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| Table 21. - | Poverty status of persons, families, and children under 18, by race/ethnicity: 1959 to 1996 |
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Number below the poverty level, in thousands | Percent below the poverty level
|_____________________________________________________|_________________________________________________________
Year | | | In families with | | | In families with
and | | In all families |female householder,| | In all families |female householder,
race/ | All | |no husband present | All | |no husband present
ethnicity |persons |________________________|___________________|persons |__________________________|___________________
| | | |Related | | Related | | | |Related | | Related
| | Total |House- |children| Total | children | | Total |House- |children | Total | children
| | |holder |under 18| | under 18 | | |holder |under 18 | | under 18
___________|________|_______|_______|________|________|__________|__________|_______|_______|__________|________|__________
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13
___________|________|_______|_______|________|________|__________|__________|_______|_______|__________|________|__________
All races | | | | | | | | | | | |
1959 ......| 39,490 |34,562 | 8,320 | 17,208 | 7,014 | 4,145 |22.4 -0.3 | 20.8 | 18.5 |26.9 -0.4 | 49.4 | 72.2
1960 ......| 39,851 |34,925 | 8,243 | 17,288 | 7,247 | 4,095 |22.2 -0.3 | 20.7 | 18.1 |26.5 -0.4 | 48.9 | 68.4
1965 ......| 33,185 |28,358 | 6,721 | 14,388 | 7,524 | 4,562 |17.3 -0.2 | 15.8 | 13.9 |20.7 -0.4 | 46.0 | 64.2
1970 ......| 25,420 |20,330 | 5,260 | 10,235 | 7,503 | 4,689 |12.6 -0.2 | 10.9 | 10.1 |14.9 -0.3 | 38.1 | 53.0
1975 ......| 25,877 |20,789 | 5,450 | 10,882 | 8,846 | 5,597 |12.3 -0.2 | 10.9 | 9.7 |16.8 -0.4 | 37.5 | 52.7
1980 ......| 29,272 |22,601 | 6,217 | 11,114 | 10,120 | 5,866 |13.0 -0.2 | 11.5 | 10.3 |17.9 -0.4 | 36.7 | 50.8
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1981 ......| 31,822 |24,850 | 6,851 | 12,068 | 11,051 | 6,305 |14.0 -0.2 | 12.5 | 11.2 |19.5 -0.4 | 38.7 | 52.3
1982 ......| 34,398 |27,349 | 7,512 | 13,139 | 11,701 | 6,696 |15.0 -0.2 | 13.6 | 12.2 |21.3 -0.4 | 40.6 | 56.0
1983 ......| 35,303 |27,933 | 7,647 | 13,427 | 12,072 | 6,747 |15.2 -0.2 | 13.9 | 12.3 |21.8 -0.4 | 40.2 | 55.4
1984 ......| 33,700 |26,458 | 7,277 | 12,929 | 11,831 | 6,772 |14.4 -0.2 | 13.1 | 11.6 |21.0 -0.4 | 38.4 | 54.0
1985 ......| 33,064 |25,729 | 7,223 | 12,483 | 11,600 | 6,716 |14.0 -0.2 | 12.6 | 11.4 |20.1 -0.4 | 37.6 | 53.6
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1986 ......| 32,370 |24,754 | 7,023 | 12,257 | 11,944 | 6,943 |13.6 -0.2 | 12.0 | 10.9 |19.8 -0.4 | 38.3 | 54.4
1987 ......| 32,221 |24,725 | 7,005 | 12,275 | 12,148 | 7,074 |13.4 -0.2 | 12.0 | 10.7 |19.7 -0.4 | 38.1 | 54.7
1988 ......| 31,745 |24,048 | 6,876 | 11,935 | 11,972 | 6,742 |13.0 -0.2 | 11.6 | 10.4 |19.0 -0.4 | 37.2 | 50.6
1989 ......| 31,528 |24,066 | 6,784 | 12,001 | 11,668 | 6,808 |12.8 -0.2 | 11.5 | 10.3 |19.0 -0.4 | 35.9 | 51.1
1990 ......| 33,585 |25,232 | 7,098 | 12,715 | 12,578 | 7,363 |13.5 -0.2 | 12.0 | 10.7 |19.9 -0.4 | 37.2 | 53.4
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1991 ......| 35,708 |27,143 | 7,712 | 13,658 | 13,824 | 8,065 |14.2 -0.2 | 12.8 | 11.5 |21.1 -0.4 | 39.7 | 55.5
1992 ......| 36,880 |27,947 | 7,960 | 13,876 | 13,716 | 8,032 |14.8 -0.2 | 13.3 | 11.7 |21.1 -0.4 | 39.0 | 54.3
1993 ......| 39,265 |29,927 | 8,393 | 14,961 | 14,636 | 8,503 |15.1 -0.2 | 13.6 | 12.3 |22.0 -0.4 | 38.7 | 53.7
1994 ......| 38,059 |28,985 | 8,053 | 14,610 | 14,380 | 8,427 |14.5 -0.2 | 13.1 | 11.6 |21.2 -0.4 | 38.6 | 52.9
1995 ......| 36,425 |27,501 | 7,532 | 13,999 | 14,205 | 8,364 |13.8 -0.2 | 12.3 | 10.8 |20.2 -0.4 | 36.5 | 50.3
1996 ......| 36,529 |27,376 | 7,708 | 13,764 | 13,796 | 7,990 |13.7 -0.2 | 12.2 | 11.0 |19.8 -0.4 | 35.8 | 49.3
| | | | | | | | | | | |
White\1\ | | | | | | | | | | | |
1960 ......| 28,309 |24,262 | 6,115 | 11,229 | 4,296 | 2,357 |17.8 -0.3 | 16.2 | 14.9 |20.0 -0.4 | 39.0 | 59.9
1965 ......| 22,496 |18,508 | 4,824 | 8,595 | 4,092 | 2,321 |13.3 -0.2 | 11.7 | 11.1 |14.4 -0.4 | 35.4 | 52.9
1970 ......| 17,484 |13,323 | 3,708 | 6,138 | 3,761 | 2,247 | 9.9 -0.2 | 8.1 | 8.0 |10.5 -0.3 | 28.4 | 43.1
1975 ......| 17,770 |13,799 | 3,838 | 6,748 | 4,577 | 2,813 | 9.7 -0.2 | 8.3 | 7.7 |12.5 -0.3 | 29.4 | 44.2
1980 ......| 19,699 |14,587 | 4,195 | 6,817 | 4,940 | 2,813 |10.2 -0.2 | 8.6 | 8.0 |13.4 -0.4 | 28.0 | 41.6
1985 ......| 22,860 |17,125 | 4,983 | 7,838 | 5,990 | 3,372 |11.4 -0.2 | 9.9 | 9.1 |15.6 -0.4 | 29.8 | 45.2
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1990 ......| 22,326 |15,916 | 4,622 | 7,696 | 6,210 | 3,597 |10.7 -0.2 | 9.0 | 8.1 |15.1 -0.4 | 29.8 | 45.9
1991 ......| 23,747 |17,268 | 5,022 | 8,316 | 6,806 | 3,941 |11.3 -0.2 | 9.7 | 8.8 |16.1 -0.4 | 31.5 | 47.1
1992 ......| 25,259 |18,294 | 5,160 | 8,333 | 6,907 | 3,783 |11.9 -0.2 | 10.1 | 8.9 |16.0 -0.4 | 30.8 | 45.3
1993 ......| 26,226 |18,968 | 5,452 | 9,123 | 7,199 | 4,102 |12.2 -0.2 | 10.5 | 9.4 |17.0 -0.4 | 31.0 | 45.6
1994 ......| 25,379 |18,474 | 5,312 | 8,826 | 7,228 | 4,099 |11.7 -0.2 | 10.1 | 9.1 |16.3 -0.4 | 31.8 | 45.7
1995 ......| 24,423 |17,593 | 4,994 | 8,474 | 7,047 | 4,051 |11.2 -0.2 | 9.6 | 8.5 |15.5 -0.4 | 29.7 | 42.5
1996 ......| 24,650 |17,621 | 5,059 | 8,488 | 7,073 | 4,029 |11.2 -0.2 | 9.6 | 8.6 |15.5 -0.4 | 29.8 | 43.1
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Black\1\ | | | | | | | | | | | |
1959 ......| 9,927 | 9,112 | 1,860 | 5,022 | 2,416 | 1,475 |55.1 -1.0 | 54.9 | 48.1 |65.5 -1.3 | 70.6 | 81.6
1966 ......| 8,867 | 8,090 | 1,620 | 4,774 | 3,160 | 2,107 |41.8 -0.9 | 40.9 | 35.5 |50.6 -1.3 | 65.3 | 76.6
1970 ......| 7,548 | 6,683 | 1,481 | 3,922 | 3,656 | 2,383 |33.5 -0.9 | 32.2 | 29.5 |41.5 -1.2 | 58.7 | 67.7
1975 ......| 7,545 | 6,533 | 1,513 | 3,884 | 4,168 | 2,724 |31.3 -0.8 | 30.1 | 27.1 |41.4 -1.2 | 54.3 | 66.0
1980 ......| 8,579 | 7,190 | 1,826 | 3,906 | 4,984 | 2,944 |32.5 -0.8 | 31.1 | 28.9 |42.1 -1.3 | 53.4 | 64.8
1985 ......| 8,926 | 7,504 | 1,983 | 4,057 | 5,342 | 3,181 |31.3 -0.8 | 30.5 | 28.7 |43.1 -1.3 | 53.2 | 66.9
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1990 ......| 9,837 | 8,160 | 2,193 | 4,412 | 6,005 | 3,543 |31.9 -0.8 | 31.0 | 29.3 |44.2 -1.3 | 50.6 | 64.7
1991 ......| 10,242 | 8,504 | 2,343 | 4,637 | 6,557 | 3,853 |32.7 -0.8 | 32.0 | 30.4 |45.6 -1.3 | 54.8 | 68.2
1992 ......| 10,827 | 9,134 | 2,435 | 4,850 | 6,799 | 3,967 |33.4 -0.8 | 32.9 | 30.9 |46.3 -1.3 | 54.0 | 67.1
1993 ......| 10,877 | 9,242 | 2,499 | 5,030 | 6,955 | 4,104 |33.1 -0.8 | 32.9 | 31.3 |45.9 -1.3 | 53.0 | 65.9
1994 ......| 10,196 | 8,447 | 2,212 | 4,787 | 6,489 | 3,935 |30.6 -0.8 | 29.6 | 27.3 |43.3 -1.3 | 50.2 | 63.2
1995 ......| 9,872 | 8,189 | 2,127 | 4,644 | 6,553 | 3,954 |29.3 -0.8 | 28.5 | 26.4 |41.5 -1.3 | 48.2 | 61.6
1996 ......| 9,694 | 7,993 | 2,206 | 4,411 | 6,123 | 3,619 |28.4 -0.8 | 27.6 | 26.1 |39.5 -1.3 | 46.4 | 58.2
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Hispanic | | | | | | | | | | | |
origin\2\ | | | | | | | | | | | |
1975 ......| 2,991 | 2,755 | 627 | 1,619 | 1,053 | 694 |26.9 -1.4 | 26.3 | 25.1 |33.1 -1.7 | 57.2 | 68.4
1980 ......| 3,491 | 3,143 | 751 | 1,718 | 1,319 | 809 |25.7 -1.3 | 25.1 | 23.2 |33.0 -1.6 | 54.5 | 65.0
1985 ......| 5,236 | 4,605 | 1,074 | 2,512 | 1,983 | 1,247 |29.0 -1.0 | 28.3 | 25.5 |39.6 -1.6 | 55.7 | 72.4
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1990 ......| 6,006 | 5,091 | 1,244 | 2,750 | 2,115 | 1,314 |28.1 -1.0 | 26.9 | 25.0 |37.7 -1.5 | 53.0 | 68.4
1991 ......| 6,339 | 5,541 | 1,372 | 2,977 | 2,282 | 1,398 |28.7 -0.9 | 28.2 | 26.5 |39.8 -1.5 | 52.7 | 68.6
1992 ......| 7,592 | 6,455 | 1,395 | 2,946 | 2,474 | 1,289 |29.6 -0.9 | 28.4 | 26.2 |38.8 -1.5 | 51.5 | 65.7
1993 ......| 8,126 | 6,876 | 1,625 | 3,666 | 2,837 | 1,673 |30.6 -0.9 | 29.3 | 27.3 |39.9 -1.4 | 53.2 | 66.1
1994 ......| 8,416 | 7,357 | 1,724 | 3,956 | 2,920 | 1,804 |30.7 -0.9 | 30.2 | 27.8 |41.1 -1.4 | 54.8 | 68.3
1995 ......| 8,574 | 7,341 | 1,695 | 3,938 | 3,053 | 1,872 |30.3 -0.9 | 29.2 | 27.0 |39.3 -1.4 | 52.8 | 65.7
1996 ......| 8,697 | 7,515 | 1,748 | 4,090 | 3,020 | 1,779 |29.4 -0.9 | 28.5 | 26.4 |39.9 -1.4 | 53.5 | 67.4
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Asian and | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pacific | | | | | | | | | | | |
Islander\2\| | | | | | | | | | | |
1990 ......| 858 | 712 | --- | 356 | 132 | --- |12.2 -1.2 | 11.3 | --- |17.0 -2.2 | 20.7 | ---
1991 ......| 996 | 773 | --- | 348 | 177 | --- |13.8 -1.3 | 12.1 | --- |17.1 -2.3 | 24.6 | ---
1992 ......| 985 | 787 | --- | 352 | 183 | --- |12.7 -1.2 | 11.4 | --- |16.0 -2.1 | 25.0 | ---
1993 ......| 1,134 | 898 | --- | 358 | 126 | --- |15.3 -1.3 | 13.6 | --- |17.6 -2.3 | 17.4 | ---
1994 ......| 974 | 776 | --- | 308 | 137 | --- |14.6 -1.3 | 13.1 | --- |17.9 -2.5 | 23.6 | ---
1995 ......| 1,411 | 1,112 | --- | 532 | 266 | --- |14.6 -1.2 | 13.0 | --- |18.6 -2.1 | 28.9 | ---
1996 ......| 1,454 | 1,172 | --- | 553 | 300 | --- |14.5 -1.1 | 13.2 | --- |19.1 -2.1 | 29.5 | ---
___________|________|_______|_______|________|________|__________|__________|_______|_______|__________|________|__________
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\1\Includes persons of Hispanic origin.
\2\Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. ---Data not available. NOTE.--Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-60-198, "Poverty in the United States" and "Income, Poverty, and Valuation of Noncash Benefits," various years. (This table was prepared June 1998.)
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