Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by academic rank, sex, and control and level of institution: Selected academic years, 1999-2000 through 2022-23

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Table 316.20.Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by academic rank, sex, and control and level of institution: Selected academic years, 1999-2000 through 2022-23
Academic year, control and level of institution	Constant 2022-23 dollars¹	Current dollars
	All faculty, total	All faculty			Academic rank
		Total	Males	Females	Professor			Associate professor			Assistant professor	Instructor	Lecturer	No rank
		Total	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	Assistant professor	Instructor	Lecturer	No rank
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
1999-2000
All institutions	$98,934	$55,888	$60,084	$48,997	$74,410	$76,478	$67,079	$54,524	$55,939	$52,091	$44,978	$34,918	$38,194	$47,389
Public	97,382	55,011	58,984	48,714	72,475	74,501	65,568	54,641	55,992	52,305	45,285	35,007	37,403	47,990
4-year	102,584	57,950	62,030	50,168	75,204	76,530	69,619	55,681	56,776	53,599	45,822	33,528	37,261	40,579
Doctoral²	110,201	62,253	66,882	52,287	81,182	82,445	74,653	57,744	58,999	55,156	48,190	33,345	38,883	39,350
Master's³	93,420	52,773	55,565	48,235	66,588	67,128	64,863	53,048	53,686	51,977	43,396	33,214	34,448	43,052
Other 4-year	84,736	47,867	49,829	44,577	60,360	60,748	59,052	49,567	50,133	48,548	42,306	35,754	36,088	38,330
2-year	85,396	48,240	50,033	46,340	57,806	59,441	55,501	48,056	49,425	46,711	41,984	37,634	40,061	48,233
Nonprofit	102,977	58,172	62,788	49,881	78,512	80,557	70,609	54,300	55,836	51,687	44,423	34,670	40,761	41,415
4-year	103,425	58,425	63,028	50,117	78,604	80,622	70,774	54,388	55,898	51,809	44,502	34,813	40,783	41,761
Doctoral²	127,231	71,873	77,214	59,586	95,182	96,768	87,342	62,503	63,951	59,536	52,134	39,721	42,693	45,887
Master's³	88,284	49,871	52,642	45,718	62,539	63,603	59,353	50,176	51,470	48,165	41,447	33,991	37,923	44,153
Other 4-year	82,804	46,776	48,847	43,544	60,200	60,757	58,364	46,822	47,135	46,365	38,775	31,574	33,058	35,120
2-year	66,531	37,583	39,933	34,733	39,454	38,431	40,571	36,349	37,342	35,608	31,818	27,696	25,965	40,373
For-profit	52,299	29,543	30,023	28,942	45,505	44,248	49,693	48,469	53,548	43,389	33,043	29,894	‡	27,958

2009-10
All institutions	103,179	74,620	80,881	66,647	103,682	108,225	92,830	74,125	76,400	71,017	62,245	57,791	52,185	56,803
Public	99,803	72,178	77,948	65,139	99,208	103,746	88,815	73,379	75,687	70,256	62,160	59,310	50,228	55,864
4-year	105,290	76,147	82,423	67,276	103,948	107,191	95,048	75,251	77,282	72,298	63,442	46,028	50,104	54,005
Doctoral²	113,176	81,850	89,186	70,307	113,063	115,829	103,793	78,539	80,830	74,963	66,902	44,406	50,313	53,135
Master's³	94,361	68,243	71,574	64,239	87,917	88,929	85,883	70,332	71,340	69,036	59,396	44,422	49,746	55,765
Other 4-year	84,626	61,202	63,678	58,349	76,448	79,143	72,073	65,003	66,297	63,338	55,055	54,050	49,432	54,487
2-year	86,095	62,264	63,697	61,047	72,377	74,423	70,429	60,632	61,565	59,852	54,161	65,503	53,548	56,239
Nonprofit	111,430	80,587	87,600	70,676	112,146	116,401	101,119	75,565	77,764	72,502	62,395	47,842	57,508	62,242
4-year	111,639	80,738	87,720	70,834	112,252	116,472	101,290	75,664	77,827	72,642	62,465	47,885	57,520	62,542
Doctoral²	132,022	95,480	104,514	80,888	134,776	138,354	123,283	85,864	88,699	81,499	71,973	53,825	58,932	66,634
Master's³	90,950	65,776	68,776	62,128	82,516	84,062	79,452	66,524	67,508	65,309	55,469	45,305	53,637	60,591
Other 4-year	89,344	64,614	67,178	61,326	84,869	85,528	83,480	64,747	64,949	64,478	53,130	42,145	52,422	52,775
2-year	63,234	45,731	44,417	46,529	53,063	55,046	51,310	45,768	45,863	45,717	42,706	46,010	32,393	43,562
For-profit	75,832	54,842	56,689	52,925	79,574	81,765	75,817	71,376	72,429	70,199	66,027	41,742	‡	53,705

2021-22
All institutions	99,793	93,912	101,825	85,255	130,263	137,518	117,727	92,221	95,395	88,647	79,397	72,519	67,460	64,807
Public	95,907	90,255	97,349	82,663	123,018	129,823	111,650	91,162	94,414	87,490	79,470	74,174	63,674	63,139
4-year	100,270	94,361	102,061	85,455	128,731	134,366	118,205	93,487	96,451	89,956	81,566	64,888	63,613	64,544
Doctoral²	107,577	101,237	110,061	90,408	139,658	144,774	129,085	98,044	101,173	94,177	86,409	58,010	65,062	64,198
Master's³	83,843	78,903	82,268	75,367	99,170	100,599	96,984	81,803	83,011	80,477	70,343	53,434	58,085	57,631
Other 4-year	77,947	73,353	74,596	72,231	80,914	82,419	79,341	73,597	75,827	71,438	62,735	80,686	54,365	65,332
2-year	79,695	74,999	76,244	74,000	84,931	86,337	83,763	71,897	72,504	71,460	64,239	81,709	66,102	62,280
Nonprofit	109,321	102,878	112,414	91,871	144,800	152,372	130,764	94,366	97,398	90,967	79,296	63,257	77,962	77,695
4-year	109,412	102,964	112,499	91,949	144,832	152,394	130,809	94,378	97,417	90,971	79,321	63,445	77,994	77,727
Doctoral²	126,637	119,174	131,471	103,813	171,103	178,966	154,452	105,741	109,696	101,125	90,593	69,466	80,820	86,598
Master's³	82,136	77,296	80,249	74,282	94,657	95,742	93,042	76,905	78,063	75,659	65,867	56,200	66,548	77,022
Other 4-year	85,951	80,886	83,179	78,500	106,057	106,365	105,598	81,419	82,158	80,657	66,690	52,520	68,215	64,625
2-year	65,697	61,825	62,415	61,377	78,874	84,585	74,481	83,138	78,855	87,626	64,360	51,854	62,814	61,071
For-profit	66,309	62,402	61,149	63,609	86,596	84,980	88,253	81,937	78,479	85,049	70,416	57,971	52,977	50,459

2022-23
All institutions	97,716	97,716	105,772	88,995	135,344	142,965	122,553	95,934	99,283	92,190	82,520	75,331	71,234	68,683
Public	93,959	93,959	101,171	86,324	127,819	134,940	116,275	94,872	98,302	91,038	82,510	77,226	67,697	67,047
4-year	98,203	98,203	106,041	89,269	133,809	139,699	123,170	97,318	100,459	93,627	84,638	66,665	67,638	69,676
Doctoral²	105,266	105,266	114,135	94,559	145,029	150,255	134,625	101,954	105,282	97,920	89,445	61,149	69,125	67,701
Master's³	82,151	82,151	85,667	78,498	103,039	104,504	100,857	85,083	86,541	83,476	73,032	55,159	61,985	62,885
Other 4-year	76,061	76,061	77,807	74,502	83,969	87,338	80,513	76,898	78,997	74,863	65,194	84,359	58,602	70,879
2-year	77,882	77,882	79,059	76,942	87,158	88,507	86,063	74,127	74,898	73,564	66,356	85,231	69,878	64,961
Nonprofit	106,958	106,958	116,688	95,842	150,509	158,464	136,148	98,109	101,300	94,539	82,579	66,214	81,085	81,056
4-year	107,023	107,023	116,767	95,887	150,543	158,489	136,194	98,127	101,329	94,543	82,597	66,271	81,111	81,076
Doctoral²	122,484	122,484	134,884	107,326	175,581	184,001	158,572	109,054	113,193	104,215	93,501	72,192	84,141	88,651
Master's³	79,195	79,195	82,185	76,154	96,859	98,271	94,780	78,633	79,611	77,584	67,377	57,198	67,587	81,336
Other 4-year	83,784	83,784	85,761	81,750	110,067	110,110	110,005	84,948	85,397	84,498	69,051	55,869	69,791	67,540
2-year	69,111	69,111	66,131	71,932	74,769	83,817	66,544	83,361	76,406	90,948	71,084	61,296	65,266	69,631
For-profit	63,487	63,487	62,746	64,238	86,146	89,047	83,616	79,466	77,857	80,799	71,860	50,834	68,021	64,081
‡ Reporting standards not met (too few cases).
¹Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to an academic-year basis.
²Institutions that awarded 20 or more doctor's degrees during the previous academic year.
³Institutions that awarded 20 or more master's degrees but less than 20 doctor's degrees during the previous academic year. This definition differs from the definition of master's institutions that is used in some Digest tables that present postsecondary finance data.
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions. Data exclude instructional faculty at medical schools. Data are for degree-granting institutions and U.S. service academies. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions. Separate data for instructional faculty on 9-month contracts were not available prior to 2016-17. Therefore, this table reports combined data for faculty on 9-month and 10-month contracts. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits of Full-Time Instructional Faculty Survey" (IPEDS-SA:99); and IPEDS Human Resources component, Salaries section, Winter 2009-10 (final data), Spring 2022 (final data), and Spring 2023 (provisional data). (This table was prepared January 2024.)

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