Percentage of eighth-grade students using the computer in mathematics class as reported in TIMSS, by lesson and country: 2007

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Table C.3.09b.

Percentage of eighth-grade students using the computer in mathematics class as reported in TIMSS, by lesson and country: 2007

— Not available.
		Trends in percentage of students whose teachers reported that computers are available								Percentage of students whose teachers reported on computer use about half of the lessons or more
	National curriculum contains policies / statements about the use of computers	2007 percent of students				Difference in percent from 2003				Discovering principles and concepts				Practicing skills and procedures				Looking up ideas and information				Processing and analyzing data
Country			Percent		s.e	Percent		s.e			Percent		s.e		Percent		s.e		Percent		s.e		Percent		s.e
International average			34		0.5	†		†			2		0.2		3		0.2		3		0.2		3		0.2

Algeria¹	yes		29		4.2	—		†			‡		†		5	!	2.1		4	!	1.8		6	!	2.1
Armenia	yes		17	¹	3.2	‡		†			4		1.0		4		1.1		5		1.2		5		1.1
Australia	yes		51		4.3	‡		†			#		†		2	!	0.9		1		#		#		†
Bahrain	no		24		2.8	-10	!	4.5	▼		‡		†		‡		†		4		0.6		1	!	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	no		19		3.1	—		†			2	!	0.9		2	!	0.9		‡		†		‡		†

Botswana	yes		13	¹	3.2	‡		†			1		#		1		#		1		#		1		#
Bulgaria	no		46		3.5	38		4.2	∆		‡		†		‡		†		6	!	2.2		‡		†
Chinese Taipei	yes		27		3.4	‡		†			3	!	1.2		‡		†		‡		†		‡		†
Colombia	no		16		3.1	—		†			2	!	0.7		‡		†		‡		†		2	!	0.9
Cyprus	no		10		1.9	‡		†			#		†		1	!	0.3		1		#		#		†

Czech Republic¹	no		59		4.5	—		†			‡		†		4	!	1.7		‡		†		‡		†
Egypt	no		†		†	†		†			†		†		†		†		†		†		†		†
El Salvador	no		25		3.8	—		†			#		†		‡		†		3	!	1.3		1		#
England	yes		58	¹	4.0	‡		†			3	!	1.4		4	!	1.7		‡		†		‡		†
Georgia	no		30		4.2	—		†			‡		†		2	!	0.9		‡		†		3	!	1.4

Ghana	no		7	!	2.1	‡		†			1		#		‡		†		‡		†		‡		†
Hong Kong SAR²	yes		42		4.9	‡		†			7	!	2.5		8	!	2.7		6	!	2.4		5	!	1.9
Hungary	yes		39		3.9	12	!	5.2	∆		#		†		‡		†		1		0.8		2		1.2
Indonesia	no		16		3.4	‡		†			#		†		‡		†		3		1.7		2		1.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. of	no		5	!	1.6	‡		†			#		†		‡		†		1		0.7		#		†

Israel¹	yes		41		3.6	‡		†			7		1.8		8		1.9		4	!	1.5		7		1.8
Italy	yes		30		3.2	‡		†			‡		†		‡		†		‡		†		‡		†
Japan	yes		69		3.9	-17		5.0	▼		‡		†		‡		†		#		†		#		†
Jordan	yes		24		3.5	14	!	4.5	∆		2	!	0.9		4	!	1.3		5	!	1.8		4	!	1.5
Korea, Rep. of	yes		56	²	3.5	-17		4.9	▼		7		2.0		4	!	1.5		3	!	1.1		5	!	1.5

Kuwait¹	no		17		3.6	—		†			‡		†		5	!	2.0		5	!	2.0		4	!	1.9
Lebanon	no		28		3.6	‡		†			8		2.1		5	!	2.1		7	!	2.4		6	!	1.9
Lithuania	yes		73		3.2	‡		†			2	!	0.9		3	!	1.3		4	!	1.5		5	!	1.8
Malaysia	yes		44		4.4	39		4.7	∆		5	!	1.7		6	!	1.8		6	!	1.9		4	!	1.6
Malta	yes		81		0.2	—		†			7		0.1		8		0.1		3		0.1		1		#

Norway	yes		71		3.3	15	!	5.3	∆		2	!	0.7		4	!	1.5		‡		†		4	!	1.2
Oman	yes		34		4.0	—		†			1		0.1		‡		†		6	!	2.2		6	!	2.1
Palestinian Nat'l Auth.	yes		31		4.1	‡		†			‡		†		‡		†		4	!	1.8		‡		†
Qatar¹	yes		22		0.1	—		†			8		0.1		8		0.1		7		0.1		6		0.1
Romania	no		50		3.9	37		4.7	∆		2	!	0.9		4	!	1.5		3	!	0.9		3	!	0.9

Russian Federation	yes		40		4.0	28		4.8	∆		2	!	0.9		‡		†		3	!	1.3		‡		†
Saudi Arabia	no		24		3.7	†		†			‡		†		6	!	2.7		7	!	2.7		‡		†
Scotland	yes		37		3.6	‡		†			‡		†		3	!	1.1		1	!	0.4		#		†
Serbia	no		17		3.6	9	!	4.4	∆		#		†		#		†		#		†		#		†
Singapore	yes		54		2.5	-12	!	3.7	▼		3		0.8		7		1.4		4		1.0		4		0.9

Slovenia	yes		52		2.6	15	!	4.9	∆		‡		†		‡		†		#		†		3	!	1.1
Sweden	yes		40		3.2	‡		†			1	!	0.3		1	!	0.3		1	!	0.4		1	!	0.4
Syrian Arab Republic	no		18		3.4	—		†			4	!	1.8		‡		†		5	!	1.9		‡		†
Thailand	no		20		3.5	—		†			3	!	1.3		3	!	1.3		3	!	1.4		‡		†
Tunisia	no		11		2.1	-12	!	4.0	▼		#		†		#		†		#		†		‡		†

Turkey	yes		30		4.1	—		†			4	!	1.5		7	!	2.3		6	!	2.0		5	!	1.6
Ukraine	no		14		3.0	—		†			‡		†		‡		†		‡		†		‡		†
United States	no		42		2.6	‡		†			2	!	0.8		6		1.1		‡		†		2	!	0.7
Morocco^1,3	no		33		8.8	†		†			‡		†		‡		†		‡		†		1		#

Benchmarking Participants
Basque Country, Spain	no		40		5.3	‡		†			‡		†		#		†		#		†		#		†
British Columbia, Canada	yes		38		4.5	—		†			‡		†		‡		†		‡		†		1		#
Dubai, UAE⁴	no		50		6.2	—		†			‡		†		11	!	5.4		12	!	5.6		‡		†
Massachusetts, US	yes		57		7.8	—		†			1		#		‡		†		‡		†		1		#
Minnesota, US	†		28		7.9	—		†			‡		†		‡		†		‡		†		‡		†

Ontario, Canada	yes		60		4.9	‡		†			‡		†		#		†		‡		†		‡		†
Quebec, Canada	no		27		4.2	16	!	5.0	∆		#		†		1		#		#		†		#		†
† Not applicable.
# Rounds to zero.
! Interpret data with caution, estimates are unstable. The coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to .3 but less than .5.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either data are insufficient to report achievement or the coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to .5.
∆ 2007 significantly higher.
▼2007 significantly lower.
¹ Data are available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of the students.
²Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China.
³ Did not satisfy sample guidelines for participation.
⁴ Data are available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of the students.
NOTE: Differences are significant at the p<0.05 level. Standard error is noted by s.e.
SOURCE: Data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2007. Mullis, I.V.S., Martin, M.O., and Foy, P. (2008). TIMSS 2007 International Mathematics Report: Findings from IEA's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study at the Fourth and Eighth Grades, exhibit 7.11. Chestnut Hill, MA: Boston College