Table A25.-Mean ratings by public and private school principals regarding their influence in
           establishing curriculum, hiring new teachers, and setting discipline policy, by sex, 
           race-ethnicity, and age:  1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
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                                                                                  Activity area
                                ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Establishing curriculum                   Hiring new teachers                  Setting discipline policy
                                ----------------------------------      ---------------------------------       ----------------------------------     
Principal characteristics          1987-88   1990-91   1993-94             1987-88   1990-91   1993-94             1987-88   1990-91   1993-94
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PUBLIC
Total                                4.4       4.3       4.4                 4.9       5.2       5.3                 5.1       5.3       5.4
 Sex
  Male                               4.5       4.3       4.4                 5.0       5.2       5.3                 5.1       5.3       5.4
  Female                             4.4       4.2       4.5                 4.8       5.1       5.3                 5.1       5.3       5.4
 Race-ethnicity
  American Indian/Alaska Native      4.6       4.3       4.3                 5.0       5.0       5.2                 5.1       5.1       5.2
  Asian/Pacific Islander             4.5       4.3       4.7                 4.9       5.3       5.6                 5.3       5.3       5.5
  Black non-Hispanic                 4.1       4.0       4.4                 4.4       4.6       4.8                 4.8       5.0       5.3
  White non-Hispanic                 4.5       4.3       4.4                 5.0       5.2       5.4                 5.2       5.3       5.4
  Hispanic                           4.4       4.4       4.7                 4.6       4.9       5.4                 5.2       5.1       5.5
 Age
  Under 35                           4.6       4.5       4.5                 5.0       5.4       5.3                 5.3       5.5       5.4
  35-39                              4.6       4.4       4.6                 5.2       5.3       5.4                 5.2       5.4       5.5
  40-44                              4.4       4.3       4.5                 5.1       5.2       5.4                 5.2       5.3       5.4
  45-49                              4.5       4.2       4.4                 5.0       5.2       5.3                 5.2       5.3       5.4
  50-54                              4.4       4.2       4.4                 4.9       5.1       5.3                 5.1       5.2       5.3
  55 or over                         4.3       4.2       4.4                 4.6       5.0       5.1                 5.0       5.2       5.3
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Table A25.-Mean ratings by public and private school principals regarding their influence in
           establishing curriculum, hiring new teachers, and setting discipline policy, by sex,
            race-ethnicity, and age:  1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94(continued)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                  Activity area
                                ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Establishing curriculum                   Hiring new teachers                  Setting discipline policy
                                ----------------------------------      ---------------------------------       ----------------------------------     
Principal characteristics          1987-88   1990-91   1993-94             1987-88   1990-91   1993-94             1987-88   1990-91   1993-94
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRIVATE
Total                                5.2       5.4       5.3                 5.4       5.6       5.6                 5.5       5.7       5.7
 Sex
  Male                               5.2       5.3       5.3                 5.2       5.4       5.4                 5.4       5.6       5.6
  Female                             5.3       5.4       5.4                 5.6       5.7       5.7                 5.6       5.8       5.8
 Race-ethnicity
  American Indian/Alaska Native      4.8       5.3       5.7                 5.8       6.0       4.5                 5.7       5.6       6.0
  Asian/Pacific Islander             4.9       4.8       5.4                 5.9       5.7       5.6                 5.9       5.6       6.0
  Black non-Hispanic                 5.3       5.1       5.3                 5.3       5.4       5.5                 5.2       5.6       5.6
  White non-Hispanic                 5.2       5.4       5.3                 5.4       5.6       5.6                 5.5       5.7       5.7
  Hispanic                           5.5       5.3       5.6                 5.6       5.6       5.9                 5.6       5.6       5.8
 Age
  Under 35                           5.2       5.2       4.8                 5.0       5.1       4.9                 5.4       5.6       5.4
  35-39                              5.2       5.5       5.3                 5.4       5.8       5.5                 5.4       5.7       5.7
  40-44                              5.3       5.4       5.4                 5.5       5.5       5.7                 5.5       5.7       5.7
  45-49                              5.3       5.3       5.4                 5.6       5.6       5.6                 5.6       5.6       5.7
  50-54                              5.3       5.4       5.5                 5.7       5.7       5.8                 5.6       5.7       5.8
  55 or over                         5.2       5.4       5.4                 5.4       5.6       5.7                 5.5       5.7       5.8
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NOTE:  Principals were asked to rate how much actual influence they had on each activity on a 
scale of 1 to 6, where 1 represented none and 6 represented a great  deal.  The 1993-94 
questionnaires used a 0 to 5 scale, and 1993-94 scores in this table have been adjusted to the
1 to 6 scale.  
SOURCE:  U.S. Department of Education, , Schools and 
Staffing Survey: 1987-88 (School Administrator Questionnaire), 1990-91 (Public and Private School
Administrator Questionnaires), and 1993-94 (Public and Private School Principal Questionnaires).