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| Table 367. | Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R & D plant: Fiscal years 1989 to 1997 [In millions] |
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Actual | Estimate
|____________________________________________________________________________|________________________________
Item | | | | | | | | | | Percent
| 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | change,
| | | | | | | | | | 1996 to
| | | | | | | | | | 1997
_______________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11
_______________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Total outlays for research, development, and | | | | | | | | | |
R & D plant .................................................|$61,476.4 |$64,276.5 |$64,292.3 |$65,719.0 |$68,385.8 |$68,335.9 |$68,410.0 |$69,180.0 |$70,118.4 | 1.4
| | | | | | | | | |
Research and development ...................................| 59,450.4 | 62,246.8 | 61,130.4 | 62,934.5 | 65,241.3 | 66,158.8 | 66,374.6 | 66,876.9 | 67,691.5 | 1.2
R & D plant ................................................| 2,026.1 | 2,029.7 | 3,162.0 | 2,784.5 | 3,144.5 | 2,177.1 | 2,035.4 | 2,303.1 | 2,426.9 | 5.4
|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========
Total obligations for research, development, and | | | | | | | | | |
R & D plant .................................................| 63,570.9 | 65,950.9 | 64,990.5 | 68,577.2 | 70,414.7 | 69,427.0 | 71,011.8 | 71,047.5 | 70,148.6 | -1.3
|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========
Research and development obligations ........................| 61,405.8 | 63,667.3 | 61,295.2 | 65,592.6 | 67,314.0 | 67,255.8 | 68,754.9 | 69,076.7 | 68,063.7 | -1.5
|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Performers | | | | | | | | | |
Federal intramural\1\ ....................................| 13,184.5 | 16,002.5 | 15,238.1 | 15,690.1 | 16,556.2 | 16,139.1 | 17,342.7 | 16,897.0 | 16,403.7 | -2.9
Industrial firms .........................................| 30,484.4 | 29,378.3 | 26,420.6 | 29,744.8 | 30,326.1 | 30,454.4 | 30,468.7 | 31,267.6 | 30,712.6 | -1.8
FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...............| 1,960.0 | 2,237.6 | 2,068.3 | 2,009.8 | 1,451.3 | 1,293.5 | 1,203.9 | 1,231.3 | 1,339.5 | 8.8
Universities and colleges ................................| 8,672.0 | 9,142.2 | 10,168.5 | 10,271.2 | 11,156.1 | 11,828.7 | 11,933.0 | 12,251.2 | 12,362.2 | 0.9
FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ......| 3,497.1 | 3,466.4 | 3,603.8 | 3,855.5 | 3,666.5 | 3,292.9 | 3,574.3 | 3,302.2 | 3,230.6 | -2.2
Other nonprofit institutions .............................| 1,999.1 | 2,249.6 | 2,637.4 | 2,803.6 | 2,811.9 | 2,929.6 | 2,806.5 | 2,866.6 | 2,883.6 | 0.6
FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .........| 522.0 | 632.3 | 679.4 | 745.6 | 753.4 | 735.5 | 831.4 | 721.2 | 644.1 | -10.7
State and local governments ..............................| 167.4 | 213.9 | 215.1 | 184.1 | 320.3 | 325.4 | 316.5 | 273.8 | 281.6 | 2.8
Foreign ..................................................| 919.4 | 344.7 | 263.9 | 287.9 | 272.2 | 256.6 | 277.8 | 266.0 | 205.9 | -22.6
|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Research obligations ......................................| 20,765.4 | 21,738.9 | 23,968.4 | 24,490.6 | 26,890.5 | 27,440.4 | 28,573.4 | 28,577.8 | 29,173.5 | 2.1
Performers | | | | | | | | | |
Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 5,981.5 | 5,953.3 | 6,539.3 | 6,615.7 | 7,360.1 | 7,488.2 | 7,787.8 | 7,404.3 | 7,696.1 | 3.9
Industrial firms .......................................| 2,875.1 | 3,199.9 | 3,406.5 | 3,451.2 | 4,018.9 | 4,063.5 | 4,727.9 | 4,672.8 | 4,799.7 | 2.7
FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............| 519.8 | 542.7 | 624.6 | 592.4 | 795.8 | 737.2 | 818.0 | 877.7 | 1,005.5 | 14.6
Universities and colleges ..............................| 7,793.2 | 8,141.5 | 8,867.5 | 9,060.7 | 9,844.1 | 10,323.5 | 10,371.6 | 10,919.9 | 10,823.3 | -0.9
FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....| 1,703.4 | 1,808.1 | 2,160.9 | 2,351.8 | 2,347.6 | 2,181.1 | 2,235.6 | 2,085.7 | 2,131.1 | 2.2
Other nonprofit institutions ...........................| 1,519.7 | 1,662.2 | 1,925.9 | 2,049.6 | 2,041.3 | 2,094.9 | 2,056.1 | 2,101.0 | 2,199.9 | 4.7
FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......| 109.5 | 148.2 | 170.9 | 139.9 | 173.4 | 178.0 | 210.1 | 183.7 | 191.6 | 4.3
State and local governments ............................| 121.2 | 126.4 | 129.3 | 109.3 | 211.8 | 230.8 | 221.4 | 198.9 | 207.0 | 4.1
Foreign ................................................| 142.1 | 156.5 | 143.4 | 120.0 | 97.4 | 143.3 | 144.8 | 133.9 | 119.3 | -10.9
| | | | | | | | | |
Fields of science | | | | | | | | | |
Life sciences ..........................................| 8,495.1 | 8,837.8 | 9,622.0 | 9,910.5 | 10,772.1 | 11,078.8 | 11,979.0 | 12,266.4 | 12,415.0 | 1.2
Psychology .............................................| 421.7 | 448.6 | 482.4 | 298.1 | 550.7 | 550.2 | 653.6 | 677.4 | 687.7 | 1.5
Physical sciences ......................................| 3,705.2 | 3,808.7 | 4,235.3 | 4,439.2 | 4,427.0 | 6,792.7 | 4,851.2 | 4,928.7 | 5,002.9 | 1.5
Environmental sciences .................................| 1,773.3 | 2,174.1 | 2,149.8 | 2,207.6 | 2,608.5 | 2,032.0 | 2,722.9 | 2,669.5 | 2,681.5 | 0.4
Mathematics and computer sciences ......................| 735.5 | 840.7 | 903.7 | 1,150.3 | 1,225.4 | 1,242.3 | 1,667.9 | 1,654.1 | 1,691.3 | 2.2
Engineering ............................................| 4,442.0 | 4,335.2 | 4,944.5 | 4,977.0 | 5,499.4 | 4,023.3 | 4,952.7 | 4,686.8 | 4,908.2 | 4.7
Social sciences ........................................| 551.1 | 630.0 | 727.3 | 689.7 | 674.9 | 655.0 | 682.9 | 670.7 | 728.9 | 8.7
Other sciences .........................................| 641.6 | 663.7 | 903.4 | 806.3 | 1,132.5 | 1,066.1 | 1,063.2 | 1,024.1 | 1,058.0 | 3.3
|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Basic research obligations ..............................| 10,602.0 | 11,285.6 | 12,170.8 | 12,489.9 | 13,399.1 | 13,552.9 | 13,895.5 | 14,482.1 | 14,732.4 | 1.7
Performers | | | | | | | | | |
Federal intramural\1\ ................................| 2,370.7 | 2,366.0 | 2,446.5 | 2,397.0 | 2,605.1 | 2,505.0 | 2,712.9 | 2,413.9 | 2,667.8 | 10.5
Industrial firms .................................... | 773.2 | 887.5 | 949.9 | 920.3 | 959.2 | 1,109.1 | 1,221.2 | 1,225.7 | 1,279.1 | 4.4
FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........| 166.7 | 175.4 | 209.1 | 187.8 | 237.3 | 237.6 | 239.1 | 339.9 | 368.3 | 8.3
Universities and colleges ........................... | 5,221.4 | 5,548.2 | 6,064.5 | 6,331.8 | 6,798.5 | 7,024.2 | 6,951.3 | 7,753.6 | 7,405.5 | -4.5
FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..| 1,098.1 | 1,227.3 | 1,306.2 | 1,394.1 | 1,437.8 | 1,336.0 | 1,438.3 | 1,503.5 | 1,519.7 | 1.1
Other nonprofit institutions ........................ | 838.9 | 924.1 | 1,015.5 | 1,097.2 | 1,164.9 | 1,125.7 | 1,134.2 | 1,062.1 | 1,270.2 | 19.6
FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....| 42.2 | 59.2 | 80.8 | 65.5 | 71.3 | 73.9 | 75.2 | 71.6 | 82.9 | 15.8
State and local governments ......................... | 43.6 | 50.4 | 49.1 | 42.4 | 71.7 | 75.2 | 78.7 | 70.4 | 92.3 | 31.2
Foreign ............................................. | 47.4 | 47.6 | 49.1 | 53.8 | 53.3 | 66.1 | 44.5 | 41.3 | 46.5 | 12.6
| | | | | | | | | |
Fields of science | | | | | | | | | |
Life sciences ........................................| 4,915.7 | 5,177.5 | 5,433.6 | 5,841.7 | 6,288.8 | 6,429.8 | 6,746.7 | 6,999.2 | 7,140.0 | 2.0
Psychology .......................................... | 187.1 | 215.1 | 225.5 | 122.6 | 246.8 | 247.4 | 279.8 | 292.9 | 298.4 | 1.9
Physical sciences ................................... | 2,506.5 | 2,661.5 | 2,881.5 | 2,951.4 | 2,907.1 | 3,649.2 | 2,709.3 | 3,004.5 | 3,039.1 | 1.2
Environmental sciences .............................. | 1,016.9 | 1,274.8 | 1,263.5 | 1,303.6 | 1,533.5 | 997.2 | 1,410.7 | 1,449.2 | 1,436.4 | -0.9
Mathematics and computer sciences ................... | 349.8 | 406.9 | 426.1 | 481.4 | 511.3 | 503.6 | 626.1 | 671.2 | 673.1 | 0.3
Engineering ......................................... | 1,183.7 | 1,101.5 | 1,233.7 | 1,249.8 | 1,207.4 | 1,061.7 | 1,432.2 | 1,356.1 | 1,419.1 | 4.6
Social sciences ..................................... | 154.6 | 146.0 | 161.4 | 139.9 | 194.1 | 191.7 | 210.8 | 215.9 | 228.0 | 5.6
Other sciences ...................................... | 291.7 | 302.3 | 545.6 | 399.4 | 510.1 | 472.4 | 479.9 | 493.2 | 498.1 | 1.0
|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Applied research obligations ............................| 10,163.3 | 10,453.3 | 11,797.6 | 12,000.7 | 13,491.4 | 13,887.5 | 14,677.9 | 14,095.7 | 14,441.3 | 2.5
Performers | | | | | | | | | |
Federal intramural\1\ ................................| 3,610.8 | 3,587.3 | 4,092.8 | 4,218.7 | 4,755.0 | 4,983.2 | 5,074.9 | 4,990.4 | 5,028.3 | 0.8
Industrial firms .................................... | 2,101.8 | 2,312.4 | 2,456.6 | 2,530.9 | 3,059.7 | 2,954.4 | 3,506.7 | 3,447.1 | 3,520.6 | 2.1
FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........| 353.2 | 367.3 | 415.5 | 404.6 | 558.6 | 499.6 | 578.9 | 537.7 | 637.2 | 18.5
Universities and colleges ........................... | 2,571.8 | 2,593.4 | 2,803.0 | 2,728.9 | 3,045.5 | 3,299.3 | 3,420.3 | 3,166.3 | 3,417.8 | 7.9
FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..| 605.4 | 580.8 | 854.7 | 957.6 | 909.8 | 845.1 | 797.3 | 582.2 | 611.4 | 5.0
Other nonprofit institutions ........................ | 680.8 | 738.1 | 910.4 | 952.5 | 876.4 | 969.2 | 921.9 | 1,038.9 | 929.7 | -10.5
FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....| 67.3 | 89.0 | 90.1 | 74.5 | 102.2 | 104.0 | 134.9 | 112.1 | 108.7 | -3.0
State and local governments ......................... | 77.6 | 76.1 | 80.2 | 66.9 | 140.1 | 155.5 | 142.7 | 128.5 | 114.7 | -10.8
Foreign ............................................. | 94.6 | 109.0 | 94.3 | 66.2 | 44.1 | 77.2 | 100.3 | 92.6 | 72.8 | -21.3
| | | | | | | | | |
Fields of science | | | | | | | | | |
Life sciences ....................................... | 3,579.4 | 3,660.3 | 4,188.4 | 4,068.8 | 4,483.3 | 4,649.0 | 5,232.3 | 5,267.2 | 5,275.0 | 0.1
Psychology .......................................... | 234.5 | 233.5 | 258.9 | 175.6 | 303.9 | 302.9 | 373.9 | 384.5 | 389.2 | 1.2
Physical sciences ................................... | 1,198.8 | 1,147.2 | 1,353.9 | 1,467.7 | 1,519.8 | 3,143.5 | 2,141.9 | 1,924.2 | 1,963.8 | 2.1
Environmental sciences .............................. | 756.3 | 899.3 | 886.3 | 904.0 | 1,075.0 | 1,034.8 | 1,312.3 | 1,220.3 | 1,245.1 | 2.0
Mathematics and computer sciences ................... | 389.7 | 433.9 | 477.6 | 678.9 | 714.1 | 738.7 | 1,041.7 | 983.0 | 1,018.2 | 3.6
Engineering ......................................... | 3,258.3 | 3,233.7 | 3,710.8 | 3,727.1 | 4,292.0 | 2,961.6 | 3,520.5 | 3,330.8 | 3,489.1 | 4.8
Social sciences ..................................... | 396.4 | 484.0 | 566.0 | 549.8 | 480.8 | 463.3 | 472.0 | 454.8 | 500.9 | 10.1
Other sciences ...................................... | 350.0 | 361.5 | 357.8 | 406.8 | 622.4 | 593.8 | 583.3 | 531.0 | 559.9 | 5.5
|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Development obligations ...................................| 40,640.4 | 41,928.4 | 37,326.8 | 41,102.0 | 40,423.5 | 39,815.4 | 40,181.4 | 40,499.2 | 38,890.2 | -3.7
Performers | | | | | | | | | |
Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 7,203.0 | 10,049.2 | 8,698.8 | 9,074.4 | 9,196.2 | 8,650.9 | 9,554.9 | 9,492.8 | 8,707.6 | -8.3
Industrial firms .......................................| 27,609.3 | 26,178.4 | 23,014.1 | 26,293.6 | 26,307.2 | 26,390.9 | 25,740.7 | 26,594.8 | 25,912.9 | -2.6
FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............| 1,440.2 | 1,694.9 | 1,443.7 | 1,417.4 | 655.5 | 556.3 | 385.9 | 353.6 | 334.0 | -5.5
Universities and colleges ..............................| 878.8 | 1,000.5 | 1,301.0 | 1,210.6 | 1,312.0 | 1,505.2 | 1,561.4 | 1,331.3 | 1,538.9 | 15.6
FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....| 1,793.6 | 1,658.3 | 1,442.9 | 1,503.7 | 1,318.9 | 1,111.8 | 1,338.7 | 1,216.5 | 1,099.5 | -9.6
Other nonprofit institutions ...........................| 479.5 | 587.4 | 711.5 | 753.9 | 770.6 | 834.8 | 750.4 | 765.6 | 683.7 | -10.7
FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......| 412.4 | 484.0 | 508.5 | 605.7 | 580.0 | 557.6 | 621.3 | 537.5 | 452.5 | -15.8
State and local governments ............................| 46.3 | 87.5 | 85.8 | 74.8 | 108.5 | 94.7 | 95.1 | 74.9 | 74.6 | -0.4
Foreign ................................................| 777.3 | 188.1 | 120.5 | 167.9 | 174.8 | 113.3 | 133.0 | 132.2 | 86.5 | -34.6
|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
R & D plant obligations .....................................| 2,165.1 | 2,283.6 | 3,695.4 | 2,984.6 | 3,100.7 | 2,171.2 | 2,256.9 | 1,970.8 | 2,084.9 | 5.8
Performers | | | | | | | | | |
Federal intramural\1\ ....................................| 329.5 | 359.9 | 461.1 | 506.2 | 432.0 | 392.6 | 482.6 | 571.1 | 723.7 | 26.7
Industrial firms .........................................| 900.4 | 884.0 | 1,889.2 | 1,014.4 | 1,048.2 | 746.8 | 696.6 | 415.0 | 407.5 | -1.8
FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...............| 212.3 | 231.0 | 279.6 | 202.2 | 124.4 | 119.4 | 95.1 | 77.1 | 83.3 | 8.0
Universities and colleges ................................| 204.9 | 155.8 | 253.3 | 241.5 | 361.4 | 209.0 | 323.8 | 279.6 | 157.4 | -43.7
FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ......| 489.9 | 495.8 | 624.6 | 579.5 | 619.5 | 608.8 | 543.9 | 536.2 | 642.1 | 19.7
Other nonprofit institutions .............................| 14.2 | 121.3 | 154.6 | 393.9 | 415.6 | 20.9 | 25.6 | 21.7 | 12.2 | -43.7
FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .........| 8.4 | 31.4 | 19.7 | 46.3 | 65.5 | 72.9 | 62.6 | 69.7 | 58.2 | -16.5
State and local governments ..............................| 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0
Foreign ..................................................| 4.2 | 3.9 | 12.8 | 0.0 | 33.4 | 0.2 | 26.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
_______________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
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\1\Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance. \2\Federally funded research and development centers. NOTE.--Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, various years. (This table was prepared May 1997.)
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