades⁴
Primary	21.4		52.7		28.2		15.3		3.8	!	29.6		34.4		28.1		7.9		69.8		63.3		51.4		62.8		64.2
Middle	16.2		57.3		26.4		16.3	!	‡		23.5		42.0		26.4		8.1	!	69.5		53.5		34.2		60.0		58.9
High	23.8		28.6	!	‡		35.0	!	‡		21.6	!	36.5	!	33.5	!	8.3	!	42.3	!	44.2	!	26.2	!	35.8	!	37.7	!
Combined	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Student enrollment
Less than 100 students	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
100–199	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
200–499	23.4		46.5		29.4		21.8		‡		24.6		38.8		26.0		10.6		66.4		61.0		45.1		59.5		60.1
500–749	19.7		57.8		25.4		11.0	!	‡		30.2	!	30.6	!	29.3		10.0	!	63.6		62.4		53.3		67.6		59.1
750–999	15.2		58.3		19.8	!	21.9	!	‡		37.7		29.6		31.9	!	‡		90.6		45.4		45.3		77.1		81.1
1,000 or more students	26.3		39.9	!	‡		‡		‡		19.5	!	44.9	!	‡		‡		52.6	!	52.3	!	23.1	!	41.4	!	46.1	!

Percent of K–12 students who were approved for free or reduced–price lunches⁵
0–34	22.7		59.6		23.1		16.8	!	‡		30.2		38.3	!	29.3		‡		80.5		62.9		44.0		70.3		66.6
35–49	32.5		22.1	!	46.0	!	‡		‡		13.5	!	49.2	!	‡		‡		29.1	!	56.0	!	16.0	!	39.2	!	39.8	!
50–74	18.8		65.8		20.0		8.8	!	‡		28.3		42.8		17.5		11.4	!	81.1		60.7		55.4		62.8		71.2
75 or more	18.0		47.5		24.3		21.2		7.0	!	28.8	!	26.8		31.9		12.5		63.0		52.2		46.3		53.7		55.1

Teacher age
Less than 30 years	67.0		46.8		29.2		20.8		3.1	!	23.9		41.6		28.0		6.6		59.7		59.4		39.8		58.1		60.4
30–49	8.4		49.7		24.8		20.1		5.5	!	30.3		24.2		31.3		14.1		73.5		49.0		40.7		53.0		49.4
50–54	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
55 or more years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher sex⁶
Female	21.9		44.1		31.9		20.8		3.2	!	23.7		38.1		29.5		8.7		61.7		55.7		39.5		54.2		54.0
Male	20.5		65.5		13.3	!	16.5	!	‡		33.3		37.4	!	23.7	!	5.6	!	70.6		65.0		44.7		66.6		72.7

Teacher race/ethnicity
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Asian, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	10.4	!	58.4		‡		‡		‡		‡		36.0	!	‡		‡		84.0		41.4	!	‡		68.2		65.9
Hispanic, regardless of race	26.3	!	57.8	!	26.0	!	‡		‡		46.3	!	22.8	!	22.8	!	‡		50.0	!	56.3	!	66.3		70.5		73.1
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
White, non-Hispanic	22.1		46.1		29.2		20.9		3.8		21.0		41.5		29.3		8.1		63.8		58.9		35.7		53.8		54.6
Two or more races, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher highest degree earned
Bachelor's degree or less	34.3		47.9		28.1		21.1	!	3.0	!	22.6		42.0		28.2		7.2		59.8		61.5		39.6		56.8		57.1
Master's degree	12.4		49.7		28.8		16.8		4.7	!	33.0		28.2		29.0		9.8	!	73.3		47.1		42.0		55.9		58.4
Higher than a master's degree⁷	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Total years of teaching experience
3 years or less	77.9		49.8		24.6		22.2	!	3.5		27.4		36.3		29.1		7.3		60.3		59.6		38.1		53.7		55.2
1 year	83.5		64.3		22.3	!	‡		‡		29.4	!	41.9	!	21.3	!	‡		83.9		66.4		37.9	!	66.1		71.7
2 years	84.0		33.2		‡		37.5	!	‡		15.4	!	42.2	!	37.4	!	‡		48.7		50.4		29.6	!	40.3	!	35.8	!
3 years	68.6		58.2		21.9		12.9	!	7.0	!	40.1		24.9		25.1		9.9	!	55.9		65.2		48.2		59.9		65.4
4 years	78.2		44.9		39.1		16.0	!	‡		20.5		52.2		20.4		7.0	!	72.0		57.5		44.2		67.2		69.5
5 years	2.9		47.0		30.1		‡		10.7	!	23.6	!	21.3		39.2		16.0	!	68.9		43.8		50.1		56.8		52.6

All public school teacher stayers⁹	15.4		52.2		33.4		12.2		2.3	!	37.1		31.7		23.1		8.1		77.2		64.8		58.8		64.5		66.0
School classification
Traditional public school	14.9		53.9		31.5		12.1		2.6	!	39.1		28.6		24.3		8.0		77.7		67.3		59.5		64.7		66.8
Charter school	22.8		35.8	!	51.3		12.9	!	‡		18.3	!	60.8		11.9	!	‡		73.0		41.3	!	52.8		62.7		57.8

Community type
City	17.0		53.1		31.1		12.2	!	‡		33.0		38.1		18.2		10.6	!	75.9		58.4		62.1		64.2		64.4
Suburban	14.4		56.2		33.6		9.2		‡		41.9		30.2		21.3		6.6	!	75.4		67.1		68.5		69.6		67.9
Town	16.8		49.6		29.8		18.2	!	‡		30.5		29.1	!	35.2		‡		89.2		75.7		56.8		56.5		58.7
Rural	14.7		45.4		38.3		13.8		‡		38.6		26.8		25.8		8.8	!	75.1		63.4		38.5		60.8		69.1

School level, based on CCD definition³
Elementary	16.5		54.6		30.4		14.4		‡		36.8		32.3		24.5		6.4	!	86.4		68.4		57.9		67.3		66.7
Middle	15.5		48.6		34.6		9.8	!	‡		37.0		26.8		30.0		‡		68.5		70.6		62.5		58.2		66.8
Secondary/high	12.5		48.8		36.7		12.5	!	‡		31.0		38.7		20.5		9.8	!	65.8		53.4		56.7		63.8		63.0
Combined/other	20.1		54.8		37.8		‡		‡		54.5		‡		‡		16.0	!	75.4		63.6		61.7		64.6		67.7

School level, based on low and high grades⁴
Primary	16.4		55.2		30.1		14.1		‡		37.8		31.5		24.4		6.2	!	86.7		67.7		57.7		67.6		66.9
Middle	15.9		53.1		31.8		8.0	!	‡		37.4		29.4		26.9		‡		68.4		72.2		65.3		61.1		69.8
High	12.9		45.8		39.7		12.4	!	‡		27.1		39.7		20.0		13.1	!	62.3		50.5		56.5		60.8		60.5
Combined	17.1		49.1		38.6		‡		‡		58.5		‡		15.8	!	‡		80.3		70.2		57.6		63.9		66.9

Student enrollment
Less than 100 students	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
100–199	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
200–499	16.3		52.1		32.1		14.1		‡		36.3		33.6		23.5		6.7	!	85.4		70.0		56.4		69.7		72.5
500–749	14.6		53.7		34.4		10.8	!	‡		34.9		32.5		26.9		‡		82.2		63.1		54.2		57.4		55.4
750–999	18.1		47.9		44.4		‡		‡		47.1		26.7	!	17.0	!	9.2	!	59.8		68.6		66.2		69.6		68.0
1,000 or more students	12.0		52.5		29.9		14.1	!	‡		38.6		31.8		18.0		11.6	!	71.5		55.5		62.6		58.4		64.6

Percent of K–12 students who were approved for free or reduced–price lunches⁵
0–34	10.6		60.7		27.8		11.5	!	‡		48.4		24.1		23.2	!	‡		79.3		64.5		64.5		65.2		63.2
35–49	15.2		39.4		39.0		19.8		‡		34.8		35.2		19.6		10.4	!	76.0		65.6		58.6		59.4		59.2
50–74	15.4		49.3		36.0		8.8	!	‡		27.9		27.8		35.9		8.4	!	73.6		57.8		57.1		66.0		65.4
75 or more	20.2		53.9		32.8		11.4		‡		36.9		36.0		18.1		9.0		78.4		68.2		56.9		65.3		70.0

Teacher age
Less than 30 years	65.4		51.4		37.0		9.1		2.5	!	37.3		33.6		22.3		6.8		81.5		64.1		56.0		64.7		65.7
30–49	10.4		54.4		28.7		16.1		‡		39.3		27.4		25.3		8.0	!	76.0		64.4		63.7		64.9		67.5
50–54	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
55 or more years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher sex⁶
Female	15.2		52.8		30.4		13.8		3.0	!	38.5		30.3		22.8		8.4		79.0		67.8		55.9		62.2		65.4
Male	16.0		50.2		42.6		7.1	!	‡		32.9		35.9		24.2		7.0	!	71.7		55.4		68.0		71.7		67.8

Teacher race/ethnicity
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Asian, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	16.9		60.1		28.1		11.8	!	‡		38.7		33.8		23.7	!	‡		74.3		84.4		66.6		63.4		71.4
Hispanic, regardless of race	19.6		58.8		26.7	!	‡		‡		38.3		34.5	!	25.6	!	‡		77.9		66.9		67.8		69.5		78.4
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
White, non-Hispanic	14.5		49.6		35.0		12.4		3.0	!	36.8		31.7		21.5		10.0		76.9		62.7		57.1		63.7		64.0
Two or more races, non-Hispanic	16.1	!	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		76.0	!	‡		84.7		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher highest degree earned
Bachelor's degree or less	24.6		51.1		35.8		10.0		3.2	!	34.3		36.7		22.0		7.0		74.1		62.7		56.3		60.5		66.0
Master's degree	10.5		52.4		29.5		17.2		‡		42.1		22.1		25.2		10.6	!	81.5		68.0		59.7		70.0		64.9
Higher than a master's degree⁷	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Total years of teaching experience
3 years or less	80.7		55.3		31.9		10.5		2.4	!	43.3		29.7		20.2		6.7		77.5		64.0		56.7		65.7		67.6
1 year	72.2		64.0		22.7	!	9.5	!	‡		38.5		30.7		23.7	!	‡		64.4		68.3		50.6		59.8		58.9
2 years	80.8		52.6		40.1		6.0	!	‡		49.7		34.2		9.4	!	6.7	!	82.9		71.3		63.4		61.4		78.6
3 years	84.9		53.6		29.5		14.4		‡		40.4		25.8		27.2		6.6	!	79.1		56.4		54.1		71.6		62.8
4 years	80.0		52.3		28.4		15.7		‡		25.2		38.2		28.0		8.6	!	77.0		69.7		62.4		67.9		68.6
5 years	3.0		40.7		46.3		12.8	!	‡		33.4		28.6		26.0		12.0	!	76.3		60.3		61.0		55.4		56.0

! Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 percent and 50 percent (i.e., the standard error is at least 30 percent and less than 50 percent of the estimate).

‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate, or the coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is 50 percent or greater (i.e., the standard error is 50 percent or more of the estimate).

¹Early career teachers are defined as those starting teaching no earlier than the 2016–17 school year.

²“Leavers” are 2020–21 teachers who were no longer teachers in the 2021–22 TFS school year.

³School level based on the definitions set by Common Core of Data (CCD). Elementary schools offer at least one grade of K through 4, and the number of elementary grades is at least as high as the number of middle grades. Middle schools offer at least one of grades 5 through 8, and the number of middle grades is greater than the number of elementary or secondary grades. Secondary/high schools are defined as schools that offer at least as many of grades 9 through 12 as in lower grades. Combined/other schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools. School level categories in the 2020–21 NTPS differ from those in previous survey administrations; caution should be exercised when comparing estimates by level over time.

⁴School level based on low and high grades offered by the school. Primary schools offer at least one grade lower than 5 and no grade higher than 8. Middle schools offer no grade lower than 5 and no grade higher than 8. High schools offer no grade lower than 7 and at least one grade higher than 8. Combined schools offer at least one grade lower than 7 and at least one grade higher than 8. Schools with only ungraded classes were included with combined schools. These categories are provided because they are comparable to those used in previous NTPS publications.

⁵Schools that don’t participate in the free or reduced-price lunch program are included with the "0–34" percent category.

⁶Teachers were asked whether they were male or female. Although this variable is labeled “sex,” the questionnaire did not use the terms either “gender” or “sex.”

⁷Higher than a master’s degree is defined as a teacher who completed any of the following: an educational specialist or professional diploma, a certificate of advanced graduate studies, or a doctorate or first professional degree.

⁸“Movers” are teachers who were still teachers in the 2021–22 TFS school year but had moved to a different school from their 2020–21 NTPS school.

⁹“Stayers” are teachers who were teachers in the same school in the 2021–22 TFS school year as in the 2020–21 NTPS school year.

NOTE: Data are weighted estimates of the population. Hispanic includes Latino.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2020–21 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) and 2021–22 Teacher Follow-up Survey (TFS), "Current and Former Teacher Data Files," 2021–22.