Total expenditures of private nonprofit degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by purpose and level of institution: Selected fiscal years, 1999-2000 through 2021-22

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Table 334.30.Total expenditures of private nonprofit degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by purpose and level of institution: Selected fiscal years, 1999-2000 through 2021-22
Level of institution and year	Total	Instruction¹	Research²	Public service³	Academic support⁴	Student services⁵	Institutional support⁶	Auxiliary enterprises⁷	Net grant aid to students⁸	Hospital services⁹	Independent operations¹⁰	Other¹¹
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
	In thousands of current dollars
All levels
1999-2000	$80,613,037	$26,012,599	$8,381,926	$1,446,958	$6,510,951	$5,688,499	$10,585,850	$8,300,021	$1,180,882	$7,355,110	$2,753,679	$2,396,563
2008-09	141,363,564	46,456,178	15,264,804	2,298,520	12,585,948	11,016,097	19,403,346	13,713,701	754,752	11,930,840	5,158,480	2,780,898
2009-10	145,115,244	47,566,210	16,221,823	2,090,243	12,953,023	11,422,737	19,438,608	13,890,396	826,379	13,174,405	5,154,851	2,376,569
2010-11	152,501,429	49,759,574	17,362,082	2,255,075	13,601,137	12,198,263	20,214,683	14,460,084	759,683	14,239,347	5,376,016	2,275,486
2011-12	159,831,378	52,163,647	17,483,157	2,333,298	14,215,689	12,881,102	21,175,119	14,948,315	845,525	15,474,737	5,450,038	2,860,752

2012-13	165,515,671	54,296,267	17,597,379	2,317,116	14,924,886	13,692,561	21,766,760	15,349,949	844,435	16,726,819	5,437,783	2,561,716
2013-14	172,529,736	56,711,775	17,736,647	2,459,956	15,454,493	14,555,421	22,623,170	15,984,991	867,482	17,377,766	5,693,990	3,064,047
2014-15	181,419,541	58,769,788	18,310,027	2,636,019	15,557,155	15,421,897	23,845,927	16,358,009	887,495	20,529,450	6,063,555	3,040,219
2015-16	188,689,819	60,227,646	18,386,969	2,730,335	16,011,794	16,061,062	24,829,855	16,723,913	914,001	21,267,887	6,192,792	5,343,565
2016-17	197,171,304	62,161,805	21,059,795	2,890,409	16,261,179	16,868,202	25,517,409	17,224,876	942,542	24,090,294	5,810,625	4,344,168

2017-18	206,730,257	63,472,219	21,878,386	3,092,058	17,980,517	17,577,904	26,533,678	17,827,537	986,591	26,496,768	6,294,807	4,589,791
2018-19	218,906,174	66,184,827	22,671,075	3,130,678	19,172,359	18,404,597	27,480,171	17,364,313	915,764	30,628,140	7,004,778	5,949,473
2019-20	222,981,397	67,239,196	23,190,869	3,186,289	19,481,476	18,570,339	27,872,972	16,588,891	1,063,420	32,660,569	6,943,890	6,183,485
2020-21	222,846,848	64,620,054	24,038,530	3,210,883	19,322,972	18,145,512	28,589,999	15,794,706	1,196,301	34,775,355	6,839,700	6,312,837
2021-22	245,813,862	68,338,058	26,660,792	3,377,145	20,825,923	21,117,236	30,453,609	18,177,728	1,505,522	39,814,140	8,595,300	6,948,408

4-year
1999-2000	79,699,659	25,744,199	8,376,568	1,438,544	6,476,338	5,590,978	10,398,914	8,228,409	1,162,570	7,355,110	2,752,019	2,176,011
2008-09	140,866,945	46,289,898	15,264,459	2,294,909	12,544,436	10,947,638	19,261,017	13,676,329	747,586	11,930,840	5,158,480	2,751,352
2009-10	144,624,598	47,400,673	16,221,238	2,085,201	12,910,113	11,353,608	19,303,251	13,855,994	819,196	13,174,405	5,154,851	2,346,068
2010-11	151,878,613	49,550,398	17,361,796	2,252,726	13,547,801	12,111,973	20,048,321	14,430,101	758,318	14,239,347	5,376,016	2,201,817
2011-12	159,245,924	51,959,761	17,482,484	2,331,249	14,164,326	12,795,619	21,024,665	14,924,702	843,453	15,474,737	5,450,038	2,794,891

2012-13	165,015,452	54,115,153	17,597,050	2,315,345	14,885,715	13,624,969	21,628,217	15,323,444	839,753	16,726,819	5,437,783	2,521,204
2013-14	171,974,051	56,513,597	17,736,254	2,458,223	15,405,771	14,462,852	22,499,365	15,953,094	863,119	17,377,766	5,693,990	3,010,020
2014-15	180,583,663	58,497,366	18,309,351	2,633,736	15,460,861	15,226,681	23,669,210	16,323,295	883,309	20,529,450	6,063,555	2,986,850
2015-16	187,829,392	59,962,885	18,386,002	2,728,006	15,907,072	15,846,653	24,654,441	16,684,252	910,455	21,267,887	6,192,792	5,288,945
2016-17	196,311,110	61,907,159	21,058,634	2,889,051	16,157,576	16,652,370	25,330,274	17,187,656	941,362	24,090,294	5,810,625	4,286,108

2017-18	205,944,488	63,251,494	21,877,641	3,090,693	17,882,465	17,362,130	26,355,068	17,797,476	985,036	26,496,768	6,294,807	4,550,909
2018-19	218,108,552	65,956,671	22,670,411	3,129,162	19,075,745	18,181,380	27,303,015	17,336,763	913,176	30,628,140	7,004,778	5,909,309
2019-20	222,213,877	67,023,620	23,190,145	3,185,071	19,391,019	18,351,469	27,703,593	16,564,112	1,060,498	32,660,569	6,943,890	6,139,889
2020-21	222,115,984	64,426,983	24,037,915	3,209,943	19,235,669	17,920,478	28,427,116	15,777,384	1,191,005	34,775,355	6,839,700	6,274,437
2021-22	245,072,087	68,149,750	26,660,181	3,375,720	20,732,735	20,896,969	30,283,520	18,157,768	1,500,173	39,814,140	8,595,300	6,905,830

2-year
1999-2000	913,378	268,400	5,358	8,415	34,612	97,521	186,936	71,612	18,311	0	1,660	220,553
2008-09	496,620	166,280	345	3,612	41,511	68,459	142,330	37,372	7,165	0	0	29,546
2009-10	490,645	165,538	585	5,041	42,909	69,129	135,357	34,402	7,183	0	0	30,502
2010-11	622,815	209,176	285	2,349	53,336	86,290	166,362	29,983	1,365	0	0	73,669
2011-12	585,454	203,885	673	2,049	51,363	85,483	150,455	23,613	2,072	0	0	65,861

2012-13	500,218	181,113	329	1,771	39,171	67,591	138,543	26,505	4,682	0	0	40,512
2013-14	555,685	198,178	393	1,732	48,722	92,569	123,804	31,897	4,364	0	0	54,027
2014-15	835,878	272,422	677	2,283	96,294	195,216	176,718	34,714	4,186	0	0	53,369
2015-16	860,427	264,761	967	2,329	104,722	214,409	175,414	39,660	3,546	0	0	54,620
2016-17	860,194	254,647	1,160	1,358	103,603	215,833	187,135	37,219	1,180	0	0	58,060

2017-18	785,770	220,725	745	1,366	98,052	215,774	178,610	30,061	1,555	0	0	38,882
2018-19	797,623	228,156	664	1,516	96,614	223,217	177,155	27,550	2,588	0	0	40,163
2019-20	767,521	215,576	724	1,218	90,456	218,871	169,379	24,778	2,921	0	0	43,597
2020-21	730,864	193,071	614	940	87,303	225,035	162,883	17,322	5,296	0	0	38,400
2021-22	741,775	188,307	611	1,425	93,188	220,267	170,088	19,960	5,349	0	0	42,579
	Percentage distribution
All levels
1999-2000	100.00	32.27	10.40	1.79	8.08	7.06	13.13	10.30	1.46	9.12	3.42	2.97
2008-09	100.00	32.86	10.80	1.63	8.90	7.79	13.73	9.70	0.53	8.44	3.65	1.97
2009-10	100.00	32.78	11.18	1.44	8.93	7.87	13.40	9.57	0.57	9.08	3.55	1.64
2010-11	100.00	32.63	11.38	1.48	8.92	8.00	13.26	9.48	0.50	9.34	3.53	1.49
2011-12	100.00	32.64	10.94	1.46	8.89	8.06	13.25	9.35	0.53	9.68	3.41	1.79

2012-13	100.00	32.80	10.63	1.40	9.02	8.27	13.15	9.27	0.51	10.11	3.29	1.55
2013-14	100.00	32.87	10.28	1.43	8.96	8.44	13.11	9.27	0.50	10.07	3.30	1.78
2014-15	100.00	32.39	10.09	1.45	8.58	8.50	13.14	9.02	0.49	11.32	3.34	1.68
2015-16	100.00	31.92	9.74	1.45	8.49	8.51	13.16	8.86	0.48	11.27	3.28	2.83
2016-17	100.00	31.53	10.68	1.47	8.25	8.56	12.94	8.74	0.48	12.22	2.95	2.20

2017-18	100.00	30.70	10.58	1.50	8.70	8.50	12.83	8.62	0.48	12.82	3.04	2.22
2018-19	100.00	30.23	10.36	1.43	8.76	8.41	12.55	7.93	0.42	13.99	3.20	2.72
2019-20	100.00	30.15	10.40	1.43	8.74	8.33	12.50	7.44	0.48	14.65	3.11	2.77
2020-21	100.00	29.00	10.79	1.44	8.67	8.14	12.83	7.09	0.54	15.61	3.07	2.83
2021-22	100.00	27.80	10.85	1.37	8.47	8.59	12.39	7.39	0.61	16.20	3.50	2.83

4-year
1999-2000	100.00	32.30	10.51	1.80	8.13	7.02	13.05	10.32	1.46	9.23	3.45	2.73
2008-09	100.00	32.86	10.84	1.63	8.91	7.77	13.67	9.71	0.53	8.47	3.66	1.95
2009-10	100.00	32.77	11.22	1.44	8.93	7.85	13.35	9.58	0.57	9.11	3.56	1.62
2010-11	100.00	32.63	11.43	1.48	8.92	7.97	13.20	9.50	0.50	9.38	3.54	1.45
2011-12	100.00	32.63	10.98	1.46	8.89	8.04	13.20	9.37	0.53	9.72	3.42	1.76

2012-13	100.00	32.79	10.66	1.40	9.02	8.26	13.11	9.29	0.51	10.14	3.30	1.53
2013-14	100.00	32.86	10.31	1.43	8.96	8.41	13.08	9.28	0.50	10.10	3.31	1.75
2014-15	100.00	32.39	10.14	1.46	8.56	8.43	13.11	9.04	0.49	11.37	3.36	1.65
2015-16	100.00	31.92	9.79	1.45	8.47	8.44	13.13	8.88	0.48	11.32	3.30	2.82
2016-17	100.00	31.54	10.73	1.47	8.23	8.48	12.90	8.76	0.48	12.27	2.96	2.18

2017-18	100.00	30.71	10.62	1.50	8.68	8.43	12.80	8.64	0.48	12.87	3.06	2.21
2018-19	100.00	30.24	10.39	1.43	8.75	8.34	12.52	7.95	0.42	14.04	3.21	2.71
2019-20	100.00	30.16	10.44	1.43	8.73	8.26	12.47	7.45	0.48	14.70	3.12	2.76
2020-21	100.00	29.01	10.82	1.45	8.66	8.07	12.80	7.10	0.54	15.66	3.08	2.82
2021-22	100.00	27.81	10.88	1.38	8.46	8.53	12.36	7.41	0.61	16.25	3.51	2.82

2-year
1999-2000	100.00	29.39	0.59	0.92	3.79	10.68	20.47	7.84	2.00	0	0.18	24.15
2008-09	100.00	33.48	0.07	0.73	8.36	13.78	28.66	7.53	1.44	0	0	5.95
2009-10	100.00	33.74	0.12	1.03	8.75	14.09	27.59	7.01	1.46	0	0	6.22
2010-11	100.00	33.59	0.05	0.38	8.56	13.85	26.71	4.81	0.22	0	0	11.83
2011-12	100.00	34.83	0.11	0.35	8.77	14.60	25.70	4.03	0.35	0	0	11.25

2012-13	100.00	36.21	0.07	0.35	7.83	13.51	27.70	5.30	0.94	0	0	8.10
2013-14	100.00	35.66	0.07	0.31	8.77	16.66	22.28	5.74	0.79	0	0	9.72
2014-15	100.00	32.59	0.08	0.27	11.52	23.35	21.14	4.15	0.50	0	0	6.38
2015-16	100.00	30.77	0.11	0.27	12.17	24.92	20.39	4.61	0.41	0	0	6.35
2016-17	100.00	29.60	0.13	0.16	12.04	25.09	21.75	4.33	0.14	0	0	6.75

2017-18	100.00	28.09	0.09	0.17	12.48	27.46	22.73	3.83	0.20	0	0	4.95
2018-19	100.00	28.60	0.08	0.19	12.11	27.99	22.21	3.45	0.32	0	0	5.04
2019-20	100.00	28.09	0.09	0.16	11.79	28.52	22.07	3.23	0.38	0	0	5.68
2020-21	100.00	26.42	0.08	0.13	11.95	30.79	22.29	2.37	0.72	0	0	5.25
2021-22	100.00	25.39	0.08	0.19	12.56	29.69	22.93	2.69	0.72	0	0	5.74
	Expenditure per full-time-equivalent student in constant 2022-23 dollars¹²
All levels
1999-2000	$56,206	$18,137	$5,844	$1,009	$4,540	$3,966	$7,381	$5,787	$823	$5,128	$1,920	$1,671
2008-09	64,050	21,049	6,916	1,041	5,703	4,991	8,791	6,214	342	5,406	2,337	1,260
2009-10	63,397	20,780	7,087	913	5,659	4,990	8,492	6,068	361	5,756	2,252	1,038
2010-11	62,930	20,533	7,165	931	5,613	5,034	8,342	5,967	313	5,876	2,218	939
2011-12	63,524	20,732	6,949	927	5,650	5,119	8,416	5,941	336	6,150	2,166	1,137

2012-13	63,971	20,985	6,801	896	5,768	5,292	8,413	5,933	326	6,465	2,102	990
2013-14	65,564	21,551	6,740	935	5,873	5,531	8,597	6,075	330	6,604	2,164	1,164
2014-15	67,442	21,848	6,807	980	5,783	5,733	8,865	6,081	330	7,632	2,254	1,130
2015-16	69,134	22,067	6,737	1,000	5,867	5,885	9,097	6,127	335	7,792	2,269	1,958
2016-17	70,445	22,209	7,524	1,033	5,810	6,027	9,117	6,154	337	8,607	2,076	1,552

2017-18	72,071	22,128	7,627	1,078	6,268	6,128	9,250	6,215	344	9,237	2,195	1,600
2018-19	73,787	22,309	7,642	1,055	6,462	6,204	9,263	5,853	309	10,324	2,361	2,005
2019-20	73,866	22,274	7,682	1,056	6,454	6,152	9,233	5,495	352	10,819	2,300	2,048
2020-21	73,104	21,198	7,886	1,053	6,339	5,953	9,379	5,181	392	11,408	2,244	2,071
2021-22	74,847	20,808	8,118	1,028	6,341	6,430	9,273	5,535	458	12,123	2,617	2,116

4-year
1999-2000	56,760	18,334	5,966	1,024	4,612	3,982	7,406	5,860	828	5,238	1,960	1,550
2008-09	64,368	21,152	6,975	1,049	5,732	5,002	8,801	6,249	342	5,452	2,357	1,257
2009-10	63,702	20,878	7,145	918	5,686	5,001	8,502	6,103	361	5,803	2,271	1,033
2010-11	63,346	20,667	7,241	940	5,651	5,052	8,362	6,019	316	5,939	2,242	918
2011-12	63,919	20,856	7,017	936	5,685	5,136	8,439	5,991	339	6,211	2,188	1,122

2012-13	64,316	21,092	6,859	902	5,802	5,310	8,430	5,972	327	6,519	2,119	983
2013-14	65,881	21,650	6,795	942	5,902	5,541	8,619	6,111	331	6,657	2,181	1,153
2014-15	68,030	22,037	6,898	992	5,824	5,736	8,917	6,149	333	7,734	2,284	1,125
2015-16	69,653	22,236	6,818	1,012	5,899	5,876	9,143	6,187	338	7,887	2,296	1,961
2016-17	70,993	22,388	7,615	1,045	5,843	6,022	9,160	6,216	340	8,712	2,101	1,550

2017-18	72,661	22,316	7,719	1,090	6,309	6,126	9,299	6,279	348	9,349	2,221	1,606
2018-19	74,375	22,491	7,731	1,067	6,505	6,200	9,310	5,912	311	10,444	2,389	2,015
2019-20	74,245	22,394	7,748	1,064	6,479	6,131	9,256	5,534	354	10,912	2,320	2,051
2020-21	73,467	21,310	7,951	1,062	6,362	5,927	9,403	5,219	394	11,502	2,262	2,075
2021-22	75,150	20,898	8,175	1,035	6,358	6,408	9,286	5,568	460	12,209	2,636	2,118

2-year
1999-2000	30,357	8,920	178	280	1,150	3,241	6,213	2,380	609	0	55	7,330
2008-09	26,698	8,939	19	194	2,232	3,680	7,652	2,009	385	0	0	1,588
2009-10	26,309	8,876	31	270	2,301	3,707	7,258	1,845	385	0	0	1,636
2010-11	24,204	8,129	11	91	2,073	3,353	6,465	1,165	53	0	0	2,863
2011-12	23,688	8,249	27	83	2,078	3,459	6,088	955	84	0	0	2,665

2012-13	23,117	8,370	15	82	1,810	3,124	6,403	1,225	216	0	0	1,872
2013-14	26,333	9,391	19	82	2,309	4,387	5,867	1,512	207	0	0	2,560
2014-15	23,525	7,667	19	64	2,710	5,494	4,974	977	118	0	0	1,502
2015-16	26,312	8,096	30	71	3,202	6,557	5,364	1,213	108	0	0	1,670
2016-17	25,515	7,553	34	40	3,073	6,402	5,551	1,104	35	0	0	1,722

2017-18	23,044	6,473	22	40	2,875	6,328	5,238	882	46	0	0	1,140
2018-19	23,326	6,672	19	44	2,825	6,528	5,181	806	76	0	0	1,175
2019-20	29,836	8,380	28	47	3,516	8,508	6,584	963	114	0	0	1,695
2020-21	29,184	7,710	25	38	3,486	8,986	6,504	692	211	0	0	1,533
2021-22	32,094	8,147	26	62	4,032	9,530	7,359	864	231	0	0	1,842
¹Expenses related to colleges, schools, departments, and other instructional divisions of the institution and expenses for departmental research and public service that are not separately budgeted. Includes expenses for both credit and non-credit activities. Excludes expenses for academic administration where the primary function is administration.
²Activities specifically organized to produce research outcomes and commissioned by an agency either external to the institution or separately budgeted by an organizational unit within the institution.
³Activities established primarily to provide noninstructional services beneficial to individuals and groups external to the institution. Includes expenses for community services, cooperative extension services, and public broadcasting services.
⁴Activities and services that support the institution's primary mission of instruction, research, and public service.
⁵Expenses related to admissions, registrar activities, and activities whose primary purpose is to contribute to students' emotional and physical well-being and to their intellectual, cultural, and social development outside the context of the formal instructional program. Intercollegiate athletics and student health services may also be included except when operated as self-supporting auxiliary enterprises.
⁶Expenses for the day-to-day operational support of the institution.
⁷Essentially self-supporting operations of institutions that furnish a service to students, faculty, or staff, such as residence halls and food services.
⁸Scholarship and fellowship expenses, net of discounts and allowances. Excludes the amount of discounts and allowances that were recorded as a reduction to revenues from tuition and fees and from auxiliary enterprises, such as room, board, and books; also excludes agency transactions, such as student awards made from contributed funds or grant funds.
⁹Expenses associated with a hospital operated by the postsecondary institution and reported as a part of the institution. Includes nursing expenses, other professional services, general services, administrative services, and fiscal services.
¹⁰Expenses associated with operations that are independent of or unrelated to the primary mission of the institution, although they may contribute indirectly to the enhancement of these programs. This category is generally limited to expenses of a major federally funded research and development center. Expenses related to operations owned and managed as investments of the institution's endowment funds are excluded.
¹¹The sum of operating and nonoperating expenses not classified as salaries and wages, benefits, operation and maintenance of plant, interest, or depreciation. Prior to fiscal year 2016, this value included operation and maintenance of plant expenses.
¹²Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:99); Enrollment component, Spring 2007 and Spring 2008 (final data); Fall Enrollment component, Spring 2008 through Spring 2022 (final data); and Finance component, selected years, Spring 2001 through Spring 2022 (final data) and Spring 2023 (provisional data). (This table was prepared January 2024.)

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