Table 7: Odds ratios for logistic regression analysis of homeschooling on various characteristics, students ages 5 through 17 with a grade equivalent of kindergarten through 12th grade: 2003

Homeschooling in the United States: 2003
Statistical Analysis Report

NCES 2006-042
February 2006

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Table 7. Odds ratios for logistic regression analysis of homeschooling on various characteristics, students ages 5 through 17 with a grade equivalent of kindergarten through 12th grade: 2003
Characteristics and intercept	Odds ratio¹
Intercept	0.006	*
Grade equivalent²
(Grades K–5 )	1.000
Grades 6–8	1.374	*
Grades 9–12	1.395
Race/ethnicity
(White, non-Hispanic)	1.000
Black, non-Hispanic	0.538
Hispanic	0.230	*
Other	1.165
Sex
(Female)	1.000
Male	1.059
Number of children in the household
(One child)	1.000
Two children	1.043
Three or more children	1.952	*
Number of parents in the household
(Two parents)	1.000
One parent	0.425
Nonparental guardians	0.326
Parents' participation in the labor force
(Two parents–both in labor force)	1.000
Two parents–one in labor force	5.324	*
One parent in labor force	3.563
No parent in labor force	3.663
Household Income
($25,000 or less)	1.000
25,001–50,000	0.838
50,001–75,000	0.731
75,001 or more	0.400	*
Parents' highest educational attainment
(High school diploma or less)	1.000
Voc/tech degree or some college	1.345
Bachelor's degree	1.895
Graduate/professional school	1.741
Urbanicity³
(Urban)	1.000
Rural	1.186
Region
(Northeast)	1.000
South	1.439
Midwest	1.007
West	1.095
* p<0.05
¹ By design, the reference category, shown in (parentheses), odds ratio is 1.
² Students whose grade-equivalent was "ungraded" were excluded from the analysis. The percent of students with an "ungraded" grade equivalent was 0.02 percent in 2003 and 0.03 percent in 1999.
³ Urbanicity is based on a U.S. Census classification of places. Urban is a place with at least 50,000 people. Rural is a place not classifed as urban.
NOTE: This analysis excludes students who were enrolled in school for more than 25 hours a week and students who were homeschooled only because of temporary illness. For each variable, if a category has an odds ratio greater than one, then students in that category are more likely to be homeschooled than students in the reference category. If a category has an odds ratio that is less than one, then students in that category have lower odds of being homeschooled than students in the reference category. The odds ratio for the intercept shows the odds of being homeschooled relative to the odds of not being homeschooled.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey of the 2003 National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES).

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