Table 4.2. Early childhood school readiness definitions, assessments, and interventions for children not meeting expectations, by state: 2018

State	State has a statutory definition of school readiness	State has developed language regarding the assessment of readiness for kindergarten students	State has programs and interventions for students scoring below grade level on kindergarten-grade 3 assessments
United States¹	14	33	44

Alabama	No	No	Yes	²
Alaska	No	Yes	Yes	³
Arizona	No	Yes	Yes
Arkansas	No	Yes	Yes
California	No	No	Yes	⁴

Colorado	Yes	Yes	Yes
Connecticut	No	Yes	Yes	⁵
Delaware	Yes	Yes	Yes	⁶
District of Columbia	Yes	Yes	Yes
Florida	No	Yes	Yes

Georgia	No	No	Yes
Hawaii	No	No	No
Idaho	No	No	Yes
Illinois	Yes	Yes	Yes
Indiana	No	Yes	Yes

Iowa	No	Yes	Yes
Kansas	No	No	Yes
Kentucky	Yes	Yes	Yes
Louisiana	Yes	Yes	No
Maine	No	Yes	Yes

Maryland	Yes	Yes	Yes	⁷
Massachusetts	No	Yes	No
Michigan	No	Yes	Yes
Minnesota	Yes	Yes	Yes
Mississippi	No	Yes	Yes

Missouri	No	No	Yes
Montana	No	No	No
Nebraska	No	Yes	No
Nevada	No	No	Yes
New Hampshire	No	No	No

New Jersey	No	No	Yes
New Mexico	No	Yes	Yes
New York	No	Yes	Yes
North Carolina	Yes	Yes	Yes
North Dakota	No	Yes	Yes

Ohio	No	Yes	Yes
Oklahoma	No	Yes	Yes
Oregon	Yes	Yes	No
Pennsylvania	No	No	Yes
Rhode Island	No	Yes	Yes

South Carolina	Yes	Yes	Yes
South Dakota	No	No	Yes
Tennessee	No	No	Yes	⁸
Texas	Yes	No	Yes	⁹
Utah	Yes	Yes	Yes

Vermont	No	No	Yes
Virginia	No	Yes	Yes
Washington	No	Yes	Yes	¹⁰
West Virginia	Yes	No	Yes
Wisconsin	No	No	Yes
Wyoming	No	Yes	Yes

¹National total reflects the number of "Yes" responses for the column.
²Assistance programs are available at each school for at-risk students performing below state standards.
³Interventions are available to students who are in a priority school.
⁴Interventions available in grades 2 and 3.
⁵ Interventions available in kindergarten-grade 3 for schools participating in the intensive reading instruction program.
⁶Interventions available in grade 3 for students who have been previously retained.
⁷Interventions are available in grade 3.
⁸ Intervention is available beginning in grade 3 for students who score below proficient in reading, language arts, and mathematics.
⁹ Intervention is available beginning in grade 3
¹⁰ Kindergarten through grade 4 interventions are available in any school where more than 40 percent of the tested students are not proficient. Grades 3 and 4 interventions are available for schools below 40 percent.
NOTE: The information in this table was collected from state statutes, rules and regulations. A profile was sent to each state for review and modification, as needed.
SOURCE: Education Commission of the States, 50-State Comparison: State Kindergarten-Through-Third-Grade Policies, retrieved September 7, 2018 from https://www.ecs.org/kindergarten-policies/. Data Source