| Table 168. | Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in institutions of higher education: 1869-70 to 1993-94 |
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Item | 1869-70 | 1879-80 | 1889-90 | 1899-1900| 1909-10 | 1919-20 | 1929-30 | 1939-40 | 1949-50 | 1959-60 | 1969-70 | 1979-80 | 1989-90 |1992-93 | 1993-94
-----------------------------------|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16
-----------------------------------|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total institutions\1\ .............| 563 | 811 | 998 | 977 | 951 | 1,041 | 1,409 | 1,708 | 1,851 | 2,008 | 2,525 | 3,152 | 3,535 | 3,638 | 3,632
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total faculty\2\ ..................|\3\ 5,553 |\3\ 11,522 |\3\ 15,809 | 23,868 | 36,480 | 48,615 | 82,386 | 146,929 | 246,722 | 380,554 |\4\ 450,000 |\4\ 675,000 |\5\ 824,220 |\3\ 877,000 | 915,474
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men .............................|\3\ 4,887 |\3\ 7,328 |\3\ 12,704 | 19,151 | 29,132 | 35,807 | 60,017 | 106,328 | 186,189 | 296,773 |\4\ 346,000 |\4\ 479,000 |\5\ 577,298 | --- | 561,123
Women ...........................|\3\ 666 |\3\ 4,194 |\3\ 3,105 | 4,717 | 7,348 | 12,808 | 22,369 | 40,601 | 60,533 | 83,781 |\4\ 104,000 |\4\ 196,000 |\5\ 246,922 | --- | 354,351
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total fall enrollment\6\ ..........|\3\52,286 |\3\115,817 |\3\ 156,756 | 237,592 |\3\ 355,213 | 597,880 | 1,100,737 | 1,494,203 | 2,659,021 | 3,639,847 | 8,004,660 | 11,569,899 | 13,538,560 | 14,487,359 | 14,304,803
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men .............................|\3\41,160 |\3\ 77,972 |\3\ 100,453 | 152,254 |\3\ 214,648 | 314,938 | 619,935 | 893,250 | 1,853,068 | 2,332,617 | 4,746,201 | 5,682,877 | 6,190,015 | 6,523,989 | 6,427,450
Women ...........................|\3\11,126 |\3\ 37,845 |\3\ 56,303 | 85,338 |\3\ 140,565 | 282,942 | 480,802 | 600,953 | 805,953 | 1,307,230 | 3,258,459 | 5,887,022 | 7,348,545 | 7,963,370 | 7,877,353
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
Earned degrees conferred | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Associate, total ................| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 206,023 | 400,910 | 455,102 | 514,756 |\7\ 542,449
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men .......................... | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 117,432 | 183,737 | 191,195 | 211,964 |\7\ 220,990
Women ........................ | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 88,591 | 217,173 | 263,907 | 302,792 |\7\ 321,459
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
Bachelor's,\8\ total ............| 9,371 | 12,896 | 15,539 | 27,410 | 37,199 | 48,622 | 122,484 | 186,500 | 432,058 | 392,440 | 792,656 | 929,417 | 1,051,344 | 1,165,178 |\7\ 1,169,275
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men ...........................| 7,993 | 10,411 | 12,857 | 22,173 | 28,762 | 31,980 | 73,615 | 109,546 | 328,841 | 254,063 | 451,380 | 473,611 | 491,696 | 532,881 |\7\ 532,422
Women .........................| 1,378 | 2,485 | 2,682 | 5,237 | 8,437 | 16,642 | 48,869 | 76,954 | 103,217 | 138,377 | 341,276 | 455,806 | 559,648 | 632,297 |\7\ 636,853
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
Master's,\9\ total ..............| 0 | 879 | 1,015 | 1,583 | 2,113 | 4,279 | 14,969 | 26,731 | 58,183 | 74,435 | 208,291 | 298,081 | 324,301 | 369,585 |\7\ 387,070
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men ...........................| 0 | 868 | 821 | 1,280 | 1,555 | 2,985 | 8,925 | 16,508 | 41,220 | 50,898 | 125,624 | 150,749 | 153,653 | 169,258 |\7\ 176,085
Women .........................| 0 | 11 | 194 | 303 | 558 | 1,294 | 6,044 | 10,223 | 16,963 | 23,537 | 82,667 | 147,332 | 170,648 | 200,327 |\7\ 210,985
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
First-professional,\8\ total ....| (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | 34,578 | 70,131 | 70,988 | 75,387 |\7\ 75,418
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men ...........................| (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | 32,794 | 52,716 | 43,961 | 45,153 |\7\ 44,707
Women .........................| (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | (\8\) | 1,784 | 17,415 | 27,027 | 30,234 |\7\ 30,711
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
Doctor's, total .................| 1 | 54 | 149 | 382 | 443 | 615 | 2,299 | 3,290 | 6,420 | 9,829 | 29,866 | 32,615 | 38,371 | 42,132 |\7\ 43,185
|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|-------------------
Men ...........................| 1 | 51 | 147 | 359 | 399 | 522 | 1,946 | 2,861 | 5,804 | 8,801 | 25,890 | 22,943 | 24,401 | 26,073 |\7\ 26,552
Women .........................| 0 | 3 | 2 | 23 | 44 | 93 | 353 | 429 | 616 | 1,028 | 3,976 | 9,672 | 13,970 | 16,059 |\7\ 16,633
|==========|===========|============|=============|============|==============|==============|==============|===============|===============|================|================|================|=============|===================
Finances, in thousands | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current-fund revenue ............| --- | --- | --- | --- | $76,883 | $199,922 | $554,511 | $715,211 | $2,374,645 | $5,785,537 | $21,515,242 | $58,519,982 | $139,635,477 |$170,880,503 |\7\$179,226,601
Educational and general | --- | --- | $21,464 | $35,084 | 67,917 | 172,929 | 483,065 | 571,288 | 1,833,845 | 4,688,352 | 16,486,177 | --- | --- | --- | ---
income ......................| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current-fund expenditures .......| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 507,142 | 674,688 | 2,245,661 | 5,601,376 | 21,043,113 | 56,913,588 | 134,655,571 | 165,241,040 |\7\ 173,350,617
Educational and general | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
expenditures ................| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 377,903 | 521,990 | 1,706,444 | 4,685,258 | 16,845,210 | 44,542,843 | 105,585,076 | 128,977,968 |\7\ 136,024,350
Value of physical property ......| --- | --- | 95,426 | 253,599 | 457,594 | 747,333 | 2,065,049 |\10\2,753,780 | 4,799,964 | 13,548,548 | 42,093,580 | 83,733,387 | 164,635,000 | 192,760,817 | 199,463,715
Market value of endowment funds .| --- | --- |\11\ 78,788 |\11\ 194,998 |\11\323,661 |\11\ 569,071 |\11\1,372,068 |\11\1,686,283 |\11\ 2,601,223 |\11\ 5,322,080 | 11,206,632 | 20,743,045 | 67,978,726 | 92,239,311 | 96,012,591
-----------------------------------|----------|-----------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|---------------|---------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|-------------|------------------- |
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\1\Prior to 1979-80, excludes branch campuses.
\2\Total number of different individuals (not reduced to full-time equivalent). Beginning in 1959-60, data are for the first term of the academic year. Beginning in 1969-70, data include only instructional faculty with the rank of instructor or above. \3\Estimated. \4\Estimated number of senior instructional staff. Excludes graduate assistants. \5\Because of revised survey procedures, data may not be directly comparable with figures prior to 1989-90. \6\Data for 1869-70 to 1949-50 are for resident degree-credit students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. \7\Preliminary data. \8\From 1869-70 to 1959-60, first-professional degrees included under bachelor's degrees. \9\Figures for years prior to 1969-70 are not precisely comparable with later data. \10\Includes unexpended plant funds. \11\Book value. Includes other nonexpendable funds. ---Data not available. NOTE.--Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Education Directory, Colleges and Universities; Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities; Earned Degrees Conferred; Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; and "Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education," "Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred," and "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education" surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment," "Completions," and "Finance" surveys. (This table was prepared July 1996.)
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