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| 2023 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected statistic | 1999-2000 | 2003-04 | 2007-08 | 2011-12 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | Elementary | Secondary | Combined elementary/ secondary | Total | Elementary | Secondary | Combined elementary/ secondary | ||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | |||||||||||
| Number of schools with libraries/media centers | 77,300 | (421) | 78,300 | (548) | 81,900 | (634) | 59,700 | (492) | 17,800 | (414) | 4,400 | (239) | 81,200 | (510) | 58,000 | (418) | 17,100 | (357) | 6,100 | (373) | |
|
Average number of staff per library/media center |
1.89 |
(0.018) |
1.76 |
(0.014) |
1.72 |
(0.017) |
1.65 |
(0.019) |
2.04 |
(0.039) |
1.42 |
(0.057) |
1.77 |
(0.017) |
1.72 |
(0.020) |
1.93 |
(0.027) |
1.76 |
(0.056) |
|
| Certified library/media specialists | 0.81 | (0.007) | 0.79 | (0.009) | 0.78 | (0.011) | 0.73 | (0.013) | 0.98 | (0.019) | 0.66 | (0.033) | 0.90 | (0.012) | 0.88 | (0.014) | 0.99 | (0.017) | 0.88 | (0.031) | |
| Full-time | 0.65 | (0.007) | 0.65 | (0.009) | 0.66 | (0.010) | 0.61 | (0.012) | 0.88 | (0.018) | 0.49 | (0.032) | 0.71 | (0.010) | 0.67 | (0.012) | 0.84 | (0.017) | 0.69 | (0.029) | |
| Part-time | 0.16 | (0.006) | 0.14 | (0.007) | 0.13 | (0.007) | 0.13 | (0.010) | 0.10 | (0.009) | 0.18 | (0.020) | 0.20 | (0.008) | 0.21 | (0.010) | 0.15 | (0.010) | 0.19 | (0.020) | |
| Other professional staff | 0.17 | (0.007) | 0.19 | (0.008) | 0.22 | (0.010) | 0.22 | (0.013) | 0.21 | (0.021) | 0.24 | (0.027) | 0.19 | (0.007) | 0.18 | (0.009) | 0.17 | (0.014) | 0.27 | (0.026) | |
| Full-time | 0.12 | (0.005) | 0.13 | (0.007) | 0.13 | (0.008) | 0.13 | (0.010) | 0.14 | (0.017) | 0.15 | (0.022) | 0.12 | (0.006) | 0.11 | (0.007) | 0.13 | (0.013) | 0.16 | (0.022) | |
| Part-time | 0.06 | (0.004) | 0.05 | (0.005) | 0.08 | (0.007) | 0.08 | (0.009) | 0.07 | (0.013) | 0.08 | (0.017) | 0.07 | (0.005) | 0.07 | (0.007) | 0.05 | (0.005) | 0.11 | (0.014) | |
| Other paid employees | 0.91 | (0.014) | 0.78 | (0.011) | 0.72 | (0.013) | 0.70 | (0.016) | 0.86 | (0.027) | 0.51 | (0.036) | 0.68 | (0.011) | 0.66 | (0.012) | 0.76 | (0.021) | 0.61 | (0.040) | |
| Full-time | 0.49 | (0.008) | 0.46 | (0.009) | 0.43 | (0.013) | 0.39 | (0.016) | 0.60 | (0.022) | 0.27 | (0.028) | 0.40 | (0.008) | 0.37 | (0.009) | 0.52 | (0.017) | 0.39 | (0.031) | |
| Part-time | 0.41 | (0.014) | 0.33 | (0.012) | 0.29 | (0.011) | 0.31 | (0.014) | 0.26 | (0.018) | 0.24 | (0.028) | 0.28 | (0.009) | 0.29 | (0.012) | 0.24 | (0.012) | 0.22 | (0.027) | |
|
Percent of libraries/media centers with certain media equipment |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Automated catalog | 72.8 | (0.69) | 82.7 | (0.66) | 87.2 | (0.71) | 87.5 | (0.94) | 90.6 | (1.08) | 69.8 | (2.88) | 88.3 | (0.49) | 89.1 | (0.60) | 90.3 | (0.78) | 74.4 | (2.16) | |
| Automated circulation system | 74.4 | (0.65) | 86.9 | (0.61) | 89.5 | (0.68) | 89.9 | (0.87) | 92.6 | (0.98) | 72.4 | (3.15) | 90.3 | (0.47) | 91.7 | (0.59) | 90.1 | (0.75) | 77.8 | (2.17) | |
| Media retrieval system1 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 34.9 | (1.05) | 35.9 | (1.33) | 35.1 | (1.66) | 20.6 | (2.32) | 32.5 | (0.76) | 33.6 | (0.99) | 32.3 | (0.91) | 22.4 | (1.92) | |
| Connection to internet | 90.1 | (0.57) | 95.1 | (0.35) | 96.7 | (0.40) | 96.5 | (0.51) | 98.6 | (0.51) | 91.6 | (1.90) | 95.9 | (0.34) | 96.2 | (0.46) | 97.3 | (0.49) | 89.6 | (1.82) | |
|
Digital video disc (DVD) player/videocassette recorder (VCR) |
--- |
(†) |
87.8 |
(0.60) |
87.2 |
(0.77) |
86.7 |
(1.02) |
89.6 |
(1.00) |
84.5 |
(2.20) |
83.2 |
(0.76) |
82.8 |
(0.98) |
86.7 |
(0.76) |
77.7 |
(2.00) |
|
|
Disability assistance technologies, such as TDD |
--- |
(†) |
11.9 |
(0.50) |
23.9 |
(1.05) |
23.0 |
(1.33) |
26.4 |
(1.34) |
25.9 |
(2.76) |
31.0 |
(0.75) |
29.9 |
(0.94) |
34.3 |
(1.02) |
31.9 |
(1.95) |
|
|
Percent of libraries/media centers with certain services |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Students permitted to check out laptops | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 27.5 | (1.02) | 26.9 | (1.27) | 29.8 | (1.34) | 26.1 | (2.57) | 40.2 | (0.69) | 39.3 | (0.85) | 42.4 | (1.08) | 41.8 | (2.67) | |
| Staff permitted to check out laptops | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 45.9 | (1.07) | 45.2 | (1.35) | 50.1 | (1.50) | 38.5 | (2.85) | 54.3 | (0.85) | 53.9 | (0.99) | 55.5 | (1.23) | 54.2 | (2.43) | |
|
Number of library computer workstations per 100 students |
--- |
(†) |
2.3 |
(0.04) |
2.6 |
(0.05) |
2.5 |
(0.07) |
2.9 |
(0.06) |
3.0 |
(0.17) |
3.1 |
(0.05) |
2.8 |
(0.06) |
3.6 |
(0.08) |
3.3 |
(0.23) |
|
|
Number of holdings per 100 students at the end of the school year2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Books (number of volumes) | 1,803 | (19.7) | 1,891 | (45.1) | 2,015 | (30.5) | 2,316 | (40.2) | 1,432 | (36.6) | 2,439 | (132.3) | 2,188 | (42.4) | 2,570 | (58.5) | 1,474 | (24.7) | 2,066 | (87.3) | |
| Audio and video materials | 59 | (0.9) | 80 | (3.7) | 90 | (3.8) | 93 | (5.6) | 81 | (5.2) | 107 | (13.3) | 81 | (2.4) | 85 | (3.3) | 71 | (2.9) | 97 | (8.3) | |
|
Number of additions per 100 students during the school year2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Books (number of volumes) | --- | (†) | 99.3 | (2.08) | 95.3 | (2.21) | 113.3 | (3.26) | 62.1 | (2.67) | 103.4 | (7.41) | 89.4 | (3.47) | 104.8 | (5.45) | 58.9 | (2.08) | 92.5 | (6.54) | |
| Audio and video materials | --- | (†) | 5.1 | (0.19) | 5.4 | (0.49) | 5.9 | (0.77) | 4.5 | (0.41) | 5.7 | (0.84) | 4.3 | (0.37) | 3.8 | (0.32) | 4.2 | (0.70) | 8.2 | ! | (3.28) |
|
Expenditures for library/media materials per pupil2 in current dollars |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Total3 | $23.37 | (0.438) | $16.24 | (0.322) | $16.11 | (0.461) | $16.18 | (0.591) | $15.90 | (0.647) | $17.00 | (1.216) | $16.00 | (0.691) | $16.48 | (1.099) | $14.80 | (0.584) | $17.26 | (1.215) | |
| Books | 9.97 | (0.153) | 10.99 | (0.299) | 11.40 | (0.291) | 11.99 | (0.389) | 10.26 | (0.504) | 12.10 | (1.094) | 10.28 | (0.343) | 10.73 | (0.480) | 9.41 | (0.526) | 10.27 | (0.830) | |
| Audio and video materials | 1.66 | (0.032) | 1.14 | (0.045) | 1.08 | (0.055) | 1.06 | (0.088) | 1.11 | (0.054) | 1.16 | (0.152) | 0.84 | (0.072) | 0.80 | (0.113) | 0.89 | (0.062) | 0.89 | (0.131) | |
| Current serial subscriptions | 1.26 | (0.016) | 1.38 | (0.025) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |
| Electronic subscriptions | 0.81 | (0.018) | 0.88 | (0.033) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |
|
Expenditures for library/media materials per pupil2 in constant 2022–23 dollars4 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Total3 | $41.37 | (0.775) | $26.15 | (0.518) | $22.80 | (0.652) | $22.90 | (0.836) | $22.51 | (0.916) | $24.06 | (1.722) | $21.07 | (0.911) | $21.71 | (1.447) | $19.49 | (0.768) | $22.72 | (1.599) | |
| Books | 17.65 | (0.271) | 17.70 | (0.481) | 16.14 | (0.413) | 16.97 | (0.550) | 14.53 | (0.714) | 17.13 | (1.549) | 13.54 | (0.452) | 14.14 | (0.632) | 12.40 | (0.692) | 13.53 | (1.093) | |
| Audio and video materials | 2.94 | (0.057) | 1.84 | (0.072) | 1.53 | (0.079) | 1.50 | (0.125) | 1.57 | (0.077) | 1.65 | (0.215) | 1.10 | (0.095) | 1.05 | (0.149) | 1.17 | (0.082) | 1.18 | (0.172) | |
| Current serial subscriptions | 2.23 | (0.028) | 2.22 | (0.040) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |
| Electronic subscriptions | 1.43 | (0.032) | 1.42 | (0.054) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |
| ---Not available. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| !Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1Centralized video distribution equipment with a scheduling and control server that telecasts video to classrooms. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2Holdings, additions, and expenditures are from the prior school year, while enrollment counts are from the current school year. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 3Includes other expenditures not separately shown. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 4Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), "Public School Library Media Center Questionnaire," 1999-2000, 2003-04, 2007-08, and 2011-12; and "Charter School Questionnaire," 1999-2000. (This table was prepared September 2023.) | |||||||||||||||||||||
