Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2022

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Table 401.30.Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2022
Level/educational purpose, agency, and program	In thousands of current dollars														In thousands of constant fiscal year 2022 dollars¹
Level/educational purpose, agency, and program	1970²	1980²	1990	2000	2010	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	1970²	1980²	1990	2000	2010	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29
Total	$12,511,079	$34,465,612	$56,033,753	$94,257,817	$179,560,187	$199,611,510	$207,426,048	$200,023,892	$241,137,480	$217,316,354	$245,609,161	$374,619,271	$568,858,061	$726,068,614	$85,845,358	$113,779,276	$116,770,372	$153,513,829	$229,388,045	$237,135,529	$245,110,749	$234,889,913	$278,468,291	$245,357,821	$272,451,449	$407,836,579	$602,265,311	$726,068,614
Elementary/secondary education	5,830,442	16,027,686	21,984,361	43,790,783	75,155,797	77,055,620	78,909,699	82,029,675	82,803,943	86,166,625	87,090,705	103,159,196	273,844,435	96,177,352	40,005,852	52,911,247	45,813,850	71,320,246	96,011,491	91,540,940	93,245,838	96,328,209	95,622,930	97,285,155	96,608,729	112,306,271	289,926,460	96,177,352
Department of Education³	2,719,204	6,629,095	9,681,313	20,039,563	39,646,475	37,488,221	37,394,190	38,648,865	38,607,172	40,301,588	40,775,232	55,245,737	224,363,687	44,675,668	18,657,946	21,884,237	20,175,171	32,637,612	50,648,351	44,535,454	44,187,883	45,385,721	44,583,999	45,501,913	45,231,501	60,144,350	237,539,863	44,675,668
Education for the disadvantaged	1,339,014	3,204,664	4,494,111	8,529,111	15,864,666	15,552,693	15,536,107	15,963,018	16,143,790	16,443,790	16,543,790	16,996,790	17,226,790	18,229,790	9,187,708	10,579,367	9,365,409	13,891,012	20,267,103	18,476,370	18,358,672	18,745,520	18,643,031	18,565,618	18,351,838	18,503,887	18,238,465	18,229,790
Impact aid program⁴	656,372	690,170	816,366	877,101	1,276,183	1,288,603	1,288,603	1,305,603	1,328,603	1,414,112	1,446,112	1,486,112	1,501,112	1,557,112	4,503,727	2,278,417	1,701,249	1,428,498	1,630,323	1,530,841	1,522,714	1,533,182	1,534,286	1,596,582	1,604,156	1,617,885	1,589,268	1,557,112
School improvement programs⁵	288,304	788,918	1,189,158	2,549,971	6,999,862	5,599,600	5,478,097	5,851,330	5,447,396	6,326,477	6,473,277	6,718,782	6,775,467	7,257,565	1,978,211	2,604,408	2,478,121	4,153,033	8,942,320	6,652,242	6,473,345	6,871,271	6,290,715	7,142,815	7,180,733	7,314,533	7,173,369	7,257,565
Indian education	†	93,365	69,451	65,285	127,282	123,939	123,939	143,939	164,939	180,239	180,239	180,739	181,239	189,246	†	308,220	144,731	106,327	162,603	147,238	146,456	169,029	190,473	203,496	199,937	196,765	191,883	189,246
English Language Acquisition	21,250	169,540	188,919	362,662	750,000	723,400	737,400	737,400	737,400	737,400	737,400	787,400	797,400	831,400	145,808	559,692	393,694	590,653	958,125	859,389	871,369	865,936	851,558	832,551	817,989	857,218	844,229	831,400
Special education	79,090	821,777	1,616,623	4,948,977	12,587,035	12,497,300	12,522,358	12,930,812	13,064,358	13,366,184	13,468,728	13,885,228	14,070,743	14,519,119	542,680	2,712,884	3,368,928	8,060,195	16,079,931	14,846,608	14,797,392	15,184,773	15,086,869	15,090,893	14,940,707	15,116,424	14,897,074	14,519,119
Vocational and adult education⁶	335,174	860,661	1,306,685	1,462,977	2,016,447	1,702,686	1,707,686	1,716,763	1,720,686	1,830,686	1,925,686	1,960,686	2,030,936	2,091,436	2,299,812	2,841,249	2,723,039	2,382,690	2,576,010	2,022,766	2,017,935	2,016,011	1,987,068	2,066,909	2,136,142	2,134,539	2,150,207	2,091,436
Education Reform--Goals 2000⁷	†	†	†	1,243,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,025,203	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Hurricane Education Recovery⁸	†	†	†	†	25,000	†	†	†	†	2,700	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	31,937	†	†	†	†	3,048	†	†	†	†
Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief Fund
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	13,230,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	14,403,098	†	†
Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	54,310,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	57,499,456	†
American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	121,970,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	129,132,916	†
Emergency Assistance to non-Public Schools Fund
Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,750,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,911,499	†
American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,750,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,911,499	†
Department of Agriculture	760,477	4,064,497	5,528,950	10,051,278	18,336,140	20,416,777	22,502,477	23,342,484	23,947,393	25,284,000	24,750,000	25,543,000	26,980,000	28,629,000	5,218,049	13,417,882	11,521,940	16,370,103	23,424,409	24,254,830	26,590,677	27,411,296	27,654,721	28,546,527	27,454,894	27,807,885	28,564,451	28,629,000
Child nutrition programs¹⁰	299,131	3,377,056	4,977,075	9,554,028	16,891,000	19,279,000	21,297,000	22,158,000	22,782,000	24,244,000	23,139,000	23,615,000	25,188,000	26,850,000	2,052,501	11,148,474	10,371,872	15,560,252	21,578,244	22,903,168	25,166,191	26,020,345	26,308,912	27,372,330	25,667,830	25,708,931	26,667,212	26,850,000
Special Milk Program¹⁰	83,800	159,293	18,707	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	574,998	525,865	38,984	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program¹¹	†	†	†	†	210,000	185,000	192,000	202,000	201,000	200,000	208,000	220,000	230,000	230,000	†	†	†	†	268,275	219,777	226,882	237,210	232,117	225,807	230,732	239,507	243,507	230,000
Agricultural Marketing Service--commodities¹²	341,597	388,000	350,441	400,000	1,053,000	770,000	818,000	805,000	842,000	840,000	1,403,000	1,708,000	1,562,000	1,549,000	2,343,884	1,280,881	730,294	651,464	1,345,207	914,749	966,612	945,319	972,351	948,390	1,556,332	1,859,448	1,653,731	1,549,000
Estimated education share of Forest Service permanent appropriations	35,949	140,148	182,727	97,250	182,140	182,777	195,477	177,484	122,393	---	---	---	---	---	246,666	462,662	380,790	158,387	232,684	217,136	230,991	208,421	141,341	---	---	---	---	---
Department of Commerce	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	180,961	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local public works program--school facilities¹³	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	180,961	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	143,100	370,846	1,097,876	1,485,611	1,981,321	2,193,877	2,035,763	2,073,071	2,110,994	2,154,827	2,188,738	2,213,758	2,278,363	2,455,630	981,887	1,224,252	2,287,896	2,419,554	2,531,137	2,606,294	2,405,616	2,434,427	2,437,800	2,432,876	2,427,942	2,410,051	2,412,164	2,455,630
Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC)	12,100	32,000	39,300	210,432	359,689	450,229	381,306	365,030	368,367	380,227	385,988	392,660	427,995	425,822	83,025	105,640	81,898	342,722	459,503	534,865	450,581	428,658	425,394	429,290	428,172	427,477	453,130	425,822
Overseas dependents schools	131,000	338,846	864,958	904,829	1,186,560	1,187,691	1,118,208	1,135,770	1,155,642	1,172,696	1,250,733	1,235,017	1,239,800	1,381,903	898,863	1,118,612	1,802,511	1,473,658	1,515,830	1,410,959	1,321,362	1,333,745	1,334,548	1,324,015	1,387,424	1,344,525	1,312,610	1,381,903
Domestic schools¹⁴	†	†	193,618	370,350	435,072	555,957	536,249	572,271	586,985	601,904	552,017	586,081	610,568	647,905	†	†	403,486	603,174	555,804	660,469	633,674	672,023	677,857	679,571	612,346	638,049	646,425	647,905
Department of Energy	200	77,633	15,563	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,372	256,285	32,432	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for school buildings¹⁵	†	77,240	15,213	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	254,988	31,703	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Pre-engineering program	200	393	350	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,372	1,297	729	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	†	735,000	1,906,979	5,282,000	7,234,000	8,598,000	8,598,095	9,168,095	9,150,666	9,190,257	10,063,095	10,613,095	10,748,095	10,748,095	†	2,426,412	3,974,009	8,602,576	9,241,431	10,214,297	10,160,178	10,766,179	10,567,293	10,376,124	11,162,877	11,554,153	11,379,297	10,748,095
Head Start¹⁶	†	735,000	1,447,758	5,267,000	7,234,000	8,598,000	8,598,095	9,168,095	9,150,666	9,190,257	10,063,095	10,613,095	10,748,095	10,748,095	†	2,426,412	3,017,025	8,578,146	9,241,431	10,214,297	10,160,178	10,766,179	10,567,293	10,376,124	11,162,877	11,554,153	11,379,297	10,748,095
Payments to states for Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) work programs¹⁷	†	†	459,221	15,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	956,984	24,430	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	505	273	301	339	390	---	---	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	645	324	356	398	450	---	---	---	---	---
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation-- Coast Guard personnel¹⁸	†	†	†	†	505	273	301	339	390	---	---	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	645	324	356	398	450	---	---	---	---	---
Department of the Interior	140,705	318,170	445,267	725,423	781,075	782,405	805,293	880,066	879,896	912,189	1,099,950	1,075,588	1,097,655	1,143,155	965,454	1,050,356	927,906	1,181,467	997,823	929,486	951,597	1,033,470	1,016,114	1,029,894	1,220,162	1,170,960	1,162,117	1,143,155
Mineral Leasing Act and other funds¹⁹
Payments to states--estimated education share	12,294	62,636	123,811	24,610	23,000	28,100	23,500	17,000	17,500	21,700	44,300	23,200	19,500	33,800	84,356	206,777	258,013	40,081	29,382	33,382	27,769	19,963	20,209	24,500	49,141	25,257	20,645	33,800
Payments to counties--estimated education share	16,359	48,953	102,522	53,500	50,000	61,300	51,200	37,100	38,000	47,300	96,600	50,600	42,500	73,700	112,248	161,606	213,649	87,133	63,875	72,823	60,502	43,567	43,883	53,403	107,157	55,087	44,996	73,700
Indian Education
Bureau of Indian Education schools	95,850	178,112	192,841	466,905	580,492	622,382	641,353	672,943	671,664	696,158	705,902	733,196	750,238	750,238	657,679	587,991	401,866	760,429	741,578	739,381	757,873	790,243	775,645	785,987	783,049	798,208	794,297	750,238
Johnson-O'Malley assistance²⁰	16,080	28,081	25,556	17,387	13,589	14,338	14,739	14,778	14,750	14,678	14,903	20,335	21,140	21,140	110,334	92,702	53,256	28,317	17,360	17,033	17,417	17,354	17,033	16,572	16,532	22,138	22,381	21,140
Education construction	†	†	†	161,021	112,994	55,285	74,501	138,245	137,982	132,353	238,245	248,257	264,277	264,277	†	†	†	262,248	144,350	65,678	88,036	162,342	159,343	149,431	264,282	270,270	279,797	264,277
Education expenses for children of employees, Yellowstone National Park	122	388	538	2,000	1,000	1,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	837	1,281	1,121	3,257	1,277	1,188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Justice	8,237	23,890	65,997	224,800	137,529	143,939	141,167	141,194	137,171	136,674	136,674	157,281	210,481	210,481	56,519	78,867	137,533	366,123	175,693	170,997	166,814	165,805	158,407	154,310	151,611	171,227	222,842	210,481
Advanced occupational education²¹	†	†	†	†	137,529	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	175,693	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Vocational training expenses for prisoners in federal prisons²¹	2,720	4,966	2,066	1,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	18,663	16,394	4,305	1,629	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Inmate programs^21,22	5,517	18,924	63,931	223,800	---	143,939	141,167	141,194	137,171	136,674	136,674	157,281	210,481	210,481	37,855	62,473	133,228	364,494	---	170,997	166,814	165,805	158,407	154,310	151,611	171,227	222,842	210,481
Department of Labor	420,927	1,849,800	2,505,487	4,683,200	4,845,735	4,837,010	4,827,861	5,024,580	5,018,397	5,020,641	5,270,855	5,354,855	5,411,815	5,411,855	2,888,210	6,106,635	5,221,257	7,627,335	6,190,424	5,746,297	5,704,976	5,900,411	5,795,302	5,668,481	5,846,900	5,829,667	5,729,634	5,411,855
Job Corps²³	†	469,800	739,376	1,256,000	1,017,205	1,688,155	1,688,155	1,689,155	1,685,944	1,692,581	1,718,655	1,743,655	1,748,615	1,748,655	†	1,550,923	1,540,807	2,045,596	1,299,479	2,005,503	1,994,855	1,983,590	1,946,947	1,910,984	1,906,484	1,898,264	1,851,306	1,748,655
Training programs--estimated funds for education programs^24,25	420,927	1,380,000	1,766,111	3,427,200	3,828,530	3,148,855	3,139,706	3,335,425	3,332,453	3,328,060	3,552,200	3,611,200	3,663,200	3,663,200	2,888,210	4,555,712	3,680,450	5,581,740	4,890,945	3,740,793	3,710,121	3,916,821	3,848,354	3,757,497	3,940,415	3,931,403	3,878,328	3,663,200
Department of Transportation	45	60	46	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	309	198	96	306	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation-- Coast Guard personnel¹⁸	45	60	46	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	309	198	96	306	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	935,903	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,089,641	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education share of general revenue sharing²⁶
State	†	525,019	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,733,214	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local	†	410,884	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,356,427	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	338,910	545,786	155,351	445,052	760,476	1,079,832	1,161,750	1,332,166	1,522,533	1,752,151	1,409,287	1,581,236	1,444,401	1,491,288	2,325,447	1,801,771	323,740	724,838	971,508	1,282,824	1,372,814	1,564,375	1,758,238	1,978,240	1,563,306	1,721,443	1,529,226	1,491,288
Noncollegiate and job training programs²⁷	281,640	439,993	12,848	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,932,486	1,452,523	26,774	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Vocational rehabilitation for disabled veterans²⁸	41,700	87,980	136,780	438,635	760,476	1,060,811	1,143,656	1,314,682	1,504,944	1,734,475	1,387,614	1,559,108	1,419,049	1,463,183	286,127	290,443	285,040	714,387	971,508	1,260,228	1,351,433	1,543,843	1,737,926	1,958,283	1,539,264	1,697,353	1,502,385	1,463,183
Veteran dependents' education²⁹	15,570	17,813	5,723	6,417	---	19,021	18,094	17,484	17,589	17,676	21,673	22,128	25,352	28,105	106,834	58,805	11,926	10,451	---	22,597	21,381	20,532	20,312	19,957	24,042	24,090	26,841	28,105
Service Members Occupational Conversion Training Act of 1992³⁰	†	†	†	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission³¹	33,161	9,157	93	2,588	986	3,163	1,574	2,332	4,480	1,680	2,386	2,364	6,933	1,224	227,536	30,229	194	4,214	1,260	3,758	1,860	2,738	5,173	1,896	2,647	2,573	7,341	1,224
National Endowment for the Arts³²	†	4,989	4,641	6,002	11,530	10,924	9,777	10,496	10,186	9,673	10,283	14,223	10,495	17,383	†	16,470	9,672	9,775	14,730	12,978	11,553	12,326	11,763	10,921	11,407	15,484	11,111	17,383
Arts in education	†	4,989	4,641	6,002	11,530	10,924	9,777	10,496	10,186	9,673	10,283	14,223	10,495	17,383	†	16,470	9,672	9,775	14,730	12,978	11,553	12,326	11,763	10,921	11,407	15,484	11,111	17,383
National Endowment for the Humanities	20	330	404	812	125	181	243	212	4,885	2,707	3,101	3,911	3,642	3,907	137	1,089	842	1,323	160	215	287	249	5,641	3,056	3,440	4,258	3,856	3,907
Office of Economic Opportunity³³	1,072,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	7,358,152	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Head Start¹⁶	325,700	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,234,806	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other elementary and secondary programs³⁴	42,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	293,736	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Job Corps²³	144,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	988,063	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Youth Corps and other training programs²³	553,368	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,796,961	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)³⁵	6,498	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	44,586	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration³⁶	167,333	342,000	489,814	729,036	1,281,700	1,328,700	1,327,200	1,319,900	1,294,600	1,288,700	1,263,600	1,219,000	1,117,400	1,168,000	1,148,163	1,129,024	1,020,738	1,187,351	1,637,371	1,578,476	1,568,323	1,549,971	1,495,019	1,454,988	1,401,697	1,327,088	1,183,021	1,168,000
Social Security student benefits³⁷	167,333	342,000	489,814	729,036	1,281,700	1,328,700	1,327,200	1,319,900	1,294,600	1,288,700	1,263,600	1,219,000	1,117,400	1,168,000	1,148,163	1,129,024	1,020,738	1,187,351	1,637,371	1,578,476	1,568,323	1,549,971	1,495,019	1,454,988	1,401,697	1,327,088	1,183,021	1,168,000
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia	25,748	65,714	86,579	115,230	138,200	172,318	104,008	85,875	115,180	111,538	117,504	135,148	171,468	221,666	176,671	216,938	180,425	187,670	176,550	204,711	122,904	100,844	133,011	125,930	130,346	147,132	181,538	221,666
Postsecondary education	$3,432,277	$11,087,992	$18,060,326	$22,997,852	$58,198,856	$80,916,948	$86,660,617	$74,837,278	$114,022,573	$83,544,180	$107,465,117	$213,450,048	$236,774,003	$577,519,074	$23,550,730	$36,604,129	$37,636,441	$37,455,656	$74,349,008	$96,128,141	$102,404,925	$87,882,110	$131,674,558	$94,324,323	$119,209,833	$232,376,560	$250,678,998	$577,519,074
Department of Education³	1,187,962	5,682,242	11,175,978	10,727,315	35,518,187	51,896,533	56,994,579	44,128,936	82,309,464	51,025,715	74,809,625	179,320,427	202,738,836	542,808,446	8,151,257	18,758,448	23,289,947	17,471,137	45,374,465	61,652,316	67,349,227	51,821,019	95,051,901	57,609,830	82,985,466	195,220,682	214,645,052	542,808,446
Student financial assistance	†	3,682,789	5,920,328	9,060,317	24,596,640	30,589,493	29,351,512	30,130,183	31,199,052	31,754,748	31,572,669	31,663,815	31,099,903	29,676,848	†	12,157,772	12,337,544	14,756,166	31,422,195	36,339,866	34,684,029	35,382,154	36,029,018	35,852,229	35,023,203	34,471,430	32,926,303	29,676,848
Direct Loan Program^38,39	†	†	†	-2,862,240	3,481,859	16,254,117	23,660,742	9,878,116	37,028,295	13,619,843	36,528,795	114,143,528	98,173,183	474,121,269	†	†	†	-4,661,613	4,448,073	19,309,651	27,959,373	11,599,963	42,760,694	15,377,283	40,520,977	124,264,579	103,938,586	474,121,269
Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program^39,40	2,323	1,407,977	4,372,446	2,707,473	4,274,364	2,269,320	1,362,692	1,446,784	11,155,845	2,545,960	3,661,416	16,599,386	6,584,881	34,896,379	15,939	4,648,071	9,111,868	4,409,550	5,460,498	2,695,919	1,610,263	1,698,972	12,882,896	2,874,479	4,061,567	18,071,245	6,971,590	34,896,379
Higher education	1,029,131	399,787	659,492	1,530,779	2,740,665	2,322,592	2,161,224	2,219,845	2,292,844	2,484,721	2,551,546	2,715,747	2,782,126	3,234,576	7,061,431	1,319,793	1,374,335	2,493,117	3,501,198	2,759,205	2,553,870	2,606,785	2,647,802	2,805,338	2,830,401	2,956,551	2,945,512	3,234,576
Facilities--loans and insurance	114,199	-19,031	19,219	-2,174	-8,360	-109	-156	-68	-102	-156	-166	-3,203	-3,020	-1,665	783,582	-62,826	40,051	-3,541	-10,680	-129	-184	-80	-118	-176	-184	-3,487	-3,197	-1,665
College housing loans⁴¹	†	14,082	-57,167	-41,886	-16,725	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,760	-1,760	-1,760	†	46,488	-119,132	-68,218	-21,366	-1,397	-1,390	-1,381	-1,358	-1,328	-1,305	-1,916	-1,863	-1,760
Educational activities overseas	774	3,561	82	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	5,311	11,756	171	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Historically Black Colleges and Universities Capital Financing, Program Account⁴²	†	†	†	150	23,330	55,184	50,629	42,140	221,594	188,257	48,162	4,776	1,761,398	303,920	†	†	†	244	29,804	65,558	59,827	49,485	255,899	212,549	53,426	5,199	1,864,839	303,920
Gallaudet College and Howard University	38,559	176,829	230,327	291,060	357,977	340,821	342,096	343,096	343,096	360,518	370,879	377,379	391,379	490,379	264,574	583,755	479,985	474,037	457,315	404,890	404,247	402,901	396,211	407,038	411,412	410,841	414,363	490,379
National Technical Institute for the Deaf	2,976	16,248	31,251	43,836	68,437	66,291	67,016	70,016	70,016	73,000	77,500	79,500	81,500	88,500	20,420	53,639	65,125	71,394	87,428	78,753	79,191	82,220	80,855	82,420	85,970	86,549	86,286	88,500
Higher Education Emergency Relief Fund (HEER)
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	13,741,259	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	14,959,690	†	†
Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	22,733,955	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	24,069,049	†
American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	39,135,291	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	41,433,584	†
Department of Agriculture	†	10,453	31,273	30,676	80,697	82,986	82,986	84,686	84,525	84,111	84,686	100,509	109,500	109,500	†	34,508	65,171	49,961	103,090	98,586	98,063	99,448	97,610	94,964	93,941	109,421	115,931	109,500
Agriculture Extension Service, Second Morrill Act payments to agricultural and mechanical colleges and Tuskegee Institute	†	10,453	31,273	30,676	80,697	82,986	82,986	84,686	84,525	84,111	84,686	100,509	109,500	109,500	†	34,508	65,171	49,961	103,090	98,586	98,063	99,448	97,610	94,964	93,941	109,421	115,931	109,500
Department of Commerce	8,277	29,971	3,312	3,800	---	---	---	---	---	72,012	80,000	87,000	87,950	88,000	56,793	98,941	6,902	6,189	---	---	---	---	---	81,304	88,743	94,714	93,115	88,000
Sea Grant Program⁴³	†	3,123	3,312	3,800	---	---	---	---	---	72,012	80,000	87,000	87,950	88,000	†	10,310	6,902	6,189	---	---	---	---	---	81,304	88,743	94,714	93,115	88,000
Merchant Marine Academy⁴⁴	6,160	14,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	42,267	48,888	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
State marine schools⁴⁴	2,117	12,039	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	14,526	39,744	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	322,100	545,000	635,769	1,147,759	2,550,667	2,314,444	2,204,083	2,329,356	2,334,096	2,447,747	2,482,425	2,569,688	2,754,713	2,774,115	2,210,104	1,799,176	1,324,898	1,869,308	3,258,476	2,749,525	2,604,516	2,735,384	2,695,440	2,763,593	2,753,726	2,797,541	2,916,489	2,774,115
Tuition assistance for military personnel	57,500	---	95,300	263,303	669,892	580,848	520,817	571,613	540,099	572,628	561,889	555,708	562,179	580,098	394,539	---	198,598	428,831	855,787	690,039	615,438	671,250	623,712	646,517	623,297	604,982	595,194	580,098
Service academies	78,700	106,100	120,613	212,678	402,640	225,163	227,413	230,807	234,908	242,174	249,839	256,260	265,900	283,445	540,004	350,262	251,349	346,380	514,372	267,490	268,729	271,039	271,274	273,423	277,144	278,982	281,515	283,445
Senior Reserve Officers Training Corps (SROTC)	108,100	---	193,056	363,461	885,500	856,900	840,384	870,817	850,925	896,721	956,080	991,307	995,759	988,397	741,733	---	402,315	591,954	1,131,226	1,017,985	993,063	1,022,608	982,658	1,012,430	1,060,569	1,079,206	1,054,237	988,397
Professional development education⁴⁵	77,800	---	226,800	308,317	592,635	651,533	615,469	656,119	708,164	736,224	714,617	766,413	930,875	922,175	533,828	---	472,635	502,143	757,091	774,012	727,286	770,487	817,796	831,223	792,717	834,370	985,542	922,175
Department of Energy	3,000	57,701	25,502	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	20,585	190,485	53,144	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
University laboratory cooperative program	3,000	2,800	9,402	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	20,585	9,243	19,593	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Teacher development projects	†	1,400	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,622	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for buildings--higher education¹⁵	†	53,501	7,459	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	176,620	15,544	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Minority honors vocational training	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Honors research program	†	†	6,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	13,487	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Students and teachers	†	†	2,169	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,520	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	479,483	853,058	5,018,542	8,974,190	10,372,556	12,839,981	13,164,045	13,766,395	14,492,350	15,413,540	15,746,551	16,277,743	18,114,670	19,618,190	3,289,995	2,816,150	10,458,285	14,615,894	13,250,935	15,253,708	15,555,659	16,166,005	16,735,930	17,402,430	17,467,470	17,721,083	19,178,488	19,618,190
Health professions training programs⁴⁶	353,029	460,736	230,600	340,361	406,000	469,236	486,600	541,895	538,695	641,695	641,695	734,506	754,006	799,142	2,422,325	1,521,000	480,554	554,332	518,665	557,445	575,004	636,352	622,091	724,496	711,825	799,634	798,286	799,142
Indian health professions	†	7,187	9,508	16,000	46,000	32,000	48,000	48,000	48,000	49,000	49,000	65,314	67,314	73,039	†	23,726	19,814	26,059	58,765	38,016	56,721	56,367	55,431	55,323	54,355	71,105	71,267	73,039
Medicare medical education benefits	---	---	4,440,000	8,020,000	9,080,000	11,530,000	11,800,000	12,300,000	13,000,000	13,800,000	14,100,000	14,500,000	16,300,000	17,700,000	---	---	9,252,646	13,061,844	11,599,695	13,697,470	13,943,798	14,444,004	15,012,547	15,580,686	15,640,970	15,785,708	17,257,248	17,700,000
National Health Service Corps scholarships	†	70,667	4,759	33,300	41,000	43,300	44,000	44,000	33,722	38,000	38,000	38,000	37,000	31,424	†	233,289	9,917	54,235	52,377	51,440	51,994	51,670	38,943	42,903	42,153	41,369	39,173	31,424
National Institutes of Health training grants⁴⁷	†	176,388	241,356	550,220	775,186	738,000	758,000	804,000	843,000	855,845	888,955	909,923	926,442	983,585	†	582,299	502,969	896,121	990,300	876,733	895,712	944,145	973,506	966,279	986,108	990,605	980,849	983,585
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health training grants	8,088	12,899	10,461	14,198	24,370	27,445	27,445	28,500	28,933	29,000	28,901	30,000	29,908	31,000	55,496	42,583	21,800	23,124	31,133	32,604	32,431	33,468	33,412	32,742	32,060	32,660	31,664	31,000
Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs⁴⁸	118,366	122,103	81,353	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	812,174	403,091	169,534	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Health teaching facilities⁴⁹	†	3,078	505	110	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	10,161	1,052	180	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	45,824	35,632	34,205	39,447	15,770	14,001	13,820	13,735	15,234	15,755	†	†	†	†	58,540	42,330	40,419	46,323	18,211	15,808	15,330	14,953	16,129	15,755
Coast Guard Academy¹⁸	†	†	†	†	26,326	25,438	23,260	24,336	---	---	---	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	33,631	30,220	27,486	28,578	---	---	---	---	---	---
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers¹⁸	†	†	†	†	4,645	5,430	4,811	5,555	6,511	7,081	6,920	6,272	6,459	5,179	†	†	†	†	5,934	6,451	5,685	6,523	7,519	7,995	7,676	6,828	6,838	5,179
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military personnel¹⁸	†	†	†	†	14,853	4,764	6,134	9,556	9,259	6,920	6,900	7,463	8,775	10,576	†	†	†	†	18,975	5,660	7,248	11,222	10,692	7,813	7,654	8,125	9,290	10,576
Department of Housing and Urban Development	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	783,582	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College housing loans⁴¹	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	783,582	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Interior	16,329	52,312	104,891	156,316	143,041	84,987	83,482	78,602	78,780	80,930	100,571	59,995	58,495	70,195	112,042	172,694	218,585	254,585	182,735	100,963	98,649	92,303	90,976	91,373	111,562	65,315	61,930	70,195
Shared revenues, Mineral Leasing Act and other receipts--estimated education share¹⁹	6,949	35,403	69,980	98,740	16,250	23,100	19,300	14,000	14,300	17,800	36,400	19,000	16,000	27,700	47,681	116,874	145,833	160,814	20,759	27,442	22,806	16,440	16,514	20,097	40,378	20,685	16,940	27,700
Indian programs
Continuing education	9,380	16,909	34,911	57,576	126,791	61,887	64,182	64,602	64,480	63,130	64,171	40,995	42,495	42,495	64,361	55,821	72,751	93,772	161,975	73,521	75,842	75,863	74,462	71,276	71,184	44,630	44,991	42,495
Higher education scholarships	---	---	---	---	34,585	31,350	31,190	31,290	31,231	34,547	34,996	34,333	34,833	34,833	---	---	---	---	44,182	37,243	36,857	36,744	36,066	39,005	38,821	37,377	36,879	34,833
Department of State	30,850	†	2,167	319,000	657,660	567,811	594,915	599,211	589,777	646,140	700,950	730,700	740,300	740,300	211,679	†	4,516	519,542	840,160	674,551	702,998	703,659	681,081	729,515	777,556	795,491	783,775	740,300
Educational exchange⁵⁰	30,850	†	†	319,000	657,660	567,811	594,915	599,211	589,777	646,140	700,950	730,700	740,300	740,300	211,679	†	†	519,542	840,160	674,551	702,998	703,659	681,081	729,515	777,556	795,491	783,775	740,300
Mutual educational and cultural exchange activities	30,454	†	†	303,000	635,000	567,811	594,915	599,211	589,777	646,140	700,950	730,700	740,300	740,300	208,962	†	†	493,484	811,212	674,551	702,998	703,659	681,081	729,515	777,556	795,491	783,775	740,300
International educational exchange activities⁵¹	396	†	†	16,000	22,660	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,717	†	†	26,059	28,948	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and Training	†	†	2,167	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,516	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	11,197	12,530	46,025	60,300	89,997	96,800	97,650	116,100	118,418	111,654	433,793	427,721	518,644	513,832	76,829	41,365	95,913	98,208	114,971	114,997	115,391	136,337	136,750	126,061	481,202	465,647	549,102	513,832
Merchant Marine Academy⁴⁴	†	†	20,926	34,000	74,057	79,500	79,150	82,500	83,218	82,652	88,593	85,441	85,944	90,532	†	†	43,608	55,374	94,608	94,445	93,530	96,881	96,101	93,317	98,275	93,017	90,991	90,532
State marine schools^44,52	†	†	8,269	7,000	15,940	17,300	18,500	33,600	35,200	29,002	345,200	342,280	432,700	423,300	†	†	17,232	11,401	20,363	20,552	21,861	39,457	40,649	32,744	382,926	372,630	458,111	423,300
Coast Guard Academy¹⁸	9,342	10,000	12,074	15,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	64,101	33,012	25,161	25,244	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers¹⁸	1,655	2,230	4,173	2,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	11,356	7,362	8,697	4,072	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military personnel¹⁸	200	300	582	1,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,372	990	1,214	2,117	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	979,643	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General revenue sharing--estimated state share to higher education²⁶	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	979,643	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	693,490	1,803,847	599,825	1,132,322	8,034,534	12,005,341	12,355,406	12,628,170	12,900,853	12,725,812	11,937,119	12,763,378	10,526,047	9,646,879	4,758,414	5,954,933	1,249,993	1,844,166	10,264,113	14,262,168	14,600,109	14,829,377	14,898,051	14,367,890	13,241,710	13,895,101	11,144,209	9,646,879
Vietnam-era veterans	638,260	1,579,974	46,998	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,379,451	5,215,874	97,941	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College student support	†	1,560,081	39,458	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	5,150,203	82,228	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Work-study	†	19,893	7,540	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	65,672	15,713	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Service persons college support	18,900	46,617	8,911	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	129,683	153,894	18,570	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Post-Vietnam veterans	†	922	161,475	3,958	1,496	425	275	223	212	154	106	143	756	8,478	†	3,044	336,502	6,446	1,911	505	325	262	245	174	118	156	800	8,478
All-volunteer-force educational assistance	†	†	269,947	984,068	1,854,917	680,312	586,558	501,856	455,020	391,870	323,529	300,637	266,750	253,016	†	†	562,550	1,602,711	2,369,655	808,201	693,123	589,334	525,462	442,435	358,887	327,294	282,415	253,016
Veterans	†	†	183,765	876,434	1,659,694	530,508	445,190	365,091	323,593	263,895	216,380	197,490	169,636	148,165	†	†	382,953	1,427,412	2,120,258	630,236	526,071	428,730	373,689	297,947	240,028	215,001	179,598	148,165
Reservists	†	†	86,182	107,634	195,223	149,804	141,368	136,765	131,427	127,975	107,149	103,147	97,114	104,851	†	†	179,597	175,299	249,397	177,965	167,051	160,604	151,773	144,488	118,859	112,293	102,817	104,851
Post-9/11 GI Bill⁵³	†	†	†	†	5,542,843	10,754,649	11,234,014	11,583,408	11,886,003	11,738,722	10,748,939	11,430,582	9,141,053	8,134,273	†	†	†	†	7,080,979	12,776,364	13,274,985	13,602,504	13,726,091	13,253,431	11,923,676	12,444,126	9,677,878	8,134,273
Veteran dependents' education²⁹	36,330	176,334	100,494	131,296	507,294	494,613	475,131	502,998	519,796	566,579	839,479	1,007,852	1,093,187	1,227,407	249,280	582,121	209,422	213,836	648,068	587,593	561,452	590,675	600,266	639,688	931,225	1,097,218	1,157,386	1,227,407
Payments to state education agencies	†	†	12,000	13,000	18,958	18,985	18,911	18,988	19,000	21,000	23,604	24,164	24,301	23,705	†	†	25,007	21,173	24,219	22,554	22,347	22,298	21,941	23,710	26,184	26,307	25,728	23,705
Reserve Education Assistance Program⁵⁴	†	†	†	†	109,026	56,357	40,517	20,697	20,822	7,487	1,462	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	139,281	66,951	47,878	24,305	24,045	8,453	1,622	---	---	---
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission³¹	4,105	1,751	---	2,286	2,464	7,471	17,062	25,027	21,525	12,762	10,353	13,243	11,199	23,887	28,167	5,780	---	3,723	3,148	8,875	20,162	29,389	24,858	14,409	11,485	14,417	11,857	23,887
National Endowment for the Humanities	3,349	56,451	50,938	28,395	47,949	39,824	42,900	45,979	25,279	20,768	25,035	32,960	34,660	37,567	22,979	186,358	106,151	46,246	61,254	47,310	50,694	53,994	29,192	23,448	27,771	35,883	36,695	37,567
National Science Foundation	42,000	64,583	161,884	389,000	618,830	892,600	932,980	935,200	994,800	838,920	985,120	996,400	1,007,130	1,014,720	288,185	213,204	337,355	633,548	790,555	1,060,396	1,102,482	1,098,214	1,148,806	947,170	1,092,782	1,084,750	1,066,276	1,014,720
Science and engineering education programs	37,000	64,583	161,884	389,000	618,830	892,600	932,980	935,200	994,800	838,920	985,120	996,400	1,007,130	1,014,720	253,877	213,204	337,355	633,548	790,555	1,060,396	1,102,482	1,098,214	1,148,806	947,170	1,092,782	1,084,750	1,066,276	1,014,720
Sea Grant Program⁴³	5,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	34,308	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,444,497	5,146,634	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security postsecondary students' benefits^36,55	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,444,497	5,146,634	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Information Agency⁵⁶	8,423	51,095	181,172	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	57,795	168,677	377,550	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural affairs⁵⁰	†	49,546	35,862	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	163,563	74,734	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural exchange programs⁵⁷	†	†	145,307	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	302,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational exchange activities, international	†	1,549	3	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	5,114	6	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Information center and library activities	8,423	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	57,795	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other programs
Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation	†	†	1,033	3,000	4,000	3,000	2,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	4,000	3,000	4,000	†	†	2,153	4,886	5,110	3,564	2,363	3,523	3,464	3,387	3,328	4,355	3,176	4,000
Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia⁵⁸	5,513	13,143	14,637	11,493	20,450	37,538	42,324	42,169	38,936	29,068	39,069	38,549	38,625	38,688	37,828	43,388	30,502	18,718	26,125	44,595	50,013	49,519	44,964	32,819	43,339	41,967	40,893	38,688
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation	†	-1,895	2,883	3,000	2,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	†	-6,256	6,008	4,886	2,555	1,188	1,182	1,174	1,155	1,129	1,109	2,177	2,117	2,000
Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development	†	†	4,305	2,000	8,000	9,000	9,000	12,000	12,000	15,000	10,000	10,000	11,000	11,000	†	†	8,971	3,257	10,220	10,692	10,635	14,092	13,858	16,936	11,093	10,887	11,646	11,000
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation	†	†	191	7,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	†	†	398	11,401	2,555	2,376	2,363	2,349	2,310	2,258	2,219	2,177	2,117	2,000
Other education	$964,719	$1,548,730	$3,383,031	$5,809,048	$9,212,228	$9,435,306	$9,464,840	$9,600,541	$9,643,170	$9,565,623	$9,880,277	$12,782,654	$11,606,178	$10,790,533	$6,619,465	$5,112,730	$7,049,997	$9,460,958	$11,768,617	$11,209,004	$11,184,391	$11,274,005	$11,136,042	$10,799,926	$10,960,079	$13,916,085	$12,287,773	$10,790,533
Department of Education³	630,235	747,706	2,251,801	3,223,355	5,062,693	5,440,500	5,459,226	5,475,432	5,503,301	5,673,811	5,764,357	8,909,121	7,417,118	6,531,426	4,324,387	2,468,357	4,692,594	5,249,746	6,467,588	6,463,234	6,451,046	6,429,851	6,355,274	6,405,933	6,394,336	9,699,088	7,852,702	6,531,426
Administration	47,456	187,317	328,293	458,054	1,531,232	1,971,955	1,965,715	2,150,110	2,176,610	2,287,086	2,295,086	2,391,943	2,477,943	2,628,350	325,622	618,378	684,139	746,014	1,956,148	2,342,653	2,322,842	2,524,894	2,513,574	2,582,201	2,545,913	2,604,035	2,623,465	2,628,350
Libraries⁵⁹	108,284	129,127	137,264	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	742,996	426,279	286,048	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Rehabilitative services and disability research⁶⁰	473,091	426,886	1,780,360	2,755,468	3,506,861	3,442,749	3,466,393	3,298,965	3,301,089	3,359,237	3,438,826	3,534,747	3,604,744	3,862,645	3,246,136	1,409,253	3,710,144	4,487,717	4,480,013	4,089,935	4,096,160	3,874,005	3,812,135	3,792,697	3,814,651	3,848,171	3,816,439	3,862,645
American Printing House for the Blind	1,404	4,349	5,736	9,368	24,600	24,456	24,931	25,431	25,431	27,431	30,431	32,431	34,431	40,431	9,634	14,357	11,953	15,257	31,426	29,053	29,460	29,864	29,368	30,971	33,757	35,307	36,453	40,431
Trust funds and contributions	0	27	148	465	0	1,340	2,187	926	171	57	14	0	0	0	0	89	308	757	0	1,592	2,584	1,087	197	64	16	0	0	0
Governor’s Emergency Education Relief⁶¹																												0
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,950,000	†	†														0
Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act⁹	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,300,000	†														0
Department of Agriculture	135,637	271,112	352,511	444,477	565,423	542,026	511,526	533,726	532,843	537,061	567,841	618,057	632,447	639,947	930,680	895,006	734,608	723,901	722,328	643,919	604,459	626,759	615,333	606,361	629,900	672,860	669,589	639,947
Extension Service	131,734	263,584	337,907	424,174	543,423	518,026	487,526	509,726	508,843	513,061	541,841	589,057	603,447	610,947	903,899	870,154	704,174	690,835	694,223	615,407	576,099	598,576	587,618	579,264	601,058	641,288	638,886	610,947
National Agricultural Library	3,903	7,528	14,604	20,303	22,000	24,000	24,000	24,000	24,000	24,000	26,000	29,000	29,000	29,000	26,781	24,852	30,434	33,067	28,105	28,512	28,360	28,183	27,715	27,097	28,842	31,571	30,703	29,000
Department of Commerce	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	8,412	8,184	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Maritime Administration⁴⁴
Training for private sector employees	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	8,412	8,184	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	24,273	37,819	77,962	214,000	339,716	327,723	336,939	394,664	394,664	406,943	444,497	459,411	460,083	466,787	166,550	124,850	162,467	348,533	433,987	389,330	398,153	463,458	455,762	459,453	493,075	500,147	487,102	466,787
National Library of Medicine	24,273	37,819	77,962	214,000	339,716	327,723	336,939	394,664	394,664	406,943	444,497	459,411	460,083	466,787	166,550	124,850	162,467	348,533	433,987	389,330	398,153	463,458	455,762	459,453	493,075	500,147	487,102	466,787
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	341,100	258,730	258,338	244,480	243,994	240,871	254,000	351,170	340,348	355,636	†	†	†	†	435,755	307,367	305,272	287,095	281,767	271,952	281,759	382,308	360,336	355,636
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center⁶²	†	†	†	†	323,000	258,730	258,338	244,480	243,994	240,871	254,000	351,170	340,348	355,636	†	†	†	†	412,632	307,367	305,272	287,095	281,767	271,952	281,759	382,308	360,336	355,636
Estimated disaster relief⁶³	†	†	†	†	18,100	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	23,123	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Department of Justice	5,546	27,642	26,920	48,659	47,864	41,718	37,497	45,086	41,333	7,623	7,623	8,023	8,210	14,600	38,054	91,253	56,099	79,249	61,147	49,560	44,310	52,945	47,732	8,607	8,456	8,734	8,692	14,600
Federal Bureau of Investigation National Academy	2,066	7,234	6,028	22,479	19,443	21,291	8,956	9,318	8,804	---	---	---	---	---	14,176	23,881	12,562	36,611	24,838	25,293	10,583	10,942	10,167	---	---	---	---	---
Federal Bureau of Investigation Field Police Academy	2,500	7,715	10,548	11,962	14,120	8,804	19,914	22,538	21,291	---	---	---	---	---	17,154	25,469	21,981	19,482	18,039	10,459	23,531	26,467	24,587	---	---	---	---	---
Narcotics and dangerous drug training	980	2,416	850	286	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	6,724	7,976	1,771	466	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Institute of Corrections	†	10,277	9,494	13,932	14,301	11,623	8,628	13,230	11,238	7,623	7,623	8,023	8,210	14,600	†	33,927	19,785	22,690	18,270	13,808	10,196	15,536	12,978	8,607	8,456	8,734	8,692	14,600
Department of State	20,672	25,000	47,539	69,349	143,520	267,930	276,005	265,184	264,549	268,092	262,246	284,076	291,657	291,774	141,842	82,531	99,068	112,946	183,347	318,297	326,149	311,408	305,504	302,685	290,907	309,265	308,785	291,774
Foreign Service Institute	15,857	25,000	47,539	69,349	120,520	251,230	259,305	248,484	247,881	251,392	245,546	267,376	271,957	272,074	108,804	82,531	99,068	112,946	153,964	298,458	306,415	291,797	286,256	283,830	272,381	291,084	287,928	272,074
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange⁵⁰	4,815	†	†	---	23,000	16,700	16,700	16,700	16,668	16,700	16,700	16,700	19,700	19,700	33,038	†	†	---	29,382	19,839	19,734	19,611	19,248	18,855	18,525	18,181	20,857	19,700
Department of Transportation	3,964	10,212	1,507	700	146	---	---	1,000	---	---	---	---	---	---	27,199	33,712	3,140	1,140	187	---	---	1,174	---	---	---	---	---	---
Highways training and education grants	2,418	3,412	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	16,591	11,264	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Maritime Administration⁴⁴
Training for private sector employees	†	†	1,507	700	146	---	---	1,000	---	---	---	---	---	---	†	†	3,140	1,140	187	---	---	1,174	---	---	---	---	---	---
Urban mass transportation--managerial training grants	1,546	500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	10,608	1,651	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Aviation Administration
Second-Career Training Program for air traffic controllers⁶⁴	---	6,300	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	---	20,798	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	18	14,584	41,488	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	124	48,145	86,458	135,179	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center⁶²	18	14,584	41,488	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	124	48,145	86,458	135,179	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
ACTION⁶⁵	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	9,352	17,655	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education funds	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	9,352	17,655	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development (USAID)	88,034	99,707	170,371	299,000	542,700	576,439	598,000	605,411	639,143	404,930	454,430	---	---	---	604,049	329,157	355,041	486,969	693,299	684,801	706,643	710,940	738,090	457,180	504,094	---	---	---
Education and human resources	61,570	80,518	142,801	299,000	542,700	576,439	589,900	599,211	634,143	376,930	424,430	---	---	---	422,465	265,809	297,587	486,969	693,299	684,801	697,072	703,659	732,316	425,567	470,815	---	---	---
American schools and hospitals abroad	26,464	19,189	27,570	---	---	---	8,100	6,200	5,000	28,000	30,000	---	---	---	181,584	63,348	57,454	---	---	---	9,572	7,281	5,774	31,613	33,279	---	---	---
Appalachian Regional Commission³¹	572	8,124	†	2,369	1,620	2,439	5,045	12,281	9,707	7,462	22,731	14,563	16,735	36,113	3,925	26,819	†	3,858	2,070	2,897	5,962	14,422	11,210	8,425	25,215	15,854	17,718	36,113
Corporation for National and Community Service⁶⁵	†	†	†	696,545	857,021	756,849	758,349	787,929	736,029	736,029	786,629	806,529	843,115	865,409	†	†	†	1,134,434	1,094,844	899,125	896,124	925,272	849,975	831,003	872,599	878,044	892,628	865,409
Federal Emergency Management Agency⁶⁶	290	281	215	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,990	928	448	24,257	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated architect/engineer student development program	40	31	200	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	274	102	417	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated other training programs⁶⁷	250	250	15	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,715	825	31	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated disaster relief⁶³	---	---	---	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	---	---	---	24,257	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General Services Administration	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	101,379	114,883	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Libraries and other archival activities⁶⁸	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	101,379	114,883	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Institute of Museum and Library Services⁵⁹	†	†	†	166,000	282,251	226,860	227,860	230,000	230,000	229,000	242,000	252,000	452,000	292,000	†	†	†	270,357	360,576	269,506	269,257	270,091	265,607	258,549	268,448	274,345	478,545	292,000
Japanese-United States Friendship Commission	†	2,294	2,299	3,000	2,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	2,000	†	7,573	4,791	4,886	2,555	3,564	3,545	3,523	3,464	3,387	3,328	3,266	3,176	2,000
Library of Congress	29,478	151,871	189,827	299,000	510,877	455,760	464,449	469,547	500,915	510,412	524,642	551,892	583,217	618,338	202,265	501,363	395,586	486,969	652,645	541,436	548,829	551,393	578,462	576,273	581,979	600,828	617,468	618,338
Salaries and expenses	20,700	102,364	148,985	247,000	441,934	406,752	414,201	419,477	450,667	459,095	472,210	495,880	523,654	557,111	142,034	337,928	310,474	402,279	564,570	483,215	489,452	492,596	520,435	518,334	523,817	539,849	554,407	557,111
National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped	6,195	31,436	37,473	46,000	68,943	49,008	50,248	50,070	50,248	51,317	52,432	56,012	59,563	61,227	42,507	103,778	78,091	74,918	88,075	58,221	59,377	58,798	58,027	57,939	58,162	60,979	63,061	61,227
Special foreign currency program	2,273	3,492	10	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	15,596	11,528	21	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Furniture and furnishings	310	14,579	3,359	6,000	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	2,127	48,129	7,000	9,772	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	350	882	3,300	6,800	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	2,402	2,912	6,877	11,075	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Aerospace Education Services Project	350	882	3,300	6,800	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	2,402	2,912	6,877	11,075	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
National Archives and Records Administration	†	†	77,397	121,879	339,000	386,630	381,730	389,073	392,956	393,960	403,212	377,823	397,823	476,543	†	†	161,290	198,499	433,072	459,311	451,082	456,892	453,790	444,795	447,278	411,324	421,186	476,543
Libraries and other archival activities⁶⁸	†	†	77,397	121,879	339,000	386,630	381,730	389,073	392,956	393,960	403,212	377,823	397,823	476,543	†	†	161,290	198,499	433,072	459,311	451,082	456,892	453,790	444,795	447,278	411,324	421,186	476,543
National Commission on Libraries and Information Science⁶⁹	†	2,090	3,281	2,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	6,900	6,837	3,257	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Endowment for the Arts³²	340	231	936	4,046	2,883	4,502	3,732	3,868	4,030	3,681	2,548	2,936	3,359	4,584	2,333	763	1,951	6,589	3,683	5,348	4,410	4,542	4,654	4,156	2,826	3,196	3,556	4,584
National Endowment for the Humanities	5,090	85,805	89,706	70,807	94,580	77,528	77,073	75,734	74,369	69,917	66,569	63,065	66,584	69,943	34,925	283,263	186,941	115,321	120,826	92,102	91,075	88,935	85,882	78,939	73,844	68,657	70,494	69,943
Smithsonian Institution	2,461	5,153	5,779	25,764	28,814	28,796	29,979	27,779	27,538	28,070	28,060	28,840	31,322	36,748	16,886	17,011	12,043	41,961	36,810	34,209	35,426	32,621	31,801	31,692	31,127	31,397	33,161	36,748
Museum programs and related research	2,261	3,254	690	18,000	17,707	18,182	19,479	17,279	17,138	20,596	20,586	20,701	23,111	22,653	15,514	10,742	1,438	29,316	22,621	21,600	23,018	20,291	19,791	23,254	22,836	22,537	24,468	22,653
National Gallery of Art Extension Service	200	426	474	764	107	114	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	1,372	1,406	988	1,244	137	135	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars	†	1,473	4,615	7,000	11,000	10,500	10,500	10,500	10,400	7,474	7,474	8,139	8,211	14,095	†	4,863	9,617	11,401	14,052	12,474	12,408	12,330	12,010	8,438	8,291	8,861	8,693	14,095
United States Information Agency⁵⁶
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange⁵⁰	†	15,115	20,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	49,898	42,460	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Institute of Peace	†	†	7,621	13,000	49,000	37,000	35,000	35,300	37,884	37,884	38,634	45,000	45,000	54,000	†	†	15,882	21,173	62,597	43,955	41,359	41,453	43,749	42,772	42,856	48,990	47,643	54,000
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid for the District of Columbia	1,758	2,990	3,724	404	1,020	876	1,092	1,047	6,915	6,877	7,258	7,148	14,160	34,685	12,063	9,871	7,761	658	1,303	1,041	1,290	1,230	7,986	7,764	8,051	7,782	14,992	34,685
Research programs at universities and related institutions⁷⁰	$2,283,641	$5,801,204	$12,606,035	$21,660,134	$36,993,306	$32,203,636	$32,390,891	$33,556,398	$34,667,794	$38,039,926	$41,173,062	$45,227,373	$46,633,444	$41,581,655	$15,669,310	$19,151,170	$26,270,084	$35,276,969	$47,258,929	$38,257,445	$38,275,595	$39,405,590	$40,034,761	$42,948,417	$45,672,809	$49,237,662	$49,372,080	$41,581,655
Department of Education^4,71	87,823	78,742	89,483	116,464	659,006	576,935	573,935	618,015	605,267	613,462	615,462	623,462	642,462	737,021	602,602	259,946	186,476	189,680	841,880	685,390	678,206	725,741	698,969	692,620	682,725	678,744	680,192	737,021
Department of Agriculture	64,796	216,405	348,109	553,600	737,200	697,900	758,200	751,600	824,069	858,400	911,200	883,700	1,093,000	1,190,000	444,601	714,405	725,435	901,626	941,773	829,095	895,948	882,611	951,644	969,164	1,010,784	962,057	1,157,188	1,190,000
Department of Commerce	4,487	48,295	50,523	110,775	303,000	275,521	272,897	272,936	310,300	311,600	345,800	318,000	411,800	483,000	30,788	159,433	105,286	180,415	387,082	327,315	322,476	320,511	358,338	351,807	383,592	346,197	435,984	483,000
Department of Defense	356,188	644,455	1,871,864	1,891,710	3,154,300	2,788,700	2,766,500	2,791,777	2,785,653	3,317,900	3,743,366	4,988,000	4,992,900	4,778,000	2,444,001	2,127,501	3,900,832	3,080,950	4,029,617	3,312,934	3,269,112	3,278,410	3,216,903	3,746,026	4,152,473	5,430,284	5,286,117	4,778,000
Department of Energy	548,327	1,470,224	2,520,885	3,577,004	3,402,600	3,288,681	3,484,388	3,680,701	3,690,688	4,417,406	4,611,059	5,062,811	4,954,223	1,765,033	3,762,372	4,853,563	5,253,346	5,825,719	4,346,820	3,906,904	4,117,424	4,322,282	4,262,048	4,987,407	5,114,995	5,511,728	5,245,169	1,765,033
Department of Health and Human Services	623,765	2,087,053	4,902,714	10,491,641	21,796,200	17,305,391	16,897,088	17,747,794	18,454,700	19,962,300	21,684,768	23,948,600	24,667,369	24,637,700	4,279,993	6,889,864	10,216,909	17,087,304	27,844,634	20,558,549	19,966,914	20,841,400	21,311,696	22,538,140	24,054,666	26,072,111	26,116,006	24,637,700
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	152,800	77,173	79,300	48,000	52,100	46,800	29,400	34,000	36,700	55,000	†	†	†	†	195,202	91,681	93,707	56,367	60,166	52,839	32,613	37,015	38,855	55,000
Department of Housing and Urban Development	510	5,314	118	1,400	400	100	1,100	500	1,200	3,000	1,600	†	†	†	3,499	17,543	246	2,280	511	119	1,300	587	1,386	3,387	1,775	†	†	†
Department of the Interior	18,521	42,175	49,790	47,200	84,200	76,822	59,200	54,100	53,200	51,000	63,600	81,100	71,500	107,000	127,083	139,230	103,759	76,873	107,565	91,263	69,955	63,530	61,436	57,581	70,551	88,291	75,699	107,000
Department of Justice	1,945	9,189	6,858	19,400	34,600	55,300	54,600	79,500	63,800	53,500	54,600	46,300	37,000	36,000	13,346	30,335	14,292	31,596	44,201	65,696	64,520	93,358	73,677	60,403	60,567	50,405	39,173	36,000
Department of Labor	3,567	12,938	5,893	12,900	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	24,475	42,711	12,281	21,010	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of State	8,220	188	1,519	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	56,402	621	3,165	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	12,328	31,910	28,608	55,866	70,100	71,200	80,400	65,514	70,500	116,400	157,500	276,100	163,600	182,000	84,589	105,343	59,617	90,987	89,553	84,585	95,007	76,934	81,414	131,420	174,713	300,582	173,208	182,000
Department of the Treasury	†	226	227	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	746	473	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	518	1,600	2,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,554	5,282	4,793	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	†	77,063	79,415	33,500	15,200	17,600	50,000	51,700	49,100	56,100	57,700	51,000	15,000	15,000	†	254,404	165,495	54,560	19,418	20,909	59,084	60,712	56,701	63,339	64,006	55,522	15,881	15,000
Environmental Protection Agency	19,446	41,083	87,481	98,900	54,700	86,100	68,600	56,600	51,500	51,400	52,500	52,700	40,000	42,000	133,430	135,625	182,304	161,074	69,879	102,286	81,063	66,466	59,473	58,032	58,238	57,373	42,349	42,000
Federal Emergency Management Agency⁶⁶	†	1,665	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	5,497	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	258,016	254,629	1,090,003	2,071,030	1,585,500	2,287,755	2,355,450	2,522,132	2,683,000	2,894,900	3,242,500	3,345,300	3,421,675	1,242,000	1,770,389	840,592	2,271,489	3,373,001	2,025,475	2,717,819	2,783,383	2,961,763	3,098,359	3,268,444	3,596,868	3,641,926	3,622,619	1,242,000
National Science Foundation	253,628	743,809	1,427,007	2,566,244	4,914,700	4,584,258	4,875,532	4,800,429	4,961,318	5,271,059	5,587,507	5,500,300	6,067,015	6,294,901	1,740,280	2,455,492	2,973,782	4,179,536	6,278,527	5,446,031	5,761,308	5,637,188	5,729,386	5,951,211	6,198,158	5,988,009	6,423,312	6,294,901
Nuclear Regulatory Commission	†	32,590	42,328	12,200	14,500	9,400	8,000	8,000	5,900	6,000	4,600	6,500	13,200	10,000	†	107,587	88,209	19,870	18,524	11,167	9,453	9,394	6,813	6,774	5,103	7,076	13,975	10,000
Office of Economic Opportunity³³	20,035	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	137,471	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency⁷²	100	661	25	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	686	2,182	52	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies⁷³	1,421	990	885	300	14,300	4,800	5,700	7,100	5,500	8,700	9,900	9,500	6,000	7,000	9,750	3,268	1,844	489	18,268	5,702	6,736	8,338	6,351	9,823	10,982	10,342	6,352	7,000
---Not available.
†Not applicable.
¹Data adjusted by the federal budget composite deflator, as reported in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget's Budget of the U.S. Government, Historical Tables, Fiscal Year 2024.
²Excludes federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Benefits are excluded because data before FY 1990 are not available. This program has existed since Medicare began but was not available as a separate budget item until FY 1990.
³The U.S. Department of Education was created in May 1980. It formerly was the Office of Education in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
⁴Includes funds used to support school districts with concentrations of children who reside on Indian lands, military bases, low-rent housing properties, and other federal properties or who have parents who are in the uniformed services or are employed on eligible federal properties.
⁵Includes many School Improvement Programs, Safe Schools and Citizenship Education, and the Office of Innovation and Improvement.
⁶Includes funding for the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act and the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act.
⁷Included the School-to-Work Opportunities program, which initiated a national system to be administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor. Programs in the Education Reform program were transferred to the school improvement programs or discontinued in FY 2002.
⁸Under the Hurricane Education Recovery Act, short-term funds were provided in 2010 to assist schools and students displaced by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Similar funds were provided in 2018 to assist schools and school districts in meeting the education needs of students affected by Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria and the 2017 California wildfires.
⁹The CARES Act was enacted in FY 2020, and the CRRSA Act and ARP Act were enacted in FY 2021.
¹⁰Starting with FY 1994, funds for the Special Milk Program are included in child nutrition programs.
¹¹Authorized under the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-171), the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program carries out preschool and school feeding programs in foreign countries.
¹²These commodities are purchased under Section 32 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1935 (Public Law 74-320) for use in child nutrition programs.
¹³Assisted in the construction of public facilities, such as vocational schools, through grants or loans. No funds have been appropriated for this program since FY 1977, and it was completely phased out in FY 1984.
¹⁴The Department of Defense Domestic Dependent Elementary and Secondary Schools (DDESS) program supports students in military communities in the United States, Guam, and Puerto Rico.
¹⁵Established in 1979, with funds first appropriated in FY 1980.
¹⁶Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. In FY 1972, program funds were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (later the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Today, the program is housed within the Administration for Children and Families within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
¹⁷Created by the Family Support Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-485) to provide funds for the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program. In 1997, AFDC was incorporated into the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program.
¹⁸Transferred from the U.S. Department of Transportation to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March 2003.
¹⁹Data for 2014 through 2022 are estimated.
²⁰Provides funding for supplemental programs for eligible American Indian students in public schools.
²¹Beginning in 2012, funding for advanced occupational education programs and vocational training education is included in inmate programs.
²²Finances the cost of education courses for inmates in federal prisons.
²³Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. Transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972.
²⁴Some of the work and training programs were in the Office of Economic Opportunity and were transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972. From FY 1994 through FY 2001, included the School-to-Work Opportunities program, which was administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor.
²⁵Includes funding for some programs that may not be categorized as elementary/secondary education, such as various worker education programs.
²⁶Established in FY 1972 and closed in FY 1986.
²⁷Provided educational assistance allowances in order to restore lost educational opportunities to those individuals whose careers were interrupted or impeded by active military service between January 31, 1955, and January 1, 1977.
²⁸This program is in the Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 31, and covers the costs of subsistence, tuition, books, supplies, and equipment for disabled veterans requiring vocational rehabilitation.
²⁹This program is in the Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 35, and provides benefits to children and spouses of veterans.
³⁰Appropriations began for this program in 1995 and ended in 2001.
³¹Funding for education for the Appalachian Regional Commission is sorted by the type of grantee (e.g., local education agency, institution of higher education) as opposed to how the funding is actually used.
³²"Elementary/secondary" obligations for FYs 2014 through 2022 include those items that impact elementary and secondary (K–12) students and are standards based. "Other education" obligations include all other arts education items not meeting the terms of "elementary/secondary." Data for 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 exclude funding awarded to State Arts Agencies and Regional Arts Organizations on partnership agreements that is sub-granted for education-related projects.
³³The Office of Economic Opportunity was dissolved in 1981.
³⁴Most of these programs were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, in FY 1972.
³⁵Transferred to the ACTION Agency in FY 1972.
³⁶The Social Security Administration was formerly part of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, which became the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in 1980. In 1994, the Social Security Administration became an independent agency.
³⁷Benefits typically terminate at age 18 unless a child is still a full-time elementary or secondary student. In that case, benefits continue until the child graduates or until 2 months after reaching age 19, whichever comes first. Disabled children are also eligible to receive benefits after age 18.
³⁸Under the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program (commonly referred to as the Direct Loan Program), the federal government uses Treasury funds to provide loan capital directly to schools, which then disburse loan funds to students.
³⁹The U.S. Department of Education periodically reestimates the subsidy costs of the Direct Loan Program and Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program to reflect changes in collection and technical assumptions or other changing circumstances. In 2022, the net upward reestimates were $13.0 billion for the Direct Loan Program and $9.8 billion for the FFEL program. In 2022, there was a large increase in the appropriations of upward modification of existing loans.
⁴⁰The Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program eliminated the authorization to originate new FFEL loans after June 30, 2010; all new loans are originated through the Direct Loan Program. The FFEL Program made loan capital available to students and their families through private lenders. State and private nonprofit guaranty agencies administer the federal guarantee protecting FFEL lenders against losses related to borrower default. These agencies also collect on defaulted loans and provide other services to lenders.
⁴¹Transferred from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to the U.S. Department of Education when it was established in 1980.
⁴²In FY 2021, includes $1,695,000,000 for the modification of existing loan subsidies for loan forgiveness.
⁴³Transferred from the National Science Foundation to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the U.S. Department of Commerce in October 1970.
⁴⁴Transferred from the U.S. Department of Commerce to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1981.
⁴⁵Includes special education programs (military and civilian); legal education programs; flight training; advanced degree programs; college degree programs (officers); and Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship programs.
⁴⁶Does not include Health Education Assistance Loans (HEAL).
⁴⁷Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs are included starting in FY 1992.
⁴⁸Beginning in FY 1992, data were included in the National Institutes of Health training grants program.
⁴⁹This program closed in FY 2004.
⁵⁰Transferred from the U.S. Department of State to the United States Information Agency in 1977, then transferred back to the U.S. Department of State when the United States Information Agency was dissolved in 1999.
⁵¹In FY 2014, the Regional Graduate Fellowship program was consolidated with the Fulbright Program.
⁵²In FY 2019 and 2020, includes $300 million for the National Security Multi-Mission Vessel (NSMV) program. In FY 2021, includes $390 million for the NSMV program. In FY 2022, includes $381 million for the NSMV program.
⁵³Chapter 33 was enacted in the Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-252).
⁵⁴Part of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2005 (Public Law 108-375), enacted October 28, 2004. The Reserve Education Assistance Program (REAP) provides educational assistance to members of the National Guard and Reserves who serve on active duty in support of a contingency operation under federal authority on or after September 11, 2001. The National Defense Authorization Act of 2016 phased out REAP in November 2019.
⁵⁵Postsecondary student benefits were ended by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-35) and were completely phased out by August 1985.
⁵⁶Dissolved in 1999; functions were transferred to the U.S. Department of State and the newly created Broadcasting Board of Governors.
⁵⁷Included in the Educational and Cultural Affairs program in FYs 1980 through 1983; became an independent program in FY 1984.
⁵⁸Includes funding for higher education financial services and preparation programs.
⁵⁹Transferred from the U.S. Department of Education to the Institute of Museum and Library Services when the Institute became an independent agency in 1996.
⁶⁰FY 2015 and earlier years include funding for the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. In 2015, this agency was renamed the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research and was integrated into the Administration for Community Living (ACL) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
⁶¹The Governor’s Emergency Education Relief applies to elementary and secondary spending and postsecondary education.
⁶²Transferred from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003.
⁶³The disaster relief program repairs and replaces damaged and destroyed school buildings. The Federal Emergency Management Agency, which administers this program, was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.
⁶⁴The Second-Career Training Program for air traffic controllers was canceled in 1996.
⁶⁵The National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-82) merged two agencies (ACTION and the Commission on National and Community Service) to establish the Corporation for National and Community Service. In 2020, this organization rebranded as AmeriCorps, although it has retained Commission on National and Community Service as its official name.
⁶⁶The Federal Emergency Management Agency was created in 1979, representing a combination of existing agencies. The funds for the Federal Emergency Management Agency in FY 1970 were in other agencies. This agency was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.
⁶⁷These programs include the Fall-Out Shelter Analysis, Blast Protection Design, through FY 1992. Starting in FY 1993, earthquake training and safety for teachers and administrators for grades 1 through 12 are included.
⁶⁸Transferred from the General Services Administration to the National Archives and Records Administration in April 1985.
⁶⁹The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-161) transferred the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science to the Institute of Museum and Library Services in 2008.
⁷⁰Data prior to FY 2022 include federal obligations for research and development centers and R&D plant administered by colleges and universities. However, data for this funding are not available for FY 2022. Data for FY 2022 are estimated.
⁷¹FY 1970 includes outlays for the Research and Training program. FY 1980 includes outlays for the National Institute of Education program. Amounts for FYs 1990 and 2000 are outlays for the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Amounts for FY 2010 and later years are appropriations for the Institute of Education Sciences.
⁷²The U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency was integrated into the U.S. Department of State in 1999.
⁷³Other agencies include the Appalachian Regional