Percentage of regular full-time public K–12 school teachers who are considered early career teachers in 2020–21 and participated in or received various types of support in their first year of teaching, by selected school and teacher characteristics in 2020–21 and teacher status in 2021–22: School years 2020–22

Selected school and early career teacher characteristics in 2020–21 and teacher status in 2021–22¹	Participated in a formal program for beginning teachers		Received a reduced teaching schedule or number of preparations		Received common planning time with teachers in their subject		Received seminars or classes for beginning teachers		Received extra classroom assistance		Received regular supportive communication with principal, other administrators, or department chair		Received observation and feedback on teaching beyond formal feedback		Received release time to participate in support activities for beginning teachers
All early career public school teachers	13.2		1.9		11.9		11.6		5.1		13.3		13.2		6.5

All public school teacher leavers²	8.4		1.3		9.9		8.2		3.5		12.0		11.0		5.0
School classification
Traditional public school	8.0		1.1		9.3		7.8		3.2	!	11.5		10.2		5.0
Charter school	13.6	!	3.9	!	16.6		13.6		7.0		19.2		22.1		4.3	!

Community type
City	8.0		1.5	!	8.5		6.7		2.7		12.7	!	9.2		4.2
Suburban	8.3		0.5	!	11.4		10.9	!	‡		10.8		12.1		3.4	!
Town	‡		3.4	!	‡		‡		‡		19.1	!	17.3	!	‡
Rural	7.0	!	1.5	!	7.4	!	3.7		2.9	!	9.7		8.8	!	5.9	!

School level, based on CCD definition³
Elementary	9.4		1.0	!	11.0		7.6	!	3.1	!	10.0		11.2		6.2	!
Middle	10.6	!	0.9	!	10.6	!	9.8	!	‡		10.5	!	11.2	!	5.0	!
Secondary/high	6.9		2.1		8.7	!	10.1	!	3.7	!	13.1		12.6	!	4.0
Combined/other	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

School level, based on low and high grades⁴
Primary	9.0		0.9	!	10.6		7.2	!	3.1	!	9.6		10.8		5.8	!
Middle	10.7	!	0.9	!	10.8	!	9.9	!	‡		10.7	!	11.4	!	5.1	!
High	6.6		1.8	!	8.6	!	10.1	!	1.9		11.3	!	10.7	!	4.1
Combined	5.5	!	2.9	!	7.4	!	5.7	!	‡		27.9	!	12.3	!	‡

Student enrollment
Less than 100 students	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
100–199	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
200–499	9.9		1.3	!	11.3		7.9	!	2.9	!	10.2		12.7		6.7	!
500–749	10.5		1.5	!	11.1		9.7		3.3		12.2		10.1		3.7
750–999	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
1,000 or more students	7.0	!	1.0	!	6.3	!	6.8	!	‡		13.2	!	7.9	!	5.5	!

Percent of K–12 students who were approved for free or reduced–price lunches⁵
0–34	7.5	!	1.2	!	8.2		9.2	!	‡		13.6	!	8.7		3.9	!
35–49	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
50–74	14.2		1.5	!	14.5		9.1	!	‡		16.5		17.0		10.0	!
75 or more	6.4		1.7	!	9.1		9.0		2.5		9.5		10.2		3.6

Teacher age
Less than 30 years	42.0		3.2	!	47.0		37.2		15.2	!	55.5		45.8		24.3
30–49	6.0		1.8		7.8	!	7.2	!	2.1		9.2		8.6	!	3.3
50–54	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
55 or more years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher sex⁶
Female	8.8		1.1		10.8		9.0		3.0	!	12.6		10.9		4.7
Male	6.9		2.3	!	6.2		5.1		5.3	!	9.8		11.4		6.0

Teacher race/ethnicity
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Asian, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Hispanic, regardless of race	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
White, non-Hispanic	8.0		1.0		8.1		6.5		3.1		11.8		9.4		5.0
Two or more races, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher highest degree earned
Bachelor's degree or less	16.0		2.5		18.0		15.2		5.1	!	19.0		18.5		9.2	!
Master's degree	6.3		0.8	!	7.7		6.2		2.6	!	10.3		8.6		3.6	!
Higher than a master's degree⁷	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Total years of teaching experience
3 years or less	36.4		10.0		48.7		41.3		19.5	!	71.1		60.3		21.8
1 year	‡		‡		73.5		62.1	!	‡		81.6		81.5		‡
2 years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		88.1		‡		‡
3 years	39.1	!	11.1	!	44.7	!	38.5	!	‡		49.0	!	53.6	!	25.7	!
4 years	60.6		6.7	!	70.1		45.6		28.8	!	59.4		61.3		36.2	!
5 years	2.8	!	‡		2.6	!	2.6	!	0.5	!	2.8	!	2.9	!	‡

All public school teacher movers⁸	19.6		1.7		16.3		17.8		7.4		16.5		17.8		7.4
School classification
Traditional public school	19.8		1.4		16.4		18.1		7.4		16.3		17.4		7.1
Charter school	18.1		5.2	!	15.6		14.5		7.4		19.2		22.6		10.6

Community type
City	18.5		1.1	!	17.3		15.9		3.4		10.4		16.7		4.7
Suburban	18.5		1.1	!	15.6		18.9		8.7		19.5		19.4		6.9
Town	20.0		4.2	!	17.5		14.8		9.3	!	18.5		17.8		11.1
Rural	23.3		2.6	!	15.3		20.2		10.5		20.0		16.9		10.8

School level, based on CCD definition³
Elementary	20.1		1.7		19.5		18.5		10.1		18.2		19.2		8.7
Middle	14.8		1.5	!	13.5		13.0		5.0		14.0		14.3		6.2
Secondary/high	21.1		2.1	!	12.6	!	18.0		3.7		12.3		15.5		5.1
Combined/other	26.3	!	‡		13.9	!	27.6	!	7.7	!	29.0	!	28.9	!	11.0	!

School level, based on low and high grades⁴
Primary	19.6		1.6		19.2		18.0		10.1		18.0		18.7		8.4
Middle	14.0		1.2	!	13.4		12.4		4.5		13.5		14.0		6.1
High	23.0		1.8	!	14.1	!	19.5		4.2		13.5		16.3		5.2
Combined	25.3	!	‡		9.0	!	27.1	!	5.3	!	25.9	!	28.4	!	12.5	!

Student enrollment
Less than 100 students	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
100–199	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
200–499	21.1		1.7	!	18.7		15.4		10.3		18.6		17.2		8.9
500–749	17.4		1.9	!	18.2		19.8		5.9	!	15.4		20.2		6.9	!
750–999	14.9		‡		13.7		15.2		6.6	!	15.3		12.6		7.7
1,000 or more students	25.1		1.8	!	15.0	!	23.6		4.9		15.4		21.2		5.4

Percent of K–12 students who were approved for free or reduced–price lunches⁵
0–34	21.5		2.1	!	14.8		18.8		10.4		22.5		21.3		9.2
35–49	30.6		3.0	!	19.9	!	29.4		9.0	!	14.4	!	20.7	!	6.4
50–74	15.7		1.7	!	17.1		15.1		5.5		17.7		16.3		8.9	!
75 or more	16.2		1.0	!	15.5		14.0		5.8		12.6		15.1		5.7

Teacher age
Less than 30 years	62.8		5.2		51.5		55.8		22.6		51.6		54.4		21.7
30–49	7.1		0.9	!	6.0		6.8		2.8		6.0		7.0		3.2
50–54	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
55 or more years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher sex⁶
Female	19.9		1.5		17.5		18.0		7.9		16.3		18.0		7.4
Male	18.7		2.5		12.0		17.2		5.5		17.4		17.2		7.6

Teacher race/ethnicity
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Asian, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Hispanic, regardless of race	23.0	!	‡		23.8	!	22.4	!	7.1	!	16.4		23.1	!	6.9	!
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
White, non-Hispanic	20.1		1.7		15.6		17.9		7.6		16.5		17.2		7.5
Two or more races, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher highest degree earned
Bachelor's degree or less	31.1		2.5		25.2		29.0		12.2		25.7		28.6		11.5
Master's degree	11.3		1.4	!	10.3		9.7		3.6		10.0		10.1		4.7
Higher than a master's degree⁷	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Total years of teaching experience
3 years or less	72.9		5.6		55.8		65.3		25.3		59.1		64.0		22.8
1 year	73.4		4.2	!	55.5		56.8		22.4		81.8		69.0		20.7	!
2 years	82.8		7.0	!	63.9		71.2		26.7		52.7		67.8		27.0
3 years	63.2		5.1	!	48.2		65.0		25.9	!	51.0		57.1		20.2
4 years	65.3		‡		63.0		62.6		30.5		60.5		60.4		33.7
5 years	2.5		0.4	!	2.6		2.2		1.1	!	2.3		2.8		1.5

All public school teacher stayers⁹	13.1		1.8		11.4		11.4		4.6		13.6		13.3		7.0
School classification
Traditional public school	12.6		1.7		10.9		11.2		4.4		12.7		12.4		6.8
Charter school	19.6		‡		19.7		15.5		6.3		27.3		25.5		10.9

Community type
City	13.7		2.6		13.4		13.0		3.3		14.2		14.8		6.9
Suburban	12.8		1.7		10.0		10.0		5.4		12.3		11.8		7.4
Town	13.9		‡		13.3		11.0		4.2	!	12.2		14.0		6.5	!
Rural	12.4		1.6	!	10.8		12.3		4.8		16.1		13.6		6.8

School level, based on CCD definition³
Elementary	13.7		1.1	!	13.9		12.3		5.5		14.5		14.2		7.6
Middle	13.6		2.6	!	10.9		12.3		5.6		11.8		13.2		6.0
Secondary/high	11.1		2.3	!	7.6		8.9		2.4		12.1		10.3		5.8
Combined/other	15.3		‡		12.7		14.4		4.4	!	19.3		19.5		11.2

School level, based on low and high grades⁴
Primary	13.7		1.1	!	13.8		12.3		5.4		14.4		14.2		7.6
Middle	13.9		2.6	!	10.7		12.7		5.3		11.6		13.4		6.5
High	11.2		1.9	!	7.8		8.8		2.2	!	11.9		10.3		5.6
Combined	13.7		4.1	!	11.8		12.2		6.0	!	19.2		17.8		9.9

Student enrollment
Less than 100 students	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
100–199	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
200–499	13.6		0.9	!	11.6		11.3		5.0		14.2		14.6		7.4
500–749	12.7		1.8	!	11.3		11.3		4.6		12.8		12.1		7.1
750–999	13.8		2.8	!	13.3		13.0		6.4		16.0		16.0		7.5
1,000 or more students	11.7		2.1	!	9.5		10.0		2.6		10.4		9.8		6.4

Percent of K–12 students who were approved for free or reduced–price lunches⁵
0–34	10.3		1.5	!	6.6		8.4		3.9		9.6		8.5		5.3
35–49	13.2		1.7	!	10.8		10.8		4.4		13.3		10.7		6.7
50–74	13.3		2.3	!	10.9		11.6		4.9		13.9		14.0		6.6
75 or more	15.5		1.8	!	16.8		14.5		5.0		17.5		18.5		9.1

Teacher age
Less than 30 years	56.1		6.7		48.8		47.6		18.2		57.6		55.0		30.6
30–49	9.0		1.3		7.7		7.8		3.1		9.2		9.2		4.3
50–54	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
55 or more years	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher sex⁶
Female	12.8		1.7		12.0		11.2		4.5		13.3		12.5		7.2
Male	14.0		2.2	!	9.7		12.3		4.6		14.6		15.8		6.6

Teacher race/ethnicity
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Asian, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	16.0		2.6	!	12.7		14.5		8.4		17.4		17.2		13.4
Hispanic, regardless of race	13.8		4.2	!	20.9		16.7		9.9		21.3		19.1		12.3
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡
White, non-Hispanic	12.2		1.5		10.0		10.3		3.4		12.5		12.2		5.7
Two or more races, non-Hispanic	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Teacher highest degree earned
Bachelor's degree or less	21.2		3.1		17.8		18.8		8.1		21.6		20.6		11.0
Master's degree	8.6		0.9	!	8.1		7.5		2.3		9.2		9.3		4.8
Higher than a master's degree⁷	‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡		‡

Total years of teaching experience
3 years or less	70.1		11.6		61.4		63.2		27.5		77.5		73.7		40.8
1 year	58.5		19.0	!	56.9		49.9		38.8		78.5		74.8		26.5
2 years	76.2		10.1	!	62.7		62.7		30.4		78.7		67.3		43.6
3 years	71.1		9.0	!	62.6		70.3		19.4		76.0		78.5		45.7
4 years	65.7		‡		56.4		50.5		18.0		58.9		59.3		25.4
5 years	2.4		0.3	!	2.2		2.3		0.7		2.5		2.6		1.5

! Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 percent and 50 percent (i.e., the standard error is at least 30 percent and less than 50 percent of the estimate).

‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate, or the coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is 50 percent or greater (i.e., the standard error is 50 percent or more of the estimate).

¹Early career teachers are defined as those starting teaching no earlier than the 2016–17 school year.

²“Leavers” are 2020–21 teachers who were no longer teachers in the 2021–22 TFS school year.

³School level based on the definitions set by Common Core of Data (CCD). Elementary schools offer at least one grade of K through 4, and the number of elementary grades is at least as high as the number of middle grades. Middle schools offer at least one of grades 5 through 8, and the number of middle grades is greater than the number of elementary or secondary grades. Secondary/high schools are defined as schools that offer at least as many of grades 9 through 12 as in lower grades. Combined/other schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools. School level categories in the 2020–21 NTPS differ from those in previous survey administrations; caution should be exercised when comparing estimates by level over time.

⁴School level based on low and high grades offered by the school. Primary schools offer at least one grade lower than 5 and no grade higher than 8. Middle schools offer no grade lower than 5 and no grade higher than 8. High schools offer no grade lower than 7 and at least one grade higher than 8. Combined schools offer at least one grade lower than 7 and at least one grade higher than 8. Schools with only ungraded classes were included with combined schools. These categories are provided because they are comparable to those used in previous NTPS publications.

⁵Schools that don’t participate in the free or reduced-price lunch program are included with the "0–34" percent category.

⁶Teachers were asked whether they were male or female. Although this variable is labeled “sex,” the questionnaire did not use the terms either “gender” or “sex.”

⁷Higher than a master’s degree is defined as a teacher who completed any of the following: an educational specialist or professional diploma, a certificate of advanced graduate studies, or a doctorate or first professional degree.

⁸“Movers” are teachers who were still teachers in the 2021–22 TFS school year but had moved to a different school from their 2020–21 NTPS school.

⁹“Stayers” are teachers who were teachers in the same school in the 2021–22 TFS school year as in the 2020–21 NTPS school year.

NOTE: Data are weighted estimates of the population. Hispanic includes Latino.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2020–21 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) and 2021–22 Teacher Follow-up Survey (TFS), "Current and Former Teacher Data Files," 2021–22.