| Table 107. | Average student proficiency in reading, by age and selected characteristics of students: 1971 to 1996 |
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Selected characteris- | | | | | | | | |
tics of students | 1971 | 1975 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1990 | 1992 | 1994 | 1996
_______________________________|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10
_______________________________|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______
| 9-year-olds
|______________________________________________________________
| | | | | | | | |
Total .......................|207.6 |210.0 |215.0 |210.9 |211.8 |209.2 |210.5 |211.0 |212.4
| | | | | | | | |
Male ......................|201.2 |204.3 |210.0 |207.5 |207.5 |204.0 |205.9 |207.3 |206.8
Female ....................|213.9 |215.8 |220.1 |214.2 |216.3 |214.5 |215.4 |214.7 |218.0
| | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic .......|214.0 |216.6 |221.3 |218.2 |217.7 |217.0 |217.9 |218.0 |219.9
Black, non-Hispanic .......|170.1 |181.2 |189.3 |185.7 |188.5 |181.8 |184.5 |185.4 |190.0
Hispanic ..................| (\1\)|182.7 |190.2 |187.2 |193.7 |189.4 |191.7 |185.9 |194.1
| | | | | | | | |
Parental education | | | | | | | | |
Not high school graduate ..|188.6 |189.9 |194.3 |195.1 |192.5 |192.6 |194.9 |189.1 |197.0
Graduated high school .....|207.8 |211.3 |213.0 |208.9 |210.8 |209.1 |207.4 |207.1 |207.0
Post high school ..........|223.9 |221.5 |226.0 |222.9 |220.0 |217.7 |219.5 |221.0 |220.0
| | | | | | | | |
Control of school | | | | | | | | |
Public ....................| ---| ---|213.5 |209.4 |210.2 |207.5 |208.6 |209.4 |210.0
Private ...................| ---| ---|227.0 |222.8 |223.4 |228.3 |224.7 |225.0 |227.0
| | | | | | | | |
Region | | | | | | | | |
Northeast .................|213.0 |214.8 |221.1 |215.7 |215.2 |217.4 |217.6 |217.4 |220.0
Southeast .................|193.9 |201.1 |210.3 |204.3 |207.2 |197.4 |199.3 |208.4 |206.0
Central ...................|214.9 |215.5 |216.7 |215.3 |218.2 |212.7 |215.8 |214.3 |215.0
West ......................|205.0 |207.0 |212.8 |207.8 |207.9 |209.6 |209.3 |205.1 |210.0
|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______
| 13-year-olds\2\
|______________________________________________________________
| | | | | | | | |
Total .......................|255.2 |255.9 |258.5 |257.1 |257.5 |256.8 |259.8 |257.9 |259.1
| | | | | | | | |
Male ......................|249.6 |249.6 |254.3 |252.6 |251.8 |250.5 |254.1 |250.6 |252.5
Female ....................|260.8 |262.3 |262.6 |261.7 |263.0 |263.1 |265.3 |265.7 |265.4
| | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic .......|260.9 |262.1 |264.4 |262.6 |261.3 |262.3 |266.4 |265.1 |267.0
Black, non-Hispanic .......|222.4 |225.7 |232.8 |236.3 |242.9 |241.5 |237.6 |234.3 |235.6
Hispanic ..................| (\1\)|232.5 |237.2 |239.6 |240.1 |237.8 |239.2 |235.1 |239.9
| | | | | | | | |
Parental education | | | | | | | | |
Not high school graduate ..|238.4 |238.7 |238.5 |240.0 |246.5 |240.8 |239.2 |236.7 |241.0
Graduated high school .....|255.5 |254.6 |253.5 |253.4 |252.7 |251.4 |252.1 |251.4 |252.0
Post high school ..........|270.2 |269.8 |270.9 |267.6 |265.3 |266.9 |269.9 |268.5 |270.0
| | | | | | | | |
Control of school | | | | | | | | |
Public ....................| ---| ---|256.9 |255.2 |256.1 |255.0 |257.2 |255.6 |257.0
Private ...................| ---| ---|270.6 |271.2 |268.3 |269.7 |276.3 |275.8 |274.0
| | | | | | | | |
Region | | | | | | | | |
Northeast .................|261.1 |258.5 |260.0 |260.4 |258.6 |258.9 |264.6 |269.0 |261.0
Southeast .................|244.7 |249.3 |252.6 |256.4 |257.6 |255.5 |253.8 |252.7 |252.0
Central ...................|260.1 |261.5 |264.5 |258.8 |255.9 |257.4 |263.5 |259.3 |268.0
West ......................|253.6 |253.2 |256.4 |253.8 |257.9 |255.6 |257.5 |252.9 |258.0
|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______
| 17-year-olds\2\
|______________________________________________________________
| | | | | | | | |
Total .......................|285.2 |285.6 |285.5 |288.8 |290.1 |290.2 |289.7 |288.1 |286.9
| | | | | | | | |
Male ......................|278.9 |279.7 |281.8 |283.8 |286.0 |284.0 |284.2 |281.7 |279.9
Female ....................|291.3 |291.2 |289.2 |293.9 |293.8 |296.5 |295.7 |294.7 |294.4
| | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic .......|291.4 |293.0 |292.8 |295.2 |294.7 |296.6 |297.4 |295.7 |294.4
Black, non-Hispanic .......|238.7 |240.6 |243.1 |264.3 |274.4 |267.3 |260.6 |266.2 |265.4
Hispanic ..................| (\1\)|252.4 |261.4 |268.1 |270.8 |274.8 |271.2 |263.2 |264.7
| | | | | | | | |
Parental education | | | | | | | | |
Not high school graduate ..|261.3 |262.5 |262.1 |269.4 |267.4 |269.7 |270.8 |267.9 |267.0
Graduated high school .....|283.0 |281.4 |277.5 |281.2 |282.0 |282.9 |280.5 |276.1 |273.0
Post high school ..........|302.2 |300.6 |298.9 |301.2 |299.5 |299.9 |298.6 |298.5 |297.0
| | | | | | | | |
Control of school | | | | | | | | |
Public ....................| ---| ---|284.4 |287.2 |288.7 |288.6 |287.8 |286.0 |286.0
Private ...................| ---| ---|298.4 |303.0 |299.6 |311.0 |309.6 |306.1 |294.0
| | | | | | | | |
Region | | | | | | | | |
Northeast .................|291.3 |289.1 |285.9 |292.2 |294.8 |295.7 |297.3 |296.8 |291.0
Southeast .................|270.5 |276.5 |280.1 |284.7 |285.5 |285.1 |278.4 |283.5 |279.0
Central ...................|290.7 |291.8 |287.4 |290.0 |291.2 |293.5 |293.8 |285.7 |292.0
West ......................|283.7 |281.6 |287.3 |288.4 |289.0 |286.8 |290.4 |287.8 |286.0
_______________________________|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______|______
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\1\Test scores of Hispanics were not tabulated separately.
\2\All participants of this age were in school. ---Data not available. NOTE.--These test scores are from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP scores have been evaluated at certain performance levels. A score of 300 implies an ability to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. A score of 250 implies an ability to search for specific information, interrelate ideas, and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. A score of 200 implies an ability to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. A score of 150 implies an ability to follow brief written directions and carry out simple, discrete reading tasks. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, NAEP 1996 Trends in Academic Progress, by Educational Testing Service. (This table was prepared September 1997).
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